Lecture 1-2
Pre-industrial society
A Pre-industrial society would be defined as a group or band occupying a common territory having a feeling of unity deriving from similarities in culture, frequent contacts and a certain community of interests. Also defined as a social group with territorial affiliation with no specialization of functions ruled by tribal officers, hereditary, or otherwise united in language or dialect recognizing social distance with other tribes.
Industrialization
The process of social and economic change that transforms a human group from a preindustrial society into an industrial one. Social change and economic development are closely related with technological innovation. Industrialization also introduces a form of philosophical change where people obtain a different attitude towards their environment and sociological process.
Industrialization cont.
Factors identified by researchers have ranged from favorable political/legal environments for industry and commerce, abundant natural resources of various kinds, plentiful supplies of relatively low-cost, skilled and adaptable labor. The first ever transformation to an industrial economy from an agrarian one was called the Industrial Revolution and this took place in the late 18th and early 19th centuries in a few countries of Western Europe and North America, beginning in Great Britain. This was the first industrialization in the world's history.
Industrialization cont.
In recent decades, a few countries in Latin America, Asia, and Africa, such as Turkey, South Africa, Malaysia, Philippines and Mexico have experienced substantial industrial growth, fuelled by exportations going to countries that have bigger economies: the United States, Japan, China, and the EU.
Transfer of knowledge
Transfer of knowledge is essential to product an industrialization movement. How do you think knowledge might be transferred? Why do you think this transferring of knowledge is so essential to the process of industrialization?
Post-industrial society
A post-industrial society is a society in which an economic transition has occurred from a manufacturing based economy to a service based economy, a diffusion of national and global capital, and mass privatization. The prerequisites to this economic shift are the processes of industrialization and liberalization. This economic transition spurs a restructuring in society as a whole.