SPS Plant Devices Description Presentation

This section covers the plant hardware setup and configuration. These include the network hardware, metering equipment, status and tripping devices as listed below.

1.

System configuration SPS system architecture WAMS system architecture

2.

Hardware setup Schneider Electric PM1200 Multi function power meter

Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories 3. 4. SEL-751A Multi-function protection relay for UF and control application SEL-451 Multi-function protection relay for PMU application SEL-487E Multi-function protection relay for PMU application SEL-2440 Automation controller SEL-2401 GPS clock

Communication and Logic Remote access and data retrieval

1.

System Configuration

SPS and WAMS

Function of Special Protection Scheme (SPS) is to carry out the following system protection duties. Under frequency Load shedding Event based (double circuit tripping) load shedding with under frequency check. The scheme is designed to operate within 150mS upon detection of tripping condition and trip 33KV and 11KV feeders armed in the truth table of the DAW. Bulk load shedding is similar to above but instead of tripping smaller and distributed loads, trips bulk load of 275/33KV or 132/33KV transformers to achieve faster frequency recovery. Automated Switching Scheme Nested within the SPS schemes are the automated reactor switching, capacitor switching and generator tripping schemes to further improving system stability during system abnormalities. WAMS Wide area monitoring system involves the use of phasor measurement units (PMU) such as SEL-451 and SEL-487. These data from the PMU is fed to the workstation and the angular differences at different coupling points of the network are monitored. At the moment, no load tripping is initiated. The overload scheme is implemented to ensure that the lines are not overloaded during N-1 contingency. If overload is detected, the scheme will issue load shedding to prevent system collapse.

Network Topology and setup

The SPS network setup

The WAMS network

2.

Hardware Setup

Power Meter PM1200

The full manual can be found in www.powerlogic.com. For a quick guide, please refer to Appendix A.

IED equipment
SEL-751A The SEL-751A has the following functionalities that are utilized in the SPS scheme. Under frequency function Input status function Output tripping function IEC61850 compliance for GOOSE communication MODBUS communication for system voltage and frequency Time sync through NTP

SEL-2440 SEL-2440 is an automation controller. Basically, the 2440 is a robust PLC with 16/32 I/O. In the SPS application, the 2440 implement the following functionalities. Input status function Output tripping function IEC61850 compliance for GOOSE communication Time sync through NTP

SEL-451 and SEL-487E The 451 and 487 are used as PMU in the WAMS application. The following functionalities are used in the WAMS applications. PMU data through C37.232 at max 50 samples per second Over current tripping data through C37.233 for overload protection IEC61850 compliance for GOOSE communication GPS time synchronized through IRIG-B

Serial communication to SEL equipment It is observed that there is a second link from Nport Ethernet to serial converter connecting the DAW to the relays. The reason for this is that the DAW cannot implement the FTP required for communication directly through the Ethernet port.

To communicate with the relay for retrieval of data or to change settings, an alternative serial link is required. For the case of PMUs, there is no such DAW limitation as the PMUs are directly connected to the WAN. However, it is found that if the PMU needs a hard reset, a serial link is still the most robust way of achieving it. The operation of the front panel menu is explained in Appendix B. Later on in this session, there will be a demonstration on the use of SEL Quickset as well as relay hands on experience. SEL Password For Level 1, the password is OTTER while for Level 2, password is TAIL. From telnet prompt, type =>>ACC to get to level 1 and =>>2AC for level 2.

3.

Communication and Logic

Communication
WAN WAN is provided by SESCo through the 2MB/s telecommunation E1 network. In some 33/11KV substations, the communication link is 64KB/s only. SPS and WAMS network are separate from each other. The SPS and WAMS system builds their LAN networks on these communication channels. The equipment used is solely E1 to Ethernet converter or G.703 to Ethernet converter. These converters is the building blocks of the TCP/IP network linking all the substations participating in the SPS/WAMS network. MODBUS data implementation MODBUS via RS485 Metering data from the feeder participating in the SPS scheme Metering data is collected via the MODBUS register of the meter and updated every second to the DAW The DAW will pass the data to the MCW for calculation and updating of the tripping table for every zone for every substation participating in the SPS scheme When a meter is down, the DAW will be able to detect such an occurance and will inform the operator via HMI at SDC

MODBUS via Ethernet

This implementation is mainly for the operator interface and operational feedback from the IED The control of such implementation is for switching the IED for TEST/SERVICE conditions and also LOCAL/REMOTE operation The feedback messages sourced from MODBUS is for indication of the IED I/O status, trip operation register of the IED and in some cases the metering data of the IED

GOOSE Messages implementation The implementation of IEC61850 compliant GOOSE is summarized as follows. GOOSE heartbeat is set to send from the IED every minute DAW will detect the heartbeat to confirm that the IED and communications between them is healthy. In the event that the heartbeat is not detected for a predetermined time, the MCW will receive an error message and the substation will be taken out of the tripping table GOOSE messages will be sent out at every change of state condition of the points being monitored Status input for circuit breakers for the detection substation is sent directly to the WAN network and received by all DAW in the network When a double circuit tripping has occurred, the DAW will immediately receive the signal via the GOOSE message from the detection substation and will immediately send out another GOOSE message to the IED to instruct tripping according to the truth table sent out by the MCW every 5 minutes.

Logics
TEST/SERVICE condition of IED To facilitate routine maintenance or scheme testing, a TEST/SERVICE logic is built into the IED. The scheme will not trip the breakers selected in TEST position. However, the operation of the IED such as internal registers, front panel LEDs and indications will show the trip condition as if the IED has issued the trip in a real case. The selection can be via front panel push button or SDC for SEL-751A and only from SDC for SEL-2440. In the 751A IEDs, there is an extra selection of LOCAL/REMOTE which can be switched either locally or from SDC. When switched to LOCAL, the tripping outputs are disabled as in TEST mode.

Detection substation The detection substations play a vital role in the SPS scheme, as it is the source of the double circuit CB status information. In the event that a double circuit tripping

condition has been fulfilled, the GOOSE signal would have been sent out in approximately 2mS and taking network time latency into consideration would reach all participating substation within 50~100mS. For maintenance personnel, treat the CB status with extra caution if work has to be done on either primary or secondary side. Some substation uses normally open contacts from the detection CB and other uses normally closed contacts. These are reflected in the as-built drawings. Due to the different configurations limited by plant contact availability, auxiliary DC supply to the switchgear is very important in maintaining the integrity of the system. For maintenance personnel, do not simulate CB status contacts or cut off the DC supply to such contacts without first informing the relevant personnel in-charge of the SPS system or studying the circuit thoroughly. For maintenance personnel, since the CB status is of such importance and significance to the SPS system and therefore to the grid reliability as a whole, do not carry out switching or works to the CB without informing the SPS personnel incharge. Tripping substation Under Frequency and Bulk Load Shedding The tripping sequence for the scheme works as follows. Trip for Feeder-a = UF operated AND GOOSE for feeder-a received AND Service This implies that for a given double circuit condition detected and received by the DAW, the tripping signal given to the IED is AND together with the under frequency condition of the network before actual tripping output is closed to trip the breaker. This acts to improve the security and robustness of the system. Automatic Reactor and Capacitor switching These auxiliary automation function helps the operator to maintain optimal system operating condition during system disturbances. These schemes monitor the voltage at the substations where the equipment is installed and will automatically switch in reactance to maintain voltage limits.

4.

Remote access and Data retrieval

There are two ways to access the IEDs, locally or remotely. The IEDs in the SPS and WAMS system can be access remotely from the server room where the WAN switches are located. The address of each IED is listed below.

SEL IEDs can be accessed by running the QuickSet software which is free to download from www.selinc.com. To download the settings and change the settings, enter the DAW address of the substation followed by the port number of the relevant relays (2300 for relay 1 and 2301 for relay 2). In case where only 1 relay is installed, the address shall be 2300.

IP address of devices
The equipment installed at site can be accessed by Ethernet LAN. For SEL equipment, they can also be access by serial RS232 port as well. Apart from upgrading of the firmware, the normal method of access to the equipment is through the WAN. The following are the IP addresses of the various equipment installed at site. DAW IP ADDRESS 192.168.100.130

Substation KEMENA BAKUN SELANGAU OYA MAMBONG ENGKILILI ENTINGGAN BINTULU SIMILAJAU Astana Matadeng Tudan Kidurong Matang (275KV) Sejingkat Tabuan Road Priok (New) Satok Kim Hin Semango Matang (33KV) Alan Road Kpg Dato Sg. Merah Bypass Kemantan

PMU IP ADDRESS 192.168.200.104 192.168.200.107 192.168.200.108 192.168.200.105 192.168.200.102 192.168.200.103 192.168.200.101 192.168.200.106 192.168.200.109

192.168.100.119 192.168.100.117 192.168.100.118 192.168.100.129 192.168.100.138 192.168.100.139 192.168.100.140 192.168.100.143 192.168.100.136 192.168.100.101 192.168.100.108 192.168.100.109 192.168.100.110 192.168.100.112 192.168.100.115 192.168.100.116 192.168.100.122 192.168.100.123 192.168.100.126 192.168.100.134 192.168.100.120

PMU Nport 192.168.200.204 192.168.200.207 192.168.200.208 192.168.200.205 192.168.200.202 192.168.200.203 192.168.200.201 192.168.200.206 192.168.200.209

1. To access the relays through DAW on the .100 network using quickset, enter the DAW IP and then followed by PORT 2300 for relay 1 and 2301 for relay 2. 2. LAN SEL-751A-1 address=192.168.10.11 and SEL-751A-2 address=192.168.10.12 3. LAN Nport for 751A-1=192.168.10.20, 751A-2=192.168.10.21 Data retrieval There are two main reports that can be retrieved from the IEDs. The most essential report is the Sequential Event Report (SER) which is the event list with time stamp and description. After every operation of the SPS system, the SER will

be retrieved from each substation and compared with other operation data. The time stamp will synchronize the sequence of events throughout the SPS network. Apart from SER, the IEDs will have disturbance record stored in COMTRADE or CEV format for download. These files are usually larger and will take longer time to download. Better to retrieve these files after the system has normalized. During testing or maintenance, access into the IED registers will be necessary. This can also be done through the network using QuickSet software. There may be rare occasions that the IED may hang and a reset is required. This operation can be done via the network in the same way as above.