APPENDIX

IX

Television, Radio, Telephone, and Radar Frequency Spectrums

IX.1 TELEVISION IX.1.1 Very High Frequency (VHF) Channels

Channel number Frequency (MHz)

2 3

5 6

8 9 10 11

12 13

54606672

768288

174180186192198204210216

IX.1.2

Ultra High Frequency (UHF) Channels

Channel number Frequency (MHz)

14

15 16 17 18 19

20 . . .

82 83

470476482488494500506512. . .878884890

For both VHF and UHF channels, each channel has a 6-MHz bandwidth. For each channel, the carrier frequency for the video part is equal to the lower frequency of the bandwidth plus 1.25 MHz while the carrier frequency for the audio part is equal to the upper frequency of the bandwidth minus 0.25 MHz. Examples: Channel 2 (VHF) : f0 (video) = 54 + 1.25 = 55.25 MHz f0 (audio) = 60 0.25 = 59.75 MHz

Channel 14 (UHF) : f0 (video) = 470 + 1.25 = 471.25 MHz f0 (audio) = 476 0.25 = 475.75 MHz
*In top ten urban areas in the United States, land mobile is allowed in the rst seven UHF TV channels (470512 MHz). Antenna Theory: Analysis Design, Third Edition, by Constantine A. Balanis ISBN 0-471-66782-X Copyright 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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IX.2 IX.2.1

RADIO Amplitude Modulation (AM) Radio

Number of channels: 107 (each with 10-kHz separation) Frequency range: 5351605 kHz
IX.2.2 Frequency Modulation (FM) Radio

Number of channels: 100 (each with 200-kHz separation) Frequency range: 88108 MHz

IX.3

AMATEUR BANDS
Band 160-m 80-m 40-m 20-m 15-m 10-m 6-m Frequency (MHz) 1.82.0 3.54.0 7.07.3 14.014.35 21.021.45 28.029.7 50.054.0 Band 2-m Frequency (MHz) 144.0148.0 220225 420450 12151300 23002450 33003500 56505925

IX.4 IX.4.1

CELLULAR TELEPHONE Land Mobile Systems

Uplink: MS to BS (mobile station to base station) Downlink: BS to MS (base station to mobile station)
System CDMA IS-95 GSM Extended-GSM DCS 1800 US PCS 1900 WCDMA CDMA2000

Uplink (MHz) 824849 890915 880915 17101785 18501910 19201980

Downlink (MHz) 869894 935960 925960 18051880 19301990 21102170

Major Covered Areas North America, Korea, China North America, Europe, China, Japan North America, Europe, China, Japan Europe North America Everywhere Everywhere

All existing CDMA system frequencies

Downlink is the channel from the base station to the mobile unit, which is also called forward-link. Uplink is the channel from the mobile unit to the base station, which is also called reverse-link.

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IX.4.2

Cordless Telephone

United States of America: 4649 MHz Digital European Cordless Telecommunications (DECT): 1.8801.990 GHz

IX.5 RADAR IEEE BAND DESIGNATIONS

HF (High Frequency): VHF (Very High Frequency): UHF (Ultra High Frequency): L-band: S-band: C-band: X-band: Ku -band: K-band: Ka -band: Millimeter wave band: 330 30300 3001,000 12 24 48 812 1218 1827 2740 40300 MHz MHz MHz GHz GHz GHz GHz GHz GHz GHz GHz