I.

Objectives 1. To study the meaning of phase angle 2. To understand the phase relationship between the current and voltage 3. To familiarize the student with the measurement of phase shift between two signals of the same frequency in an AC circuit using an oscilloscope.

II.

Instruments and Components 1 Dual trace oscilloscope 1 Resistance module 1 Capacitance module 1 Variac or multi-tapped x-former 1 AC voltmenter (0-250V) Connecting wires

III.

Procedures 1. Connect the circuit shown in Fig 2-1. The voltage across the resistor which is proportional to the circuit current is connected to the vertical input (Ch 1) and the voltage across the entire circuit is connected to the horizontal output (Ch 2) 2. Turn-on the oscilloscope. Adjust the vertical position on each channel and zero each trace so that it appears on the center. 3. Set the input selector switch for each channel to AC. 4. Turn-on the power supply to energize the circuit. 5. Adjust the horizontal and vertical gain controls until a satisfactory ellipse is achieved on the screen. The variac may be any value which produces satisfactory results (In case of step-down x-former use the highest voltage output available). 6. Measure the distance H and h as accurate as possible. From such measurement compute the value of angle. m = arcsine h/H Record all the data on Table 2-1 7. The capacitive reactance Xc = 1/(2pifC) Tanc = Xc/P ; c=arctanXc/P Note: C= capacitance in farad

F= frequency in hertz = 60hz 8. Calculate the % difference between m and c 9. Repeat the procedures using lower values of voltage input to the circuit.

IV.

Circuit Diagrams

V.

Data and Results E (Volts) 30 60 90 H h m c % Difference

VI.

Discussion and Analyses

VII.

Conclusion

VIII.

Questions and Problems 1. Assuming a 60hz system, how much time in seconds is the maximum positive current behind maximum positive voltage when current lags the voltage by: a. 90 b. 0 c. 60

2. Draw the waveform of voltage and current under the following conditions: a. A current which lags the voltage by 60 b. A current which leads the voltage by 60 c. A current which is in phase the voltage.

3. Compute the phase angle theta between the voltage and current in each of the following circuits containing; R 50 40 C 100F 400 F f 120hz 100hz

a. b.

DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY-DASMARIAS College of Engineering Architecture and Technology Engineering Department

Circuit Analysis Laboratory Experiment No. 2 Phase Angle Measurement with an Oscilloscope

Mangente, Ma. Sarah Jane N. ECE32

Date Performed: Date Submitted:

Engr. Leslie Divina Professor