Effects of DNA Mutation on Gene Expression

Figures taken from Campbell Biology, 9th Ed.

Mutations: Awesome or awful?

Whats a mutation, anyway?

www.fanpop.com

Article: Carbs

were key in wolves evolution to dogs

Comparing the DNA of dogs and wolves shows that dogs' ability to easily digest carbohydrates, originally from starch in scraps left behind by humans, helped enable their domestication, a study finds.

www.facebook.com/evolutionarybiology

Sickle-cell disease

Mutations = ultimate source of new genes

http://www.zo.utexas.edu/faculty/antisense/downloadfilestol.html

Recall: Chromosomal aberrations (large-scale mutations)

Match the diagrams with these terms: - translocation (reciprocal/nonreciprocal) - duplication - deletion - inversion

Small-scale mutations: 1. 2.

Substitutions, Insertions, Deletions

THEFATCATATETHEWEERAT. THE FAT CAT ATE THE WEE RAT.

3.
4. 5.

THE FAT HAT ATE THE WEE RAT.

THE FAT CAA TET HEW EER AT. THE FAT ATE THE WEE RAT.

substitution deletion deletion

6.
7.

THE FAT QRY ATE THE WEE RAT.

substitution

THE FAT SCA TAT ETH EWE ERA T. insertion

Match the diagrams with these terms: - silent mutation - missense mutation - nonsense mutation

Match the diagrams with these terms: - frameshift mutation caused by deletion - frameshift mutation caused by insertion - deletion (no frameshift) What is a frameshift mutation? When does it occur?

Sources of Mutations
1. 2. Mutagens Spontaneous mutations

3.

Jumping genes

faculty.southwest.tn.edu, academic.pgcc.edu

Sources of Mutations
1. 2. Mutagens Spontaneous mutations

3.

Jumping genes

zlgc.seu.edu.cn, www.broadinstitute.org

www.nintendolife.com