EGN3353C Fluid Mechanics

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Date: Time: Location: Length: Format:

Wednesday, September 19, 2012 8:30 pm to 10 pm (arrive at 8:20 pm to find your seat) To Be Announced 90 min Closed Book One page of notes (8.5 x 11, you can write on both sides) Trig and Calculus review sheet

Bring a calculator and pencil. Topics: 1. Chapter 1 General Concepts a. What is a fluid and how is it different than a solid b. Normal stress c. Shear stress d. No-slip boundary condition e. Viscous versus inviscid flow f. Internal versus external flow g. Compressible versus incompressible h. Laminar versus turbulent i. Natural versus forced j. Steady versus unsteady k. One-, two-, and three-dimensional l. System and control volume m. Dimensions and units 2. Chapter 2 Properties of Fluids a. Extensive and intensive properties b. Continuum assumption c. Density and specific volume d. Specific gravity e. Ideal gas and equation of state f. Vapor pressure and cavitation g. Viscosity h. Coefficient of compressibility i. Surface tension and capillary effect 3. Chapter 3 - Fluid Statics a. Gage pressure, vacuum pressure, absolute pressure b. Pressure variation with depth

dP g dz
c. Manometers

EGN3353C Fluid Mechanics

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d. Barometer and atmospheric pressure e. Forces on submerged surfaces Sample exam questions are attached.

EGN3353C Fluid Mechanics

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Exam 1 Review

1) While exploring a new world, the crew of the starship Enterprise notice that the temperature of the entire atmosphere is constant and does not vary with altitude. However, the density of the gas in the atmosphere varies as a linear function of altitude such that the density variation is described by the equation

1.2kg / m3 (0.7 x104 kg / m4 ) z

where z is the elevation above the surface. The gravitational acceleration on this planet is identical to that on earth (i.e. 9.8 m/s2). If the pressure at the surface (z = 0) is 98 kPa, what is the pressure at an altitude of 6000 m?

EGN3353C Fluid Mechanics

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2) Consider the rectangular gate shown in the picture. What minimum value of the force F is required to keep the gate closed when the water level on the left side of the gate is equal to the height of the gate. Point A is a hinge. The point of application of F is 1.3 m below point A. The height of the water is the same as the height of the gate and is equal to 2.3 m. The width of the gate is 3 m. The density of the water is 1000 kg/m3.

EGN3353C Fluid Mechanics

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Exam 1 Review

3) Assume now that the viscosity of the water in problem 2 is taken into consideration. Will this change the value of force F required? Circle the best answer a. Yes, the friction due to viscosity will make F bigger b. Yes, the friction due to viscosity will make F smaller c. Yes, viscosity contributes an apparent weight to the water d. No, since the gate is not moving viscosity will have no influence e. No, viscosity only affects gases f. No, water is not a Newtonian fluid so viscosity is not important 4) The Specific Gravity is defined as the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of some standard at a specified temperature (usually water at 4 C). Circle the best answer a. True b. False 5) The no-slip condition states that fluid in direct contact with a surface sticks to the surface due to viscous effects. Circle the best answer a. True b. False 6) The capillary effect is the tendency of a fluid to flow in a continuous manner through small tubes due to pressure gradients. Circle the best answer a. True b. False