Based on Information Technology (IT) and E-Learning in Learning Process as effective Communication Media

Rita Destiwati (1) Junardi Harahap (2) (1) Telkom Polytechnic Jl. Telekomunikasi Terusan Buah Batu Bandung ritadestiwati@gmail.com (2) Padjadjaran University Jl. Raya Bandung Sumedang Km 21 Junardi_harahap@unpad.ac.id Abstract

E-learning, as the use of media- IT based communication, it is absolutely necessary to support the achievement the desired web-based learning. Application as a web-based learning, e-learning, needs to be seen whether it is appropriate and whether the results achieved are optimal to be used in the learning process, because the process of learning with web-based and e-learning is when to apply and when running well. According to the opinion, the writer strongly supports teaching and learning in the university using elearning. This research was conducted using qualitative methods to make observations, interviews and focus group discussions method. The results said that the use of communication media in the learning process at the Polytechnic Telkom Bandung has a maximum with the use of IT and e learning. Keywords; IT, E-learning, web, internet, Telkom Polytechnic Bandung, and communication.

1 Introduction The application of IT media, e-learning, and internet-based learning, in Telkom Polytechnic Bandung is very well. The studies done by Moore and Taylor (1996), Cristine Steeples (1996), and Miarso (2004) showed that the use of information study in the form of web and internet apparently opens the students mind and improve the teaching effectiveness (makes the teaching effectiveness becomes better). Study of I Made Candiasa (2004) apparently leads to improve learning for the ITbased learning and web. This process will provide some experience to the students. First, the program will give students experience of exploring the internet. Both programs will provide experience designing hypertext-based information to students. Third, the program gives advantage of computerbased learning, such as context-free, free of social conventions, not too time-bound, and able to adapt to the abilities of individual students. Telkom Polytechnic is an institution that is currently undergoing a process of development. During development, this institution needs to improve and build some things that are still considered the scope of the problem in the campus itself. One thing that is important is the problem of the students of Telkom polytechnic. The student is one part that is very influential in the very large institutions. For that institutions should be involved in the handling of campus problems related student. Today, the problem is felt by Telkom Polytechnic students who are difficult to obtain some information relating to the academic and nonacademic, because no such information in a focused media. Moreover, in terms of communication, students still find it difficult to share or discuss media between Telkom Polytechnic students themselves. Forum is a medium of information and communication. Forums are often accessed using the internet facility that will allow its users to find and share information. By looking at the function of the forum, the problems in obtaining academic and non-academic information will focus on a place that the system has been computerized and can be accessed quickly by the students who need the news. This will also provide convenience in terms of communicating or discussing (Muarifah, Arni, Thamrin, and Yuniar, Irna 2011).

Mukhtar Effendi (2010) offered one of the latest concept to look at the Internet as a communication medium in the concept of "computer mediated communications" (CMC). Moreover, the concepts at the CMC offered no view of communication over the Internet as a virtual character. The concept of CMC also did not give an explanation of the level and context of the communication, the communication elements involved, as well as the prevailing model of communication using the Internet. For further learning through the Internet we call a web-based learning. It must be recognized that the Web-based learning is made possible because of rapid development in three areas, namely distance learning, learning by using computer technology and very rapid development in internet technology. Distance learning has been a very long history. Distance learning is known to the world community started around the mid 1800's in the United States, France and some other European countries (Moore & Kearsley, 1996) in Oenardi Lawanto (2001). In general, distance learning was made through correspondence using paper media and postal services. But then the progress of computer technology is growing very rapidly and this brings various terms of learning by using computers, ranging from computer-aided instruction (CAI), computer-based training (CBT) is unfamiliar to our ears. While web-based learning is used after a fast-growing internet technology. Through the internet a lot of information that can be accessed by anyone, anytime and anywhere. Accessing information becomes relatively more quickly, cheaply and easily. Oenardi Lawanto (2001:45) Adnan Hussein and Kamaliah Siaaraf (2000) stated that in fact, the technology and the web have changed in the learning process and also change human life in the learning process as they are applicable in Malaysia. Widyo Nugroho and Fikri Saleh (2009) states that web-based e-learning is created with the idea to give students a mechanism for electronic learning, in which students can study a course according to their own abilities by using a variety of media, text, audio, or video . Electronic learning website was also created to facilitate the process of understanding a subject, so that it helps to ease the burden of teachers in presenting lecture material, but not to replace the role of teachers in the delivery of materials.

2. Literature Review I Made Candiasa (2004) refers to the description of the communication media, communication media can be divided into two, namely communication through mass media such as computer network (intranet), hereinafter referred to as the communication with the web-based modules and interpersonal communication or face to face. In communication with the web-based module, communication facilities used are electronic mail (e-mail) and a bulletin board. Email allows communicants for exchanging electronic mail, bulletin board while allowing the communicant to discuss. Either through the facilities of e-mail and bulletin boards, communicators convey information to the communication via the computer keyboard on the contrary, communicate receive information via display text, graphics, or images on a computer monitor. During the communication process there is no opportunity for communicators to make direct contact because they are at a considerable distance. Hinds, Pamela and Kiesler, Sara. (1995), emphasized the importance of communication technologies for collaboration and information sharing across boundaries rather than individual parts. So with the use of technology rather than ITbased communication allows employees and others to be more flexible in working with other departments. The results are consistent with research instead of Powell (1990), Barley (1994) in Hinds, Pamela and Kiesler, Sara (1995), organizations can encourage communication flow across organizational boundaries by strengthening horizontal structures (for technical workers, mainly) and the old and new technologies that support use by all employees. Research from Trevino, Linda Klebe, Webster, Jane and Stein, Eric W (2000) suggest that these studies tend to focus more on new communication media such as electronic mail than other traditional media. Results include media choice (an individual's decision to use the media in a particular communication incident), media usage (common individual patterns of use from time to time), and the attitude of the media (individual subjective evaluation of public media). The results

showed that a number of factors differentiated among media choices, including medium symbolism, message obscurity, distance between message partners, perceived media richness, number of recipients, and perceived message recipients' attitudes. Media's most consistent are perceived. Te'eni, Dov (2001), there are several theories available to describe how a manager at the company chose medium for communication. However, current technology can affect not only how we communicate, but also what we communicate. Consequently, the issue for designers of communication support systems has become broader: how should technology is designed to make communication more effective by changing the attributes of the media and the message itself. The answer to this question requires a shift from the current preoccupation with the media edge of the mechanisms that guide behavior is used to demonstrate the potential to develop design principles or future communications support system.

3. Method This study uses a qualitative method by conducting interviews with 25 informants, and also made a focus group discussion with the informants. Focus group discussion is useful, to dig deeper, the findings discovered during the interviews with individual informants. Before doing, an observation was made regarding the use of IT, e learning and the use of internet wifi at the Polytechnic Telkom Bandung.

4. Results and Discussion

Information Technology (IT) According to interviews with informants, it is found that the use of IT in communications media has a maximum learning. The lecturers and also in the process of learning at the Polytechnic have been using Telkom Bandung-based IT. The use of the learning process at the Polytechnic Bandung by the informants runs in accordance with the desire you want, almost all of the learning process has been conducted with IT-based learning

process. It was as it was presented by the informants who be interviewed. Learning at the Polytechnic campus Telkom Bandung, mostly have already used IT, both material and tasks at the students portals, collecting tasks is also done through their portal or via lecturers email. Lecturers also teach or deliver material via a laptop and projector tasks, such as Holy informant interviews. It was also said by informant 1: IT-based learning is a very nice campus, ranging from in-focus, projector and laptop to deliver material, that facilitate IT-based students to better understand and interesting for an explanation.

as server used and a lot of the error that can suddenly happen, then the student must re-input the answers from the beginning so that it becomes an obstacle. Wi-Fi Regarding the on-campus internet connection is slow, and often slows connections that do not support to resolve all purposes lecture by informants; this happens when Sisfo web starts replacement, Informant 5 said: Wi-Fi in the campus is up and down so it does not get more support in the process of learning on campus. So for those who had better bring modem. The solution is to bring the student modem to facilitate learning on campus.

E- Learning All learning system at the Polytechnic campus Telkom Bandung has almost used the method of e-learning. This requires students to be more active as informant. Lecturers are already using e-learning courses to students in teach said informant. It was also mentioned by other informant 2: I think e-learning is not quite maximum because the learning is less understandable if only a furnishing this material without explanation, it will be nice if there is further discussion to be directly uploaded and can be directly studied. Informants 3 said: For the use of e-learning for students is great, because the students can be quickly trained to solve the case study at hand.

Informants 6: Stated that for the Wi-Fi itself is very bad sometimes much too inadequate a naughty student who plays net cut and make longer connection for him.

Informants 7: The Wi-Fi connection that supports learning is still not fast compared to other existing university in Indonesia, given Telkom Polytechnic campus is based on information known to the system and Wi-Fi signal reception can only be found in a few places, so that when learning activities carried out in a low signal then the learning activities should use the internet connection to be difficult.

Informants 4 said: Telkom Polytechnic learning using e-learning is pretty good but still has many problems such Regarding the weak Wi-Fi connection from Sisfo, apparently by than Sisfo and lecturer, that there are cases where the student, open web site and download the things that are not allowed

when Wi-Fi access is a powerful, so the Sisfo make policies to weaken the Wi-Fi connection, but it just made rather than just the ground floor, the second floor and beyond the usual internet connection is quite strong. 5. Conclusion It can be concluded that the use of IT media and e-learning is important and urgent in the learning process on campus. And for Telkom Polytechnic Bandung, in the learning process has been used instead of IT and e learning are good enough. Although, it turns out to use web-based, there are things that students are not allowed to be done for example downloading things that are not good. However, it was later made a policy to slow down the internet connection on the lower floor used to students in the evening.

Bandung: Program Studi Manajemen Informatika Politeknik Telkom Bandung 2011, (http courseware.politekniktelkom.ac.i d.pdf access 23 Nov 2012). Moore, David M. & C. David Taylor.Student Participation, Interaction, and Regulation in a Computer Mediated Communication Environment, Journal of Computing research, Vol. 14(3), 1996. Miarso, Y. Menyemai Benih Teknologi Pendidikan, Jakarta: Penerbit Kencana, 2004. Nugroho, Widyo dan Saleh, Fikri. Perancangan Media Komunikasi Berbasis Web Untuk Pembelajaran. Jurnal Sistem Informasi, Vol 5, No 2, 2009. Lawanto, Oenardi. Pembelajaran Berbasis Web Sebagai Metoda Komplemen Kegiatan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan. Jurnal Unitas, No 1, September 2000 - Februari 2001, 44-58. Steeples, Christine. Technological Support for teaching and Learning: Computer Mediated Communication in Higher Education, Computer education, Vol. 26, No. 1, 1996. Trevio, Linda Klebe, Webster, Jane and Stein, Eric W. Making Connections: Complementary Influences on Communication Media Choices Attitudes, and Use. Source: Organization Science, Vol. 11, No. 2 (Mar. - Apr., 2000), pp. 163-18 2. Published by: INFORMS Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/26402 82. Teeni, Dov .A Cognitive-Affective Model of Organizational Communication for Designing IT. Source: MIS Quarterly, Vol. 25, No. 2 (Jun., 2001), pp. 251-312Published by: Management Information Systems Research Center, University of Minnesota Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/32509 31.

6. Bibliography Candiasa, I Made, Pembelajaran Dengan Modul Berbasis Web. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pengajaran IKIP Negeri Singaraja, No. 3 TH. XXXVII Juli 2004. Effendi. Mukhtar. Peranan Internet Sebagai Media Komunikasi. Jurnal Komunika, Vol.4 No.1 Januari-Juni 2010 pp.130-142. Hinds, Pamela and Kiesler, Sara. Communication across Boundaries: Work, Structure, and Use of Communication Technologies in a Large Organization. Organization Science, Vol. 6, No. 4 (Jul. - Aug., 1995), pp. 373-393 Published by: INFORMS Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/26349 94. Hussein, Adnan dan Hj Siaaraf, Kamaliah. Penggunaan Teknologi Komunikasi dan Informasi Di Kalangan Ahli Akademik di Malaysia. Jurnal Komunikasi jilid 16. 2000, Hal 119-130.

Muarifah, Arni, Thamrin, dan Yuniar, Irna. Forum Informasi Dan Komunikasi Mahasiswa Politeknik Telkom Berbasis Web.