Definition:
Telephony refers to the general use of telephones to provide voice communication over distances.
With the arrival of computers, digital transmission, and the use of radio waves to transmit
telephone signals, the distinction between telephony and telecommunication has become difficult
to make.
TELEPHONE
• It is an apparatus for sending sound or speech to a distant point over wires by means of
electricity.
CELLPHONE
• It is a telephone which uses radio waves to transmit and receive signals instead of wires.
• Innocenzo Manzetti
- gave the first idea of a telephone. It was called as the “speaking telegraph”. (1844)
• Antonio Meucci
- filed a patent caveat titled "Sound Telegraph", describing communication of voice between two
people by wire.
• Elisha Gray
- filed a patent caveat for transmitting the human voice through a telegraphic circuit.
(February 14, 1876)
Unknowingly, on the same day, February 14, 1876, just few hours after Elisha Gray, Alexander
Graham Bell applies for the patent "Improvements in Telegraphy" the transmission of vocal or
other sounds telegraphically.
1. Transmitter
- often called as the microphone
- It converts the sound waves of a person's voice into an electric current.
Two kinds
1. The carbon transmitter – is the basic type
2. The foil-electret microphone – is the modern type. It is most used in modern telephones.
How it works:
The sound waves of the person cause the diaphragm to vibrate. When the diaphragm vibrates,
pressure is being exerted into the carbon grains and then electric current is produced. The electric
current produced, is the electric "copy" of the speaker's voice. Louder the sound, higher the
electric current.
2. Receiver
- often called as the speaker
- It converts electric current to sound.
- Therefore, the receiver turns back the electric copy of the speaker’s voice to the original sound
of the voice.
Main Parts:
1. Diaphragm – thin round piece of iron
2. Permanent magnet – exerts constant pull on the diaphragm.
3. Electromagnet – a coil located at the back of diaphragm
How it works:
When the produced electric current flows through the coil, the electromagnet becomes
magnetized. The magnetized electromagnet causes the diaphragm to vibrate and then create
sound waves almost the same as those of the speaker's voice.
3. Hook Switch
- The hook switch connects and disconnects the phone from the network.
How it works:
When you lift the phone, the hook switch connects to the network and enables you to make a call.
When you put down the phone, the hook switch disconnects to the network and disables you to
make a call but then enables you to receive a call.
4. Dialing mechanism
- often called as the keypad and consists of keys 0-9, * and #.
How it works:
Each key generates a pair of accurately controlled tones from combination of frequencies. Each
key also generates a certain number of electric pulses. The number of electric pulses is then used
by the computers in the telephone network to direct your call to its receiver.
TELEPHONY
Submitted by:
ECET2A/2A1
Group 4
Members:
Jomarie Casaclang
Jomar Sanchez
Fatima Solomon
Submitted to:
Prof. Corazon Cruz