INFLUENCE LINES FOR STATICALLY INDETERMINATE BEAMS

Comparison Between Indeterminate and Determinate Influence line for Statically Indeterminate Beams Qualitative Influence Lines for Frames

Comparison between Indeterminate and Determinate

Indeterminate

Determinate

1 A

RA

1 A

RA

Indeterminate 1 A D C 1 A

Determinate D B E C

RA

RA

1 A

VD

1 D

VD

D A

1 C ME A D B E C ME
3

Influence Lines for Reaction

Redundant R1 applied
4

1
Compatibility equation:
f1 j + f11 R1 = 1 = 0

=
R1 = f1 j (

1 = f1j

1 fjj +
R1 = ( f j1 f11 )

1 ) f11

f11 1 fj1 R1
4

Redundant R2 applied

1
Compatibility equation.
'2 + f 22 R2 = 2 = 0

f 2 j + f 22 R2 = 2 = 0

= 1 f2j fjj fj2 R2 + f22 1

R2 = f 2 j (

1 ) f 22

R2 = (

f j2 f 22

Influence Lines for Shear

VE = (
1 1 f44 fj4 1

1 ) f j4 f 44

Influence Lines for Bending Moment

ME = (
1

44

) f j4

44

fj4

Using Equilibrium Condition for Shear and Bending Moment Influence line of Reaction
1 4 2 j 3

f11 =1 f11

f 41 f11

R1
f j1
f 22 =1 f 22

R1 = (

f j1 f11

1
f 42 f 22

f11 f j2 f 22

R2 1
f 33 =1 f 33

R2 = (

f j2 f 22

f 43 f 33

f j3 f 33

R3 1

R3 = (

f j3 f 33

)
8

 Influence line of Shear

1
1 4 2 j 3

Unit load to the left of x

1

1 M4

R1 R1 R2 R3

V4

+ Fy = 0; R1 1 V4 = 0

V4 = R1 - 1 R1 1 Unit load to the right of

1 4

M4 R1 V4

4 1 1 1 V4 = R1 - 1

V4 = R1 V4

+ Fy = 0; R1 V4 = 0

V4 = R1

 Influence line of Bending moment l

1
1 4 2 j 3

Unit load to the left of x

1

1 M4 V4

l R1

R1

l1

R2

l2

R3

+ M4 = 0: M4 - 1 (l-x) - l R1 = 0 M4 = - l + x + l R1 R1 Unit load to right of

1 4

1 M4 = - l + x + l R1 1 1 M4 M4 = lR1 l R1 M4 V4

+ M4 = 0: M4 - l R1 = 0 M4 = l R1
10

Qualitative Influence Lines for Frames

I 1

Influence Line of VI

Maximum positive shear

Maximum negative shear

11

1 I

Influence Line of MI

Maximum positive moment

Maximum negative moment

12

Influence Line for MOF MA A Ay D Dy G Gy

15 m

15 m

1.0 Gy 1.0 Dy 1.0 Ay

13

15 m

15 m

MA

1 MH

14

G A 1.0 RA 1.0 RB B C D E

MB 1 1 MG
15

G A B C D E

VG

VF

VH
16

Example 1 Draw the influence line for - the vertical reaction at A and B - shear at C - bending moment at A and C EI is constant . Plot numerical values every 2 m.

2m

2m

2m

17

 Influence line of RB A C D B

2m

2m

2m

f AB f BB

f CB f BB

f DB f BB

f BB =1 f BB

18

 Find fxB by conjugate beam 6 kNm A 1 C D B 1 Real Beam

2m
18 EI

2m

2m x

6 EI

72 EI Conjugate Beam 18 EI

x EI

x2 2 EI

x
72 EI

x3 72 18 x + = Mx 6 EI EI EI

Vx

x 3

2x 3

18 EI

19

x A C D B
f xB x3 72 18 x = M 'x = + 6 EI EI EI

2m

2m

2m

Point B 72/EI

x (m) 0

fxB
72 EI
37.33 EI 10.67 EI

fxB / fBB 1

10.67/EI

37.33/EI 1

fBB fxB

0.518

C 37.33 /72 = 0.518 10.67 /72 = 0.148 0 A f BB 72 = =1 f BB 72 1 Influence line of RB

0.148

20

Influence line of RA A C D B

2m

2m

2m

1 kN
f AA =1 f AA

f CA f AA

f DA f AA

21

 Find fxA by conjugate beam 6 kNm 1 kN A C D B Real Beam 2m x

M 'A = 72 EI 6 EI 18 EI
3

2m

2m

1 kN

Conjugate Beam
B' y = 18 EI

18 x x = Mx EI 6 EI

x 3

2x 3

Vx
x EI

x
x2 2 EI

B' y =

18 EI

22

x A C D B
f xA
18 x x 3 = M 'x = EI 6 EI

2m

2m

2m

Point B

x (m) 0

fxA 0
34.67 EI 61.33 EI 72 EI

fxA / fAA 0

1 kN fAA

72/EI

61.33 /EI

34.67 /EI fxA

0.482

C 72 /72 = 1.0 61.33 /72=0.852

f f
AA AA

0.852

1.0

1 kN =1

34.67 /72 = 0.482 Influence line of RA

23

Alternate Method: Use equilibrium conditions for the influence line of RA x MA RA A C 1 D B

+ Fy = 0;

2m

2m RB 0.148 .518

2m

RB

RA + RB 1 = 0 RB = 1 RA

1 RB 1

RA = 1- RB 1.0 1 kN 0.852 0.482 RA

24

Using equilibrium conditions for the influence line of VC 1 MA RA A C x D B Unit load to the left of C MC VC
+ Fy = 0; + RB + VC = 0

2m

2m

2m

RB 1

RB

0.148

0.518 RB 1

VC = - RB Unit load to the left of C MC 1 x

0.852 1 -0.148 0.482 VC

VC
+ Fy = 0; + VC 1 + RB = 0

RB

VC = 1 - RB

25

Using equilibrium conditions for the influence line of MA 1 MA RA A C x D B + M A = 0; 2m 2m 2m RB

M A 1(6 x) + 6 RB = 0 M A = 6 + x + 6 RB

1 0.148 0.518 RB 1

MA -1.112 1 -0.892
26

Using equilibrium conditions for the influence line of MC 1 MA RA A C x D B Unit load to the left of C MC VC 2m 2m 2m RB 1 0.148 0.518 RB 1 + 4m RB
M C = 0; M C + 4 RB = 0

MC = 4RB Unit load to the left of C 1 x 4m

0.592

1 0.074 MC

MC VC

RB

+ M C = 0; M C 1(4 x) + 4 RB = 0 MC = -4 + x + 4RB
27

Example 2 Draw the influence line and plot numerical values every 2 m for - the vertical reaction at supports A, B and C - Shear at G and E - Bending moment at G and E EI is constant.

2@2=4 m

4@2 = 8 m

28

Influence line of RA A G B D E F C

2@2=4 m

4@2 = 8 m

f AA =1 f AA

f DA f AA

f EA f AA

f FA f AA

29

 Find fxA by conjugate beam A 1 4m B 1.5 2m 4 /EI Conjugate beam 4/EI 0

10.67 EI

C 0.5

Real beam

6m

5.33 EI

64/EI

4/EI 0 18.67/EI
10.67 EI

f AA = M ' A =

64 EI

30

64/EI

x2

4/EI

x1 Conjugate beam

18.67 EI
3

4m
x1 2 EI

8m
x1 4 EI
2

5.33 EI

x1

x1 5.33 x1 = 12 EI EI

M x1 V x1
x1 3 2 x1 3 5.33 EI

64 EI

x2

x2 2 EI

x2 EI

M x2
18.67 EI

2 x2 3

x2 V x2 3

x 64 18.67 = 2 + 6 EI EI EI

31

x2 A G B D E

x1 F C

f xA f xA

5.33x x3 = M ' x1 = , for B to C EI 12 EI 3 18.67 x2 64 x2 = M 'x 2 = + , for A to B EI EI 6 EI

4m
64 EI 28 EI

2m

6m

Point C F fxA

x (m) 0 2 4 6 8 10

fxA 0
10 EI
16 EI 14 EI

fxA / fAA 0 -0.1562 -0.25 -0.2188 0 0.4375 1

32

fAA 1

14 EI

16 EI

10 EI

E D

f AA =1 f AA

Influence line of RA 0.438 -0.219 -0.25 -0.156

B G A

0
28 EI 64 EI

12

Using equilibrium conditions for the influence line of RB 1 A RA 4m G B RB 2m 6m D E F x C RC Point C 1 0.438 1 -0.219 -0.25 -0.156 RA F E D B 0.59 1 1 1.078 0.875 0.485 RB G A

+ M C = 0; 8 RB + x 12 RA = 0
RB = x 12 RA 8 8

x (m) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

RA 0

RB 0

-0.1562 0.485 -0.25 0.875

-0.2188 1.078 0 0.4375 1 1 0.5939 0

33

Using equilibrium conditions for the influence line of RC 1 A RA 4m G B RB 2m 6m D E F x C RC Point C 1 0.438 1 -0.219 -0.25 -0.156 1 RC 1 RA F E D B 0.141 0.375 -0.0312 0.672 G A

+ M B = 0;

4 RA 1( x 8) 8 RC = 0
RC = 0.5 RA x +1 8

x (m) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

RA 0 -0.1562 -0.25 -0.2188 0 0.4375 1

RC 1 0.6719 0.375 0.1406 0 -0.0312 0

34

 Check Fy = 0 1 A RA 4m 1 0.438 1 0.59 1 0.141 0.375 -0.0312 0.672 1 1 -0.219 -0.25 -0.156 1.08 0.875 0.49 RA G B RB 2m 6m D E F x C RC Point C F E D RB 1 RC B G A
+ Fy = 0; RA + RB + RC = 1

RA 0

RB 0

RC 1 0.6719 0.375 0.1406 0

R 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
35

-0.1562 0.485 -0.25 0.875

-0.2188 1.078 0 1

0.4375 0.5939 -0.0312 1 0 0

Using equilibrium conditions for the influence line of VG 1 x A G B D E F C A 4m 2m 6m RA VG Unit load to the left of G x 1 MG

+ Fy = 0; RA 1 VG = 0

1 0.438 1 0.438 1 -0.562 VG -0.219 -0.25 -0.156 -0.219 -0.25 -0.156 RA Unit load to the right of G A RA VG = RA VG MG VG = RA - 1

36

Using equilibrium conditions for the influence line of VE 1 A G B D E x F C Unit load to the left of E ME VE 4m 2m 6m 1 RC ME 0.625 0.0312 1 -0.141 -0.375 0.328 VE VE RC
+ Fy = 0; VE 1 + RC = 0

RC

+ Fy = 0; RC + VE = 0

VE = - RC 0.141 0.375 -0.0312 0.672 1 Unit load to the right of E 1 x

VE = 1 - RC
37

Using equilibrium conditions for the influence line of MG 1 x A G B D E F C A 4m 2m 6m RA + 1 0.438 1 0.876 1 MG -0.438 -0.5 -0.312 -0.219 -0.25 -0.156 RA Unit load to the left of G x 2m 1 MG VG

M G = 0; M G + 1(2 x) 2 RA = 0

MG = -2 + x + 2RA Unit load to the right of G A RA + 2m MG VG

M G = 0; M G 2 RA = 0
38

MG = 2RA

Using equilibrium conditions for the influence line of ME 1 A G B D E x F C Unit load to the left of E 4m ME VE 4m 2m 6m 1 RC + ME = 0; ME = 4RC Unit load to the right of E x 1 ME VE 0.688 ME
+ M E = 0; M E 1(4 x) + 4 RC = 0

RC

0.141 -0.0312

0.375

0.672 1

1.5 0.564 -0.125

4m

RC

ME = - 4 + x+ 4RC
39

Example 3 For the beam shown (a) Draw quantitative influence lines for the reaction at supports A and B, and bending moment at B. (b) Determine all the reactions at supports, and also draw its quantitative shear, bending moment diagrams, and qualitative deflected curve for - Only 10 kN downward at 6 m from A - Both 10 kN downward at 6 m from A and 20 kN downward at 4 m from A 20 kN 2EI A 4m C 2m 2m 10 kN 3EI B

40

Influence line of RA 2EI A 4m C 2m 2m 3EI B

fAA

fDA

fCA

fEA

fAA /fAA

fDA /f

AA

fCA /fAA

fEA /f

AA

41

 Find fxA by conjugate beam 2EI A 1 1 V (kN) + 4m C 2m 2m 1 x (m) 3EI 8 kNm B 1 kN Real Beam

4 M (kNm) 1.33EI +

8 x (m)

2EI 60.44/EI 12/EI

2.67 EI

fAA = MA = 60.44/EI

Conjugate Beam 42

 Quantitative influence line of RA 2EI 60.44/EI 12/EI A C B Conjugate Beam 1.33EI

2.67 EI

60.44/EI

37.11/EI

17.77/EI

4.88/EI

fxA

0.614

0.294

0.081

RA = fxA/fAA

43

Using equilibrium conditions for the influence line of RB and MB x A RA 1 4m 2m 2m 1 B RB MB

0.614

0.294

0.081

RA

0.386

0.706

0.919

1 RB = 1 - RA

0 -1.088 -1.648 -1.352

MB = 8RA - (8-x)(1)
44

Using equilibrium conditions for the influence line of VB x A RA 1 4m 2m 2m 1 B VB = RA - 1

0.614

0.294

0.081

RA

0 -0.386 -0.706 -0.919 -1

VB = RA -1

45

Using equilibrium conditions for the influence line of VC and MC x A RA 1 4m 0.614 2m 0.294 2m 1 C B RB 0 MB

0.081

RA

VC = RA - 1 VC = RA 1 -0.386 MC = 4RA - (4-x)(1) 0.456 0.294 0.081 0 VC

-0.706 MC = 4RA 1.176 0.324 MC

46

The quantitative shear and bending moment diagram and qualitative deflected curve 10 kN MB= 13.53 kNm B A 10(0.081)=0.81 kN 4m 2m 2m RB=9.19 kN

0.614

0.294

0.081

RA

V (kN)

0.81

0.81 -9.19

MA (kNm)

4.86 -13.53
47

The quantitative shear and bending moment diagram and qualitative deflected curve 10 kN 20 kN MB=46.48 kNm B A 20(.294) +1(0.081) = 6.69 kN 1 4m 2m 2m RB=23.31 kN

0.614

0.294 6.69

0.081

RA

V (kN)

6.69

-13.31 MA (kNm) 26.76 + -23.31 -23.31

0.14 -46.48
48

APPENDIX Muller-Breslau for the influence line of reaction, shear and moment Influence lines for MDOF beams Example 1 Draw the influence line for - the vertical reaction at B

2m

2m

2m

49

Influence line of RA A C D B

2m

2m

2m

1 kN
f AA =1 f AA

f CA f AA

f DA f AA

50

 Find fxA by conjugate beam 6 kNm 1 kN A C D B Real Beam 2m x

M 'A = 72 EI

2m

2m

1 kN

Conjugate Beam
B' y = 18 EI

6 /EI
3

18 EI

18 x x = Mx EI 6 EI

x 3

2x 3

Vx
x EI

x
x2 2 EI

B' y =

18 EI

51

x A C D B
f xA 18 x x 3 = M 'x = EI 6 EI

2m

2m

2m

Point B

x (m) 0

fxA 0
34.67 EI 61.33 EI 72 EI

fxA / fAA 0

1 kN fAA

72/EI

61.33 /EI

34.67 /EI fxA

0.482

C 72/72 = 1.0 61.33 /72=0.852 1 kN f AA =1 f AA 34.67 /72 = 0.482

0.852

1.0

Influence line of RA

52

 Influence line of RB A C D B

2m

2m

2m

f AB f BB

f CB f BB

f DB f BB

f BB =1 f BB

53

 Find fxB by conjugate beam 6 kNm A 1 C D B 1 Real Beam

2m
18 EI

2m

2m x

6 EI

72 EI 18 EI

Conjugate Beam

x EI x3 72 18 x + = Mx 6 EI EI EI

x2 2 EI

x
72 EI

Vx

x 3

2x 3

18 EI
54

x A C D B
f xB x3 72 18 x = M 'x = + 6 EI EI EI

2m

2m

2m

Point B 72/EI

x (m) 0

fxB
72 EI
37.33 EI

fxB / fBB 1

10.67/EI

37.33/EI 1

fBB fxB

0.518

C 37.33 /72 = 0.518 10.67 /72 = 0.148 0 72 /72 = 1 fBB =1 fBB

10.67 EI

0.148

1 Influence line of RB
55

Example 2 For the beam shown (a) Draw the influence line for the shear at D for the beam (b) Draw the influence line for the bending moment at D for the beam EI is constant.Plot numerical values every 2 m.

A 2m

D 2m

B 2m

E 2m

56

The influence line for the shear at D 1 kN A D D 1 kN 2m

f DD =1 f DD

2m

2m

2m

1 kN D 1 kN
f ED f DD

VD

57

 Using conjugate beam for find fxD 1 kN A D B E C

2m

1 kN

2m

2m

2m

2 kNm 1 kN 1 kN 1 kN 2 kNm 2k 1 kN

1 kN

2 kN

1 kN

58

1 kN A 1 kN 2m V( kN) 1 kN 2m 1 x (m) -1 4 M (kN m) 4/EI Conjugate beam MD

59

B 2kN 2m

Real beam 1 kN

2m

x (m)

 Determine MD at D 4/EI A C 2m
8 m 3 16 3EI 8 3EI

Conjugate beam

MD D 2m 2m

B 2m 8/EI 4/EI 0

8/EI
8 m 3

4/EI
16 3EI
60

128/3EI
40 3EI

4/EI A
40 3EI

D 128/3EI 2m 2m

B 2m

E 2m

C
8 3EI

Conjugate beam

2/EI 2/EI MDL

40 3EI 2 3 =( 2 2 40 76 )( ) ( )(2) = EI 3 3EI 3EI

VDL

2/EI 128/3EI
40 3EI 2 3

MDR = (

2 2 128 40 52 )( ) + ( )(2) = EI 3 3EI 3EI 3EI

VDR
4 2 2 8 = ( )( ) ( )(2) = ME EI EI 3 3EI

2/EI

2/EI

2 VE 3

8 3EI 61

4/EI A
40 3EI

D 128/3EI 2m 2m

B 2m

E 2m

C
8 3EI

Conjugate beam

V
16 3EI

2 3EI

8 3EI x (m)

40 3EI

128/3EI = MD = fDD fxD = M

34 3EI 52 3EI

x (m)
76 3EI 4 EI

0.406 =

52 128

Influence line of VD = fxD/fDD 76 /128 = -0.594 4 /(128/3) = -0.094

62

The influence line for the bending moment at D DD A 1 kN m 2m

f DD

B 1 kN m 2m 2m

2m

DD
MD

DD

f ED

63

 Using conjugate beam for find fxD

A 1 kN m 2m

B 1 kN m 2m 2m

2m

1 kNm 0.5 kN 1 kNm 1k 0.5 kN 0.5 kN 0.5 kN

0.5 kN

1 kN

0.5 kN

64

1 kN m 1 kN m A D B 0.5 kN 2m V (kN) 2m 1 kN 2m 0.5

Real beam 0.5 kN

2m

x (m) 1 2 M (kN m) 2/EI Conjugate beam

65

x (m)

2/EI Conjugate beam

2m

2m

2m 4/EI

2m

2/EI 0
8 3EI

8 m 3

4/EI
8 m 3
32 3EI

4 3EI

2/EI
8 3EI
66

4 3EI

2/EI Conjugate beam

4 EI 32 3EI 4 3EI

2m 1/EI

2m 1/EI MD = (

2m

2m

1 2 4 26 )( ) + ( )(2) = EI 3 EI 3EI

4 EI

2 VD 3

1/EI
2 1 2 4 = ( )( ) ( )(2) = ME EI EI 3 3EI

1/EI

VE

2 3

4 3 EI
67

2/EI Conjugate beam 4 EI 2m

4 EI V 17 3EI

32 3EI 2m

4 3EI 2m 2m
4 3EI x (m)

5 1 EI DD = 32/3EI 3EI 8 3EI

26/3EI fxD = M
26 = 0.813 32

x (m) -2/EI DL = 5/(32/3) = 0.469 rad. DR = -17/32 = -0.531 rad.

xD

f xD

D = 0.469 + 0.531 = 1 rad

Influence line of MD 68 -2 /(32/3) = -0.188

Example 3 Draw the influence line for the reactions at supports for the beam shown in the figure below. EI is constant.

A 5m

B 5m

C 5m

D 5m

E 5m

F 5m

69

Influence line for RD A 5m B 5m C 5m D 5m E 5m F 5m G

fBD

fCD

fDD 1

fED

fFD

fXD

f BD f DD

f CD f DD

f DD = 1 f ED f DD f DD

f FD f DD

fXD/fDD = Influence line for RD

70

 Use the consistency deformation method A G

3@5 =15 m 3@5 =15 m

fGG ------(1)

x RG

G + fGGRG = 0

15

A 1
15 m

- Use conjugate beam for find G and fGG 30 Real beam Real beam G A
112.5 EI

G 1
f 'GG = M ' 'G = 9000 EI

15 m

30 m

15 EI

2812.5 'C = M 'C = EI

15 + (2/3)(15)

15 EI

450 EI

Conjugate beam

Conjugate beam

112.5/EI

20 m

450 71 EI

Substitute G and fGG in (1) :

2812.5 9000 + RG = 0 EI EI
RG = 0.3125 kN ,

5.625 A 0.6875 1

G 0.3125

15 1 30 1 1
72

=
1

x RG = -0.3125 kN

 Use the conjugate beam for find fXD fCD 5.625 fBD A
3@5 =15 m

fDD

fED

fFD

Real beam

3@5 =15 m

23.01 1 0.3125 EI 5.625 x2 6.818 m EI G Conjugate beam A 8.182 m 28.13 4.688 35.16 2 x1 0.6875 x1 EI 15.98 EI EI 2 EI 5.625 x1 0.6875 x12 x2 EI EI V2 5.625 (5.625-0.6875x1)/EI M2 G EI 2 2 A 5.625 x1 0.6875 x1 x1 0.3125 x2 x2 M1 0.3125x2 = ( ) ( ) 28.13 x1 EI 2 2 3 2 2 V1 EI 0.3125 x2 .6875 x1 2 x1 28.13 + ( ) + x2 = M ' x 2 2 EI 2 EI 3 EI

0.6875

x1 = 5 m -----> fBD = M1= 56/EI x1 = 10 m -----> fCD = M1= 166.7/EI x1 = 15 m -----> fDD = M1= 246.1/EI

x2 = 5 m -----> fFD = M2= 134.1/EI x2 = 10 m -----> fED = M2= 229.1/EI x2 = 15 m -----> fDD = M2= 246.1/EI
73

 Influence Line for RD

56 EI

166.7 EI

246.1 229.2 134.1 EI EI EI

fXD

1
246.1 166.7 229.2 134.1 56 246.1 246.1 246.1 246.1 246.1

fXD/fDD

0.228 0.677

1.0 0.931 0.545

Influence Line for RD

74

Influence line for RG A 5m B 5m C 5m D 5m E 5m F 5m G

fEG fBG fCG

f EG f GG f BG f GG

fFG

fGG fXG 1
f GG =1 f GG

f FG f GG

f CG f GG

fXG/fGG 1

75

 Use consistency deformations fXG

3@5 =15 m D 3@5 =15 m

fDD

1
X RD

D + fDDRD = 0

------(2)

30

A 1
30 EI

- Use conjugate beam for find D and fDD 15 Real beam Real beam G A
30 m

G
15 m

450 EI
Conjugate beam 20 m

1
9000 EI
15 EI

15 m

112.5 EI
Conjugate beam 76

450/EI

15 + (2/3)(15)

M V

1.5 EI

112.5 EI
15 m

9000 EI

15 EI

112.5 EI
M V

450/EI
f DD = M ' ' =

'D = M ' =

112.5 15 9000 450 2812.5 ( )+ (15) = EI 3 EI EI EI

112.5 2 1125 ( 15) = EI 3 EI

2812.5 1125 + RD = 0, RD = 2.5kN = 2.5kN , Substitute D and fDD in (2) : EI EI 7.5

1.5 30 1 15 1

2.5

x RD = -2.5 kN

77

 Use the conjugate beam for find fXG 7.5 1.5 3@5 =15 m fBG fCG
75 EI

fEG 2.5

fFG

fGG Real beam 1

3@5 =15 m

15 EI

112.5 EI

fGG = MG = 1968.56/EI G
10 m Conjugate beam

A
7.5 EI 18.75 EI

15 + (10/3) = 18.33 m 25 + (2/3)(5) = 28.33 m

168.75/EI

5m A
7.5 EI 18.75 EI
V1

M1 = f BG =

18.75 2 62.5 ( 5) = EI 3 EI 18.75 EI 6.67 m

M2 = f CG =

A 7.5 EI

18.75 EI

V2

18.75 125.06 (6.67) = EI EI

78

x2 2 x3 x3 1968.56 168.75 ( )+ x3 =M 2 3 EI EI
2

fGG = MG = 1968.56/EI G

x V2 x

168.75/EI

x = 5 m -----> fFG = M= 1145.64/EI x = 10 m -----> fEG = M = 447.73/EI 1968.56 1145.64 447.73 EI EI EI fXG 62.5 125 1 EI EI 1145.64 1968.56 447.73 1968.56 1968.56 1968.56 fXG/fGG 125 62.5 1 1968.56 1968.56 1.0 0.582 0.227 Influence line for RG 79 -0.032 -0.064

Using equilibrium condition for the influence line for Ay 1 x MA Ay A 5m B 5m C 5m D 5m RD E 5m F 5m RG G

+ Fy = 0 : RA = 1 RD RC

1 Unit load 0.228 0.678 1.0 0.929 0.542 Influence Line for RD 0.227 0.582 -0.032 -0.064 1.0 Influence line for RG

1.0

0.804 0.386 -0.156 -0.124

Influence line for Ay 80

Using equilibrium condition for the influence line for MA 1 x MA Ay A 5m B 5m C 5m D 5m RD E 5m F 5m RG G

+ M A = 0 : 1x 15RD 30 RC

10

15

20

25

30 1x

0.228 0.678

1.0 0.929 0.542 RD 0.227 0.582 1.0 RG x 30 x 15

-0.032 -0.064 2.54 1.75 -0.745 -0.59

Influence line for MA

81