SULIT SULIT 4541/1 Chemistry Kertas 1 2012 1 jam

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SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEBANGSAAN DERMA 01000 KANGAR,PERLIS PEPERIKSAAN AKHIR TAHUN TINGKATAN 4 2012
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CHEMISTRY
Kertas 1 Satu jam lima belas minit _____________________________________________________________ JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU
1. Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam dwibahasa

2. Soalan dalam bahasa Inggeris mendahului soalan yang sepadan dalam bahasa
Melayu

3. Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat di halaman belakang kertas soalan ini.

4. Disediakan oleh: Jaaizah bt Jaafar......................................................................... Guru mata pelajaran chemistry

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 23 halaman bercetak

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Which factor does not affect the rate of reaction?

Faktor manakah tidak mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas?

A B C D

Volume of the solution

Isipadu larutan

The presence of catalyst

Kehadiran mangkin

Concentration of the solution

Kepekatan larutan

Size of the solid reactant

Saiz pepejal bahan tindak balas

Which chemical equation is balanced?

Antara persamaan kimia berikut, yang manakah seimbang?

A B C D 3

Mg Li Mg Zn

+ + + +

O2 O2 HCl H2SO4

MgO Li2O MgCl2 ZnSO4

+ H2 + H2

Which of the following chemical formulae is correct?

Antara formula kimia berikut, yang manakah betul?

A B C D 4

Li2O KBr2 Al3Cl MgNO3

Which of the following is the use of carbon-14 isotope?

Antara berikut, yang manakah kegunaan isotop karbon-14?

A B C D

To treat cancer patient

Untuk merawat pesakit kanser

To estimate the age of fossils

Untuk menganggar usia fosil

To control the thickness of plastic

Untuk mengawal ketebalan plastik

To detect the leakage of underground pipes

Untuk mengesan kebocoran paip bawah tanah

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Diagram 1 shows the change of the state of matter.

Rajah 1 menunjukkan perubahan keadaan jirim.

Process P
Proses P

Diagram 1
Rajah 1

What is process P?
Apakah proses P?

A B C D

Boiling
Pendidihan

Melting
Peleburan

Freezing
Pembekuan

Sublimation
Pemejalwapan

Table 2 shows the electron arrangement of atoms W, X, Y and Z.

Jadual 2 menunjukkan susunan elektron bagi atom-atom W, X, Y dan Z.

Atom
Atom

Electron arrangement
Susunan elektron

W X Y Z Table 2
Jadual 2

2.1 2.2 2.8.4 2.8.6

Which of the following atoms is placed in Period 3 and Group 16 in the Periodic Table of Element?
Antara atom-atom berikut, yang manakah berada dalam Kala 3 dan Kumpulan 16 dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur?

A B C D

W X Y Z

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Diagram 2 shows the diffusion of bromine gas

Rajah 2 menunjukkan resapan gas bromin.

After a few minutes

Selepas beberapa minit

Brown gas
Gas perang

A drop of liquid bromine

Setitis cecair bromin

Observation
Pemerhatian

Diagram 2
Rajah 2

Which of the following statements explained the observation?

Antara pernyataan berikut, yang manakah menerangkan pemerhatian itu?

A B C D

Bromine particles move randomly

Zarah-zarah bromin bergerak secara rawak

Bromine particles is bigger than air particles

Zarah-zarah bromin lebih besar daripada zarah-zarah udara

Both bromine and air particles collide effectively

Kedua-dua zarah bromin dan udara berlanggar secara berkesan

Bromine particles move in empty spaces between air particles

Zarah-zarah bromin bergerak dalam ruang kosong antara zarah-zarah udara

The following chemical equation shows the reaction between magnesium and iron(II) sulphate solution.
Persamaan kimia berikut menunjukkan tindak balas antara magnesium dengan larutan ferum(II) sulfat.

Mg

FeSO4

MgSO4

Fe

Which of the following increases the frequency of effective collisions of the reacting particles?
Antara berikut yang manakah meningkatkan frekuensi perlanggaran berkesan bahan tindak balas?

A B

Increase the mass of magnesium

Menambahkan jisim magnesium

Decrease the size of magnesium

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Mengurangkan saiz magnesium

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C D

Increase the volume of iron(II) sulphate solution

Menambahkan isipadu larutan ferum(II) sulfat

Decrease the temperature of iron(II) sulphate solution

Merendahkan suhu larutan ferum(II) sulfat

Substance Q exists in solid state at 50C. Which of the following are the melting and boiling points of substance Q?
Bahan Q wujud dalam keadaan pepejalr pada suhu 50C. Antara berikut, yang manakah takat lebur dan takat didih bahan Q?

Melting point(C)
Takat lebur(C)

Boiling point(C)
Takat didih(C)

A B C D

80 10 -20 -13

196 45 10 55

10 Diagram 6 shows the cooling curve of molten naphthalene.

Rajah 6 menunjukkan lengkung penyejukan bagi leburan naftalena.

Temperature(oC)
Suhu(oC)

t1

t2 Diagram 6
Rajah 6

Time(min) Masa (min)

Which of the following statements explains about t1 to t2

Antara pernyataan berikut, yang manakah menerangkan tentang t1 ke t2?

A B C D

Heat is absorbed from the surroundings

Haba diserap dari persekitaran

All particles are closely packed together

Zarah-zarah tersusun dengan padat

The temperature decreases evenly

Suhu menurun secara seragam

Naphthalene exists as solid and liquid

Naftalena wujud sebagai pepejal dan cecair

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11 Which is true about relative atomic mass of an element? Manakah benar tentang jisim atom relatif suatu unsur? A The average mass of one atom of an element 1 X the mass of an atom of carbon - 12 12
Jisim purata satu atom unsur 1 X jisim satu atom karbon - 12 12

The average mass of one atom of an element The mass of an atom of carbon - 12
Jisim purata satu atom unsur Jisim satu atom karbon - 12

The average mass of one atom of an element 12 X the mass of an atom of carbon - 12
Jisim purata satu atom unsur 12 X jisim satu atom karbon - 12

carbon - 12 1 X 12 The average mass of one atom of an element

karbon - 12 1 X jisim purata satu atom unsur 12

12 What are the number of moles of Fe3+ and O2- in 0.2 moles of Fe2O3 ?
Berapakan bilangan mol Fe3+ dan O2- dalam 0.2 mol Fe2O3 ?

Number of moles of Fe3+

Bilangan mol Fe
3+

Number of moles of O2Bilangan mol O2-

A B C D

0.4 0.6 0.2 0.4

0.6 0.4 0.3 0.3

13 A sample of oxide of M contains 2.7 g of M and 2.4 g of oxygen. What is the empirical formula for this compound? [Relative atomic mass: O, 16; M, 27] Suatu sampel oksida M mengandungi 2.7 g M dan 2.4 g oksigen. Apakah formula empirik bagi sebatian ini? [Jisim atom relatif: O, 16; M, 27]

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A B C D M3O2 M2O3 MO2 MO

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14 The following chemical equation shows the reaction between sodium and oxygen.
Persamaan kimia berikut menunjukkan tindak balas antara natrium dan oksigen.

4Na +

O2

2Na2O

4.6 g of sodium burns completely with oxygen. What is the mass of the product? [Relative atomic mass: Na, 23; O, 16]
4.6 g natrium terbakar lengkap dengan oksigen. Berapakah jisim hasil tindak balas itu? [Jisim atom relatif: Na, 23; O, 16]

A B C D

6.2 g 7.8 g 12.4 g 24.8 g

15 The molecular formula of magnesium ethanoate is (CH3COO)2Mg. Calculate the relative molecular mass of magnesium ethanoate. [Relative atomic mass: H= 1, C= 12, O= 16, Mg= 24 ]
Formula molekul bagi magnesium etanoat ialah (CH3COO)2Mg. Hitungkan jisim molekul relatif bagi magnesium etanoat. [Jisim atom relatif: H= 1, C= 12, O= 16, Mg= 24]

A B C D

83 107 118 142

16 The following chemical equation shows the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid.
Persamaan kimia berikut menunjukkan tindak balas antara magnesium dan asid hidroklorik .

Mg

2HCl

MgCl2

H2

What is the minimum mass of magnesium required to react with excess hydrochloric acid when 360 cm3 of hydrogen gas is produced at room conditions? [Molar volume of gas =24 dm3 mol-1 at room conditions; Relative atomic mass: Mg = 24]
Berapakah jisim minimum magnesium yang diperlukan untuk bertindak balas dengan asid hidroklorik yang berlebihan apabila 360 cm3 gas hidrogen dihasilkan pada keadaan bilik? [Isipadu molar gas= 24 dm3 mol-1 pada keadaan bilik;

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Jisim atom relatif: Mg = 24]

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A B C D

0.24 g 0.36 g 3.60 g 8.64 g

17 Which substance contains the same number of atoms as in 0.5 mol of helium? [Avogadros constant: 6.02 X 1023 mol-1]
Bahan manakah yang mengandungi bilangan atom yang sama dengan 0.5 mol helium? [Pemalar Avogadros constant: 6.02 X 1023 mol-1]

A B C D

0.1 mol of oxygen

0.1 mol oksigen

0.1 mol of nitrogen

0.1 mol nitrogen

0.1 mol of methane

0.1 mol metana

0.1 mol of carbon dioxide

0.1 mol karbon dioksida

18 The following chemical equation shows the decomposition of calcium carbonate.

Persamaan kimia berikut menunjukkan penguraian kalsium karbonat.

CaCO3

CaO

+ CO2

What is the mass of calcium oxide formed when 5 g of calcium carbonate is heated strongly? [Relative atomic mass: C= 12, O= 16, Ca= 40]
Berapakah jisim kalsium oksida yang terbentuk apabila 5 g kalsium karbonat dipanaskan dengan kuat? [Jisim atom relatif: C= 12, O= 16, Ca= 40]

A B C D

0.28 g 2.80 g 4.60 g 8.90 g

19 How many molecules are there in 100 cm3 of chlorine gas at room conditions? [Avogadros constant: 6.02 X 1023 mol-1; Molar volume of gas= 24 dm3 mol-1 at room conditions]
Berapakah bilangan molekul dalam 100 cm3 gas klorin pada keadaan bilik?

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[Pemalar Avogadro: 6.02 X 1023 mol-1; Isipadu molar gas= 24 dm3 mol-1 pada keadaan bilik]

A B C D

2.51 X 1021 2.51 X 1024 6.02 X 1021 6.02 X 1025

20 Diagram 1 shows part of the steps in scientific method.

Rajah 1 menunjukkan sebahagian langkah-langkah dalam kaedah saintifik.

Identifying problem
Mengenal pasti masalah

Identifying variables
Mengenal pasti pemboleh ubah

Diagram 1
Rajah 1

What is step X ?
Apakah langkah X ?

A B C D

Making hypothesis
Membuat hipotesis

Collecting data
Mengumpul data

Controlling variables
Mengawal pemboleh ubah

Planning an experiment
Merancang eksperimen

21 Which of the following is the first step in scientific method ? A B C D Collecting data Making inference Making observation Controlling variables

22 The number of protons, electrons and neutrons for atoms P and Q are shown in the table below. Bilangan ptoton, bilangan elektron dan neutron bagi atom P dan Q ditunjukkan dalam jadual di bawah.

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SULIT Atom Atom P Q Number of protons Nombor proton 6 6

10 Number of electrons Bilangan electron 6 6

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Which statement is true ? Both atoms P and Q .. Pernyataan manakah yang benar? Kedua-dua atom P dan Q.. A are isotopes adalah isotop B have the same relative mass mempunyai jisim relatif yang sama C have similar physical properties mempunyai sifat fizik yang sama D can react with each other to form a compound boleh bertindak balas antara satu sama lain untuk membentuk sebatian 24 The diagram shows the standard representation for chromium. Gambarajah menunjukkan perwakilan piawai bagi kromium. 52

Cr
24

Which combination is true? Gabungan yang manakah benar? Proton number A B C D 24 24 28 52 Nucleon number 28 52 52 24 Number of electrons 24 24 28 52

25 Which of the following isotopes is used in archaeology? Yang manakah antara isotop berikut digunakan dalam arkeologi? A Phosphorus-32 Fosforus -32 SULIT

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Table 3 shows the information about two types of particle. Jadual 3 menunjukkan maklumat bagi dua jenis zarah . Particle Zarah S T Proton number Nombor proton 8 17 Table 3 Jadual 3 Based on the information in the table , both particles S and T are Berdasarkan maklumat dalam jadual , zarah S dan zarah T adalah A B C D noble gas gas adi negative ions ion negatif positive ions ion positif metal atoms atom-atom logam. Electron arrangement Susunan elektron 2.8 2.8.8

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Which of the following substances exists as atoms? Antara bahan berikut, yang manakah wujud sebagai atom? A B C D Carbon Oxygen Water Chlorine

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Diagram 2 shows the set-up of apparatus used to investigate diffusion in a solid. Rajah 2 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menyiasat resapan dalam pepejal.

Diagram 2

After a few days, the colourless solid gel turned blue. What can we deduce from the above investigation? Selepas beberapa hari, pepejal gel tanpa warna bertukar ke biru. Apakah yang dapat disimpulkan daripada penyiasatan di atas? A B C D Copper(II) sulphate dissolves in the gel Kuprum(II) sulfat larut dalam gel Copper(II) sulphate is less dense than the gel Kuprum(II) sulfat kurang tumpat daripada gel Copper(II) sulphate reacts with the gel to produce blue colour Kuprum(II) sulfat bertindak balas dengan gel menghasilkan warna biru Copper(II) sulphate particles diffuse through spaces between the gel particles Zarah-zarah kuprum(II) sulfat meresap melalui ruang di antara zarahzarah gel

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23 The symbol of sodium atom is 11 Na The nucleus of this atom contains 23 Simbol atom natrium adalah 11 Na

Nukleus atom ini mengandungi A B C D 31 10protons and 12 neutrons 11 neutrons and 12 protons 10 rotons and 12 electrons 9 neutrons and 11 electrons

What is the process in which a liquid changes to a solid? Apakah proses di mana suatu cecair bertukar kepada pepejal? A Condensation Kondensasi

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32 Flourine has a proton number of 9 and nucleon number of 19. What is the electron arrangement of the fluorine atom? Flourin mempunyai nombor proton 9 dan nombor nukleon 19. Apakah susunan elektron bagi atom flourin? A B C D 2.8.8.1 2.8.1 2.8 2.7

33Table 1 shows the melting points and boiling points for substances R, S, T and U.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan takat lebur dan takat didih bahan R, S, T dan U.

Substance
Bahan

Melting point(C)
Takat lebur(C)

Boiling point(C)
Takat didih(C)

R S T U

114 - 11 20 - 65 Table 1 Jadual 1

443 24 98 -8

Which substance exists as solid at 30 C ?

Bahan manakah merupakan pepejal pada suhu 30 C ?

A B C D

R S T U

34 The figure shows the model of an atom. Gambarajah menunjukkan sebuah model atom.

Nucleus that contains protons and neutrons Nukleus yang mengandungi proton dan neutron

Which scientist proposed this atomic model? Siapakah saintis yang mencadangkan model ini? A Neils Bohr B J.J Thomson

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Diagram 4 shows symbol of atom W . Rajah 4 menunjukkan simbol bagi atom W.

19
9

Diagram 4 Rajah 4 Which of the following represents the electron arrangements for the atom? Antara berikut, yang manakah mewakili susunan elektron bagi atom tesebut? A B

36. Diagram 10 shows the symbol for a lithium atom.

Rajah 10 menunjukkan simbol bagi atom litium.

7 3

Li

Diagram 10
Rajah 10

Which of the following is true?

Antara berikut, yang manakah benar?

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Proton number
Nombor proton

Nucleon number
Nombor nukleon

Number of electrons
Bilangan elektron

A B C D

3 3 4 7

4 7 7 3

3 3 4 7

37. Which of the following is true when liquid acetamide is cooled to room temperature and becomes solid?
Antara berikut, yang manakah benar apabila cecair asetamida disejukkan pada suhu bilik dan menjadi pepejal?

I II III IV A B C D

The temperature remains constant at its freezing point

Suhu tidak berubah pada takat beku

Heat energy is released to the surroundings

Tenaga haba dibebaskan ke persekitaran

Particles move further away from each other

Zarah-zarah bergerak semakin jauh dari satu sama lain

Kinetic energy of the particles increases

Tenaga kinetik zarah-zarah bertambah

I and II only
I dan II sahaja

I and III only

I dan III sahaja

III and IV only

III dan IV sahaja

I, II and III only

I, II dan III sahaja

3 8

Diagram 4 shows the electron arrangement of atom Z. Rajah 4 menunjukkan susunan elektron bagi atom Z.

Diagram 4 Rajah 4 How many protons are there in the nucleus of atom Z? Berapakah bilangan proton yang terdapat dalam nukleus atom Z? A 2 B 3 C 5 D 7 4541/1 SULIT

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39 Diagram 13 shows symbol of two isotopes of bromine atom.

Rajah 13 menunjukkan simbol dua isotop bagi atom bromin.

79

Br X Y
Diagram 13
Rajah 13

81 X

Br

Bromine-79 has 44 neutrons. Calculate the number of neutrons in Bromine-81.

Bromin-79 mempunyai 44 neutron. Hitung bilangan neutron dalam Bromin-81.

A B C D

35 37 46 90

40

Diagram 1 shows the atomic symbol of element X Rajah 1 menunjukkan simbol atom bagi unsur X

19 9

Diagram 1 Rajah 1 Which of the following represents 19? Antara berikut, apakah yang diwakili oleh angka 19? A Proton number nombor proton B Nucleon number nombor nukleon C Number of neutrons bilangan neutron D Number of electrons bilangan elektron

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42 Table 4 shows the number of electrons and neutrons for ions R2- , T- , Y+ and Z2+. These letters are not the actual symbols for the elements. Ion R2TY+ Z2+ Which of the following is correct? A B C D Ion R2TY+ Z2+ Nucleon number 18 21 21 24 Number of electron 10 10 10 10 TABLE 4 Number of neutron 8 10 12 12

43. Substance X exists in liquid state at room temperature. Which of the following is the most probable melting and boiling points for X? Melting point/C Boiling point/C A -200 -15 -117 TheB graph shows the cooling curve 78 naphthalene. of C -17 20 Graf menunjukkan lengkung penyejukan naftalena D 60 100 Temperature/C

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Suhu/C

PX

Time/s

Masa/s
Why is curve Q obtained in the graph?

Kenapa keluk Q terhasil pada graf?

A B C D 45 Naphtalene is cooled in impurity state

Naftalena disejukkan dalam keadaan tidak tulen

Naphtalene evaporate during cooling process

Naftalena meruap semasa proses penyejukan

Naphtalene is not stirred during cooling process

Naftalena tidak dikacau semasa proses penyejukan

Naphtalene freezes after achieving its freezing point

Naftalena membeku selepas mencapai takat beku

The diagram shows the change of the state of matter.

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Rajah menunjukkan perubahan keadaan jirim

Process P

Proses P
Which of the following is process P?
Antara berikut, yang manakah proses P?

A B C D

Boiling

Pendidihan
Melting

Peleburan
Freezing

Pembekuan
Sublimation

Pemejalwapan

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Diagram 9 shows the set-up of apparatus used to study the rate of reaction of marble chips and nitric acid. Rajah 9 menunjukkan susunan radas yang digunakan untuk mengkaji kadar tindak balas antara ketulan marmar dengan asid nitrik

Diagram 9 Rajah 9 The rate of reaction in this experiment can be increased by Kadar tindak balas bagi eksperimen ini boleh ditingkatkan dengan using the smaller sizes of marble chips menggunakan saiz ketulan marmar yang lebih kecil B using a larger conical flask. menggunakan kelalang kon yang lebih besar C adding water to the nitric acid. 48 Excess zinc granules are added toasid cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid. The hydrogen menambahkan air ke dalam 50 nitrik gas decreasing the temperature of the nitric acid D evolved is collected at 30 second intervals. The results are tabulated in Table 4. 3 -3 Butiran zink yang berlebihan nitrik merendahkan suhu asid ditambahkan kepada 50 cm asid hiroklorik 0.1 mol dm . Keputusan dicatatkan di dalam Jadual 4. 47 Effective collision is the collision where Perlanggaran berkesan ialah perlanggaran yang Time /s 0 30 60 90 120 150 A its energy is less than the activation energy and with correct orientation Masa/s tenaganya kurang H /cm3 tenaga pengaktifan dan18 dalam orientasi yang betul. Total volume of daripada 0 11 22 24 24 2 B has a low isipadu H /cm3 Jumlah energy 2 mempunyai tenaga yang rendah Table 4 C its energy is equal to the activation energy 4 Jadual tenaganya sama dengan dengan tenaga pengaktifan D its energy is greater than the activationresults of this the correct orientation What information can you obtain from the energy with experiment? tenaganya lebih besar daripada tenaga pengaktifan dan eksperimen ini? Apakah maklumat yang boleh diperolehi daripada keputusan dalam orientasi yang betul No hydrogen gas is released after 120 seconds Tiada gas hidrogen dibebaskan selepas 120 saat II The average rate of reaction is 0.16 cm3 s-1 Purata kadar tindak balas ialah 0.16 cm3 s-1 III The total volume of hydrogen gas collected is 99 cm3 Jumlah isipadu gas yang terkumpul ialah 99 cm3 IV The rate of hydrogen gas released decreases with time Kadar pembebasan gas berkurang dengan masa A IV only 4541/1 B I and IV C I, II and IV D I, III and IV I
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PAPER 2 SECTION A 1.
Diagram 1 shows the arrangement of particles of substance X at different temperatures.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan susunan zarah bahan X pada suhu yang berbeza.

60 oC

Diagram 1
Rajah 1

90 oC

(a) What is the physical state of substance X at

Apakah keadaan fizikal bahan X pada

(i)

60 oC

: ......................................................................... : ......................................................................... [2 marks]

(ii) 90 oC

(b) State the movement of particles of substance X at 60 oC.

Nyatakan pergerakan zarah bahan X pada 60 oC.

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............ [1 mark] (b) Graph 1 shows the graph of temperature against time when substance X is heated from 60 oC to 90 oC.
Graf 1 menunjukkan graf suhu melawan masa bila bahanX dipanaskan dari 60 oC kepada 90 oC. .

Temperature/oC Suhu/ oC 90 78 60 t0 t1 t2 Graph 1 (i) What is meant by melting point?

Graf 1 Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan takat lebur?

t3

Time/s
Masa/s

.. .. [1 mark] (ii) Based on Graph 1, state the melting point of substance X.

Berdasarkan Graf 1, nyatakan takat lebur bahan X.

.. [1 mark] (iii) Explain why the temperature remains constant from t1 to t2.
Terangkan mengapa suhu tidak berubah dari t1 hingga t2.

.............................................................................................................................. ..... .............................................................................................................................. ..... [2 marks] (d) (i) Substance X cannot conduct electricity in any state. State the type of particles of substance X.
Bahan X tidak mengkonduksikan elektrik dalam semua keadaan. Nyatakan jenis zarah bagi bahan X.

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.............................................................................................................................. ..... [1 mark] (ii) Table 1 shows two substances.

Jadual 1 menunjukkan dua bahan.

Magnesium oxide Carbon dioxide Table 1

Jadual 1

Which substance has the same type of particles as substance X? Tick ( ) the correct answer.
Bahan manakah mempunyai jenis zarah yang sama dengan bahan X? Tanda ( ) jawapan yang betul.

[1 mark]

2.

Diagram 1 shows the symbols which represent four elements W, Q, R and S.

Rajah 1 menunjukkan simbol yang mewakili empat unsur W, Q, R dan S.

Diagram 1
Rajah 1

(a) (i)

What is the nucleon number for W?

Apakah nombor nukleon bagi W?

..... [1 mark] (ii) Write the electron arrangement of atom W.

Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom W.

..... [1 mark]

(iii) State the position of element R in Periodic Table of Elements. Explain your
answer.
Nyatakan kedudukan unsur R dalam Jadual Berkala Berkala. Jelaskan jawapan anda.

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.. .. .. [3 marks] (b) (i) State the atoms that are isotopes.

Nyatakan atom atom yang merupakan isotop.

...................
...

[1 mark] (ii) State the reason for your answer in (b)(i).

Nyatakan sebab bagi jawapan anda di (b)(i).

... [1 mark] (c) Which elements in Diagram 1 is a monoatomic gas? Explain your answer.
Antara unsurunsur dalam Rajah 1, yang manakah gas monoatom? Terangkan jawapan anda.

... . ..... ..... [2 marks]

Diagram 1.1 shows the inter-conversion of the two states of matter of substance Q.

Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan perubahan dua keadaan jirim bagi bahan Q.

Process X

Solid Q
Pepejal Q

Proses X
Process Y

Gas Q
Gas Q

Proses Y
Diagram 1.1

Rajah 1.1
(a) Name process X.

Namakan proses X. 4541/1 SULIT

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. [1 mark] (b) When substance Q changes from gas to solid, state the change in term of :

Apabila bahan Q berubah daripada keadaan gas kepada pepejal, nyatakan perubahan dari segi :
(i) The energy of the particles

Tenaga kinetik zarah-zarah

... [1 mark] (ii) The forces of attraction between the particles

Daya tarikan antara zarah-zarah

... [1 mark]

(c)

Draw the arrangement of particles of substance Q in solid state.

Lukiskan susunan zarah-zarah bahan Q dalam keadaan pepejal.

[1 mark] (d) Diagram 1.2 and Diagram 1.3 shows the apparatus set up of two experiments.

Rajah 1.2 dan Rajah 1.3 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi dua eksperimen. blue colour of copper(II) sulphate crystal spreads water throughout the water after 1 hour air warna biru hablur kuprum(II) sulfat merebak selepas 1 jam blue colour of copper(II) copper(II) sulphate ke seluruh air gel sulphate crystal spreads crystal throughout the gel hablur kuprum(II) agarsulfat agar warna biru hablur after 3 days kuprum(II) sulfat merebak selepas 3 hari 4541/1copper(II) sulphate SULIT ke seluruh agar-agar crystal hablur kuprum(II) sulfat

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Diagram 1.2

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Rajah 1.2

Diagram 1.3

Rajah 1.3
(i) State the name of the process involved in both experiments.

Nyatakan nama proses yang terlibat dalam kedua-dua eksperimen.

. [1 mark] (ii) State the type of particles in copper(II) sulphate crystal.

Nyatakan jenis zarah yang terdapat dalam hablur kuprum(II) sulfat.

. [1 mark]

(iii)

Based on Diagram 1.2 and Diagram 1.3, explain the differences in the observation by using kinetic theory of matter.

Berdasarkan Rajah 1.2 dan Rajah 1.3, terangkan perbezaan dalam pemerhatian dengan menggunakan teori kinetik jirim.
. . . . Copper(II) oxide [3 marks] Combustion tube Kuprum(II) oksida Tiub pembakaran Hydrogen flame Hydrogen gas Nyalaan hidrogen Gas hidrogen

Dilute 4 hydrochloric acid shows an experiment to determine the empirical formula of copper (II) oxide. Diagram 1 Rajah 1 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk menentukan formula empirik kuprum (II) Asid hidroklorik cair oksida. Asbestos paper Kertas asbestos Heat Panaskan Anhydrous calcium chloride

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Zinc pieces Ketulan zink

Kalsium klorida kontang

DIAGRAM / RAJAH 1

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Result : Keputusan : Mass of combustion tube + asbestos paper Jisim tiub pembakaran + kertas asbestos = 58.36 g = 91.96 g

Mass of combustion tube + asbestos paper + copper (II) oxide Jisim tiub pembakaran + kertas asbestos+ kuprum (II) oksida Mass of combustion tube + asbestos paper + copper Jisim tiub pembakaran + kertas asbestos+ kuprum (a)

= 85.24 g

What is meant by empirical formula? Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan formula empirik? . [1 mark]

(b)

What is the function of anhydrous calcium chloride? Apakah fungsi kalsium klorida kontang? . [1 mark]

(c)

How to ensure that the combustion tube has been totally filled with hydrogen gas? Bagaimana untuk memastikan bahawa tiub pembakaran telah dipenuhi dengan gas hidrogen? . . [2 marks]

(d)

Based on the above results, Berdasarkan keputusan di atas, (i) Calculate the mass of copper and the mass of oxygen that have reacted. Hitungkan jisim kuprum dan jisim oksigen yang bertindak balas.

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[1 mark] (ii) Calculate the mole ratio of copper atoms to oxygen atoms. Hitungkan nisbah mol bagi atom kuprum kepada atom oksigen. [ Relative atomic mass / Jisim atom relatif : O = 16 ; Cu = 64 ]

[1 mark] (iii) Determine the empirical formula of copper (II) oxide. Tentukan formula empirik kuprum (II) oksida.

[1 mark] (iv) Write the chemical equation for the reaction in the experiment. Tulis persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas dalam eksperimen tersebut. [1 mark]

(e)

Does this method suitable to determine the empirical formula of aluminium oxide? Explain your answer. Adakah kaedah ini sesuai untuk menentukan formula empirik bagi aluminium oksida. Jelaskan jawapan anda. . . [2 marks]

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10 (a) A student carried out two experiments to investigate the effects of the factors influencing the rate of reaction. Table 10 shows the results of the experiments. Seorang pelajar telah menjalankan dua eksperimen untuk menyiasat kesan faktorfaktor yang menpengaruhi kadar sesuatu tindak balas. Jadual 10 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen. Experiment Volume of hydrogen gas /cm3

1 g magnesium ribbon / 1g pita magnesium I 3 minutes 60

Hydrochloric acid 1 mol dm-3 in excess / acid hidroklorik 1 mol dm-3 berlebihan

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1 g magnesium ribbon / 1g pita magnesium II 5 minutes 60

Hydrochloric acid 0.5 mol dm-3 in excess / TABLE acid hidroklorik 0.5 mol dm-3 10 / JADUAL 10 berlebihan (i) Write the chemical equation for the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid. Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas antara magnesium dan asid hidroklorik. [2 marks] (ii) Calculate the average rate of reaction for Experiment I and II Hitungkan kadar tindak balas purata untuk Eksperimen I and II [2 marks] (iii) Sketch the graphs of the volume of hydrogen gas against time for Experiment I and II Lakarkan graf isipadu gas hidrogen melawan masa bagi Eksperimen I and II [2 marks] Compare the rate of reaction between Experiment I and Experiment II. By referring to the Collision Theory, explain why there are differences in the rate of reaction in the experiment. Bandingkan kadar tindak balas antara Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II. Dengan merujuk kepada Teori Perlanggaran, terangkan kenapa terdapat perbezaan dalam kadar tindak balas dalam eksperimen itu [4 marks] Marble reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to liberate carbon dioxide gas Marmar bertindak balas dengan asid hidroklorik membebaskan gas karbon dioksida (i) Describe how you can carry out an experiment to determine the rate of liberation of carbon dioxide gas at 60 seconds. Huraikan bagaimana anda menjalankan eksperimen untuk menentukan kadar tindak balas pembebasan gas karbon dioksida pada saat ke 60. [8 marks] State two ways to increase the rate of reaction in the experiment but the maximum volume of carbon dioxide gas collected remains unchanged.

(iv)

(b)

(ii)

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Nyatakan dua cara untuk meningkatkan kadar tindak balas dalam eksperimen itu tetapi isipadu maksimum gas karbon dioksida yang dibebaskan tidak berubah

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[2 marks]

1.

Diagram 7, shows 3 state of matter that is P, Q and R. Rajah 7 menunjukkan 3 keadaan jirim, iaitu P, Q dan R. P Q R

Diagram 7 Rajah 7 (a) Based on Diagram 7, what is state of matter for P, Q and R.? Berdasarkan rajah 7, apakah keadaan jirim bagi P, Q dan R? [3 marks] [3 markah]

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(b )

By using the kinetic theory of matter, explain how the following occurs. Dengan menggunakan teori kinetik jirim, huraikan bagaimana perubahan di bawah berlaku. P change to Q P berubah ke Q ii. P change to R P berubah ke R iii. Q change to P Q berubah ke P In your explanation include the process occurs, the energy contents and the movement of the particles. Huraian anda mestilah meliputi proses yang telibat, kandungan tenaga dan pergerakan jirim. [9 marks] [9 markah] i.

(c)

When 31.0g copper carbonate, CuCO3 is heated, copper oxide, CuO and carbon dioxide gas, CO2 was formed in room temperature. Apabila 31.0g kuprum karbonat, CuCO3 dipanaskan kuprum oksida, CuO dan gas karbon dioksida, CO2 dihasilkan pada keadaan bilik. [ Relative atomic mass: O, 16; C, 12; Cu, 64; 1 mole of gas occupies a volume of 24.0dm3 in room condition ] [ Jisim atom relative: O, 16; Cu, 64; 1 mol gas menempati isipadu 24.0dm3 pada keadaan bilik] i. Write the chemical equation for the above reaction. Tulis persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas di atas. [2 marks] [2 markah] ii. Calculate the mass of copper oxide produced. Kira jisim kuprum oksida yang dihasilkan. [3 marks] [3 markah] iii. Calculate the volume of carbon dioxide gas produced in cm3. Kira isipadu gas karbon dioksida yang dihasilkan dalam unit cm3. [ 3 marks] [3 markah

10 (a) A student carried out two experiments to investigate the effects of the factors influencing the rate of reaction. Table 10 shows the results of the experiments. Seorang pelajar telah menjalankan dua eksperimen untuk menyiasat kesan faktorfaktor yang menpengaruhi kadar sesuatu tindak balas. Jadual 10 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen. Experiment Volume of hydrogen gas /cm3

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1 g magnesium ribbon / 1g pita magnesium I 3 minutes 60

Hydrochloric acid 1 mol dm-3 in excess / acid hidroklorik 1 mol dm-3 berlebihan 1 g magnesium ribbon / 1g pita magnesium II 5 minutes 60

Hydrochloric acid 0.5 mol dm-3 in excess / acidTABLE 10 / 0.5 mol dm-3 hidroklorik JADUAL 10 berlebihan (v) Write the chemical equation for the reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid. Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas antara magnesium dan asid hidroklorik. [2 marks] (vi) Calculate the average rate of reaction for Experiment I and II Hitungkan kadar tindak balas purata untuk Eksperimen I and II [2 marks] (vii) Sketch the graphs of the volume of hydrogen gas against time for Experiment I and II Lakarkan graf isipadu gas hidrogen melawan masa bagi Eksperimen I and II [2 marks] Compare the rate of reaction between Experiment I and Experiment II. By referring to the Collision Theory, explain why there are differences in the rate of reaction in the experiment. Bandingkan kadar tindak balas antara Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II. Dengan merujuk kepada Teori Perlanggaran, terangkan kenapa terdapat perbezaan dalam kadar tindak balas dalam eksperimen itu [4 marks]

(viii)

Marble reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to liberate carbon dioxide gas

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Marmar bertindak balas dengan asid hidroklorik membebaskan gas karbon dioksida

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(iii)

Describe how you can carry out an experiment to determine the rate of liberation of carbon dioxide gas at 60 seconds. Huraikan bagaimana anda menjalankan eksperimen untuk menentukan kadar tindak balas pembebasan gas karbon dioksida pada saat ke 60. [8 marks] State two ways to increase the rate of reaction in the experiment but the maximum volume of carbon dioxide gas collected remains unchanged. Nyatakan dua cara untuk meningkatkan kadar tindak balas dalam eksperimen itu tetapi isipadu maksimum gas karbon dioksida yang dibebaskan tidak berubah [2 marks]

(iv)

END OF QUESTION PAPER KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

MAKLUMAT UNTUK CALON

1. 2. 3.

This question paper consists of 50 questions. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 50 soalan. Answer all questions. Jawab semua soalan. Each question is followed by four alternative answers, A, B, C or D. For each question, choose one answer only. Blacken your answer on the objective answer sheet provided.

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Tiap-tiap soalan diikuti oleh empat pilihan jawapan, iaitu A, B, C dan D. Bagi setiap soalan, pilih satu jawapan sahaja. Hitamkan jawapan anda pada kertas jawapan objektif yang disediakan. 4. If you wish to change your answer, erase the blackened mark that you have made. Then blacken the new answer. Jika anda hendak menukar jawapan, padamkan tanda yang telah dibuat. Kemudian hitamkan jawapan yang baru. The diagrams in the questions provided are not drawn to scale unless stated. Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator. Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogram.

5. 6.

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