Exam Name___________________________________ MULTIPLE CHOICE.

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1)

What is energy?

1)

______ _ A )

a t apacit re of h y to m e cause c e al move a c ment or sie u s

a measure of disorder D)

the capacity to perform work E)

metabolism 2)

The energy of motion is ______ energy.

2)

______ _ A )

potential

B)

conserved

C)

kinetic

D)

created

E) s t r d

The principl e that energy cannot be created or destroy ed is known as ______.

3)

______ _ A )

cio e tropy o n n n of se e n rer v g a y t

interconversio n D)

potential E)

energy

conservation 4)

of heat

A rock on the top of a mountai n contain s ______ energy.

4)

______ _ A )

motion

B)

no

C)

potential

D)

conserved

E) k i e i c

You are riding on your bike and stop pedalin g, coastin g along the road. Eventua lly, your bike slows down and stops. What happen ed to the energy of your motion when your bike stopped ?

5)

______ _ A )

I d I sed to ta t chemi s wcally w a break ki a s down n set the ic u tires. se tn o er rg e y.

It was D)

converted back to chemical energy.

It was E)

returned to the bicycle.

It was 6)

released as heat.

Which of the followin g is a measur e of disorder ?

6)

______ _ A )

rir c ervati e o on of at sio n energ p sy n

kinetic energy D)

entropy E)

potential 7)

energy

Glucose molecul es provide energy to power the swimmi ng motion of sperm. In this exampl e, the sperm are changin g ______.

7)

______ _ A )

cy c l h h energ in e e y into to m m p kineti i ot i c ce c energ a ay nt l ia l e e n n e er rg g y

kinetic energy into chemical energy D)

kinetic energy into potential energy E)

none of the 8)

above

Humans convert approxi mately ______ of the energy stored in food to useful work.

8)

______ _ A )

99.9%

B)

20%

C)

40%

D)

60%

E) 8 0

Ten kilocalo ries are equival ent to ______ calories.

9)

______ _ A )

1,000

B)

100

C)

10,000

D)

0.01

E) 0 . 10)

You have a 2-liter bottle of liquid water at 0C. About how many Calories are needed to heat up the water to 100C?

10)

______ A )

1 1000 Ca 0 0Calor lor 0 , ies ies

200 Calories D)

2,000 Calories E)

2 Calories 11)

What compou nd directly provide s energy for cellular work?

11)

______ A )

DNA

B)

ATP

C)

sucrose

D)

C6H12O6

E) f a 12)

Energy is transfer red from ATP to other molecul es by transfer ring a(n) ______.

12)

______ A )

srin a enosi p dne g

phosphate D)

group

heat unit E)

photon 13)

Anythin g that prevent s ATP formati on will most likely ______.

13)

______ A )

f ell f e cell oto o to rrel r rely cy c on eon e lipids AD for tP t ener h hgy for een er cgy

result in cell death D)

have no effect on the cell E)

result in the 14)

conversion of kinetic energy to potential energy

Usually, enzyme s are ______.

14)

______ A )

sroi m osacc tds o harid e nes

phospholipids D)

fats E)

proteins 15)

The sum total of all the chemic al reaction s that occur in organis ms is called ______.

15)

______ A )

m c lular bo elis e synth tm l esis a

replication D)

inheritance E)

summation 16)

Enzyme s increas e the rate of a reaction by ______.

16)

______ A )

che i ng h nthe pH aof c temp n r eratu th g e re of e i su a the n s subst bs g i rates tra te ts

contributing water to the reaction D)

contributing E)

electrons to the reaction

decreasing 17)

activation energy

Which one of the followin g is true?

17)

______ A )

A M un enzy n o mes cti on s are ere t lipids n qu . zire ys m in ehi ' bit sor s. f

Enzymes D)

catalyze specific reactions.

Enzymes are the reactants in a chemical reaction. E)

Enzymes are 18)

the products in a chemical reaction.

An enzyme 's function is depend ent on its ______.

18)

______ A )

p s hape H

weight D)

temperature E)

size 19)

Which compon ent of the followin g reaction is the enzyme ? sucrose + sucrase + water sucrase + glucose + fructose

19)

______ A )

sucrose

B)

water

C)

sucrase

D)

glucose

E) f r c o s 20)

The region of an enzyme to which a substrat e binds is called the ______ site.

20)

______ A )

ativ dnatur ce e ed

substrate D)

conformationa l E)

enzymatic 21)

Which compon ent of the followin g reaction is the substrat e? sucrose + sucrase + water sucrase + glucose + fructose

21)

______ A )

sro f uctos u re se c

glucose D)

sucrase E)

There is no 22)

substrate in this reaction.

Which one of the followin g is true?

22)

______ A )

E E are an n nused ge zd z up in yfro y chem m m m ical eth e reacti se s ons. re eac m tio ens rth g ey eca tal cyz h e.

An enzyme's function depends on its three-dimensional shape. D)

Enzymes work generally on a broad range of substrates. E)

An enzyme 23)

binds to its substrate at the enzyme's substrate site.

Substan ces that plug up an enzyme 's active site are ______.

23)

______ A )

e in e yme n nprod hi zbit z ucts yor m s e

enzyme D)

substrates

reactants E)

induced fit 24)

factors

Which one of the followin g is most similar to the mechan ism of an enzyme inhibitor ?

24)

______ A )

f to dhe opu r wron rt a i g g v way ca ep i on a tba nonetck gway i on stree n tt a g pe n

combining D)

new ingredients in a new recipe

keeping E)

someone from parking by parking in their designated spot

changing the 25)

tires on a car

Diffusio n is an exampl e of ______.

25)

______ A )

ae e ocyto ctra x sis tns i po vrt

passive D)

transport

endocytosis E)

phagocytosis 26)

Diffusio n ______.

26)

______ A )

i f r s an sth e input e qof tpo ucellul h i ar te enti r ener al e gy ren eer sgy u of l at to m os

occurs when spread from areas where they are less concentrated to areas where they are more particles concentrated D)

is driven by an input of cellular energy E)

proceeds until equilibrium is reached 27)

Facilitat ed diffusio n across a biologic al membr ane requires ______ and moves a substan ce ______ its concent ration gradien t.

27)

______ A )

ean e rgy . n n. . sp eort e down rpr g ot yei ns a. . n . d ag ai tns rt

transport D)

proteins . . . against

energy and E)

transport proteins . . . down

transport 28)

proteins . . . down

Osmosi s can be defined as ______.

28)

______ A )

ton e docyt h nosis of eno np d ol i ar fm f ol u ec sul i es

the diffusion of a solute D)

active E)

transport

the diffusion of water 29)

A balloon permea ble to water but not to glucose contain s a 10% glucose solution .A beaker contain s a 5% glucose solution . Which of the followin g is true?

29)

______ A )

W T n the e h hballo ba ello e on is n on isoto wil s nic; p o the l l ex l soluti ape uon in crie t the enc i beak d o er is e ne nhype i ith rtoni n i c. er a tne h t ega in b no er a ane kt elos rs , of wa tter h .

When placed in the beaker, the balloon will lose water by osmosis. D)

The solution in the beaker is hypertonic relative to the solution in the balloon. E)

The solution in the balloon is hypertonic relative to the solution in the beaker. 30)

When two solution s that differ in solute concent ration are placed on either side of a selectiv ely permea ble membr ane, and osmosis is allowed to take place, the water will ______.

30)

______ A )

ent e qual xto x move h hment th i e i in b bboth sid i e i direc twi t tions th acros alo a s the we nmem n r bran esol e e tut e m co onc ven etra m tio en

not cross the membrane D)

exhibit a net movement to the side with lower water concentration E)

exhibit a net 31)

movement to the side with higher water concentration

A cell that neither gains nor loses water when it is immers ed in a solution is ______.

31)

______ A )

h i nic to c yto s its p o envir its een t onme rvir o nt ton om n en it

hypotonic to its environment D)

dead E)

metabolically 32)

inactive

Some protozo ans have special organell es called contract ile vacuole s that continu ally eliminat e excess water from the cell. The presenc e of these organell es tells you that the environ ment ______.

32)

______ A )

i ic c igher sto o conc th nentra i e t tion spr a of oot i solut toz nes ooa s than n n the a proto zoan h

is hypotonic to the protozoan D)

is hypertonic to the protozoan E)

none of the 33)

above

If placed in tap water, an animal cell will undergo lysis, wherea sa plant cell will not. What account s for this differen ce?

33)

______ A )

trm t e h hinela ea ebil e sticit ity y and rof r stren eth e gth l e l of apl a the tan t plant i t i cell vcelv wall el wa i ll m to p wa eter

the fact that plant cells are isotonic to tap water D)

expulsion of E)

water by the plant cell's central vacuole

the relative 34)

impermeability of the plant cell membrane to water

In a hypoton ic solution , a plant cell will ______.

34)

______ A )

u pl burst n as d m eol rysi g s o

become turgid D)

pump out E)

excess water

become 35)

flaccid

Which of the followin g process es could result in the net movem ent of a substan ce into a cell, if the substan ce is more concent rated in the cell than in the surroun dings?

35)

______ A )

ae f litate ctra a d tns c diffus i po i ion vrt

diffusion D)

plasmolysis E)

osmosis 36)

Active transpo rt ______.

36)

______ A )

ce r s the ath e cell n qto e tra uexpe i ns i nd n r ener po vrt e gy oof l io vns

uses ATP as an energy source D)

can move E)

solutes against their concentration gradient

all of the 37)

above

______ is to eating as ______ is to drinking .

37)

______ A )

A Dsion . an csp i . . tort f endo i . . f cytos v. uis edif fu tsio rn

Phagocytosis . . . pinocytosis D)

Cell pumping . . . endocytosis E)

Endocytosis . . . exocytosis 38)

Certain cells that line the stomac h synthesi ze a digestiv e enzyme and secrete it into the stomac h. This enzyme is a protein. Which of the followin g process es could be respons ible for its secretio n?

38)

______ A )

p e docyt ve atra nosis sns spo i rt

exocytosis D)

pinocytosis E)

diffusion 39)

The act of a white blood cell engulfin ga bacteriu m is ______.

39)

______ A )

p r orcy i to e medi n c ated sis o e endo pcytos t is

diffusion D)

phagocytosis E)

osmosis 40)

Relayin ga messag e from a recepto r protein to a molecul e that perform sa specific function within a cell is called ______.

40)

______ A )

sve s al epe i trans l rm gducti eea non cbil tity i

competition D)

inhibition E)

self41)

recognition

Which of the followin g is most like a signal transdu ction pathwa y in a cell?

41)

______ A )

ath c g fish er a using p ta wa eter c fishin r, h g smi i pole olk, n n an d m ca i ke xmi ix n to g m ak te oa g ca eke

a person D)

answering the door to their home after someone rings the doorbell

a person E)

parking a car in a parking space

a physician 42)

removing a thorn from a person's foot

The figure below shows that ______.

42)

______ A )

A A cellu s D Dlar m Poo P work th when i m c it sol a binds ec nto an aul additi e ponal e phos r phat fe o grou rp m

ATP can D)

perform cellular work when it releases a phosphate group

ATP can be E)

converted to ADP by adding a phosphate group

energy is 43)

released from ATP during the process of cellular respiration

Examin e the cells below. Cells with a higher concent ration of ions than the surroun ding medium tend to ______.

43)

______ A )

she divide tsa am ye siz ae b an od u sh tap e t

expand D)

merge with E)

other cells

shrink 44)

Examin e the followin g figure. Imagine that cell signalin g using a signal transdu ction pathwa y is like a person answeri ng the door after hearing the doorbell ring. Which structur e in this figure is like the button for the doorbell ?

44)

______ A )

tep t ydrol h hysis tor epr e of ot glyco rei hgen en c

the plasma D)

membrane

epinephrine E)

proteins of the signal transduction pathway Read the following scenario to answer the following question(s). Cellular respiration converts the energy of fuel molecules to a form of energy that a cell can use to perform work. In an average day, most adult humans need to consume about 2,000 Calories to maintain their health. However, the exact amount of dietary Calories a person needs depends upon many factors, including the persons age, physical activity, size, and health. Foods that we consume vary greatly in their nutritional content and quality. A large hard-boiled egg, for example, has about 75 dietary Calories and contains about 70% of our recommended daily intake of cholesterol. 45)

Molecul es that come from the food we eat provide energy for the amazin g work that goes on inside of our cells. This energy, stored inside of our food, is a form of ______.

45)

______ A )

p pener en oer o gy tgy t calle ecale d n nchem le td t ical i en i ener atro a gy l py l

electrical D)

energy called heat

kinetic energy called entropy E)

kinetic energy called heat 46)

If a person eats one hardboiled egg and digests the egg fully, cellular respirati on will convert most of this energy into ______.

46)

______ A )

A water TP

carbon dioxide D)

heat E)

sugars 47)

The amount of dietary Calories in one hardboiled egg could raise the temper ature of ______.

47)

______ A )

1 w 7ms of 0 5water at er 0by 1 g by degr r1 gee ade r Celsi m a us gr see Ce olsi f us

7,500 grams of water by 50 degrees Celsius D)

1,000 grams of water by 75 degrees Celsius E)

75 grams of

water by 1 degree Celsius

1)

D 2)

C 3)

A 4)

C 5)

E 6)

D 7)

B 8)

C 9)

C 10)

C 11)

B 12)

C 13)

C 14)

E 15)

A 16)

E 17)

C 18)

B 19)

C 20)

A 21)

A 22)

C 23)

A 24)

D 25)

C 26)

E 27)

E 28)

E 29)

E 30)

D 31)

B 32)

C 33)

B 34)

C 35)

A 36)

E 37)

C 38)

C 39)

D 40)

B 41)

C 42)

C 43)

C 44)

A 45)

B 46)

D 47)