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Undeniable Evidence: The Holy Quran & Modern Science

Muhammad Ali Riaz

For my grandfather who always tried to direct me and who inspired this project. May Allah Almighty elevate his status in the hereafter (Ameen).

Index
Prologue

Cosmology

1- The Big Bang 09 2- Expansion of the Universe 11 3- Celestial Matter 13 4- Light of the Moon 14 5- Sun & the Moons Orbits 16 6- Travelling Galaxies. 18 7- Bridges of Matter. 20 8- Other Worlds 21 9- Space Exploration... 23 10Iron from Heavens.. 25

Embryology

1- Stages of Development.. 28 2- Sex of the Child 30 3- Location of the Gonads.. 32 4- Development of Senses..33 5- Formation of Sperm 34

6- Fertilization... 35 7- Delivery..37 8- Partly Formed Partly Unformed..38

Geology

1- Shape of the Earth.. 40 2- Functions of Mountains.. 42 3- Water Cycle.. 44 4- Water Barriers.. 47 5- Deep Sea Conditions.. 49 6- Subatomic Particles 51

Biology

1- Pain Receptors 53 2- Fingerprints.. 54 3- Role of Water... 55 4- Honeys Healing Powers 56 5- Pairing... 57 6- Flight of Birds... 59 7- Bees & Ants.. 60

Prologue
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious and the Most Merciful. I greet all of my readers with the Islamic greeting Assalam o Alaikum (May peace and blessing of Allah be upon you)

A while back I was asked a question by my grandfather. He asked me

Why are we Muslims?

I thought about it for a while when no immediate flash of inspiration came to my rescue, I simply hung my head. Afterwards I slid the question under the rug and didnt pay it a second thought.

Only after my grandfathers death a couple of years later did I actually start to reflect on that particular question. The answer when it came to me left me rather disturbed. The fact of the matter is that most of us are simply Muslims because we were born Muslims. Now, if you think about it the reason why the Quraish rejected Islam in the first place was the fact that it went against their fathers religions. They were idol worshippers because their parents were idol worshippers just as we are Muslims because our parents are Muslims.

This way of thinking is archaic and illogical and a severe hindrance to the spread of Islam. For instance, say a non-Muslim approaches a Muslim and asks him:

Why do you believe in Allah?

And he answers:

Because I was born a Muslim.

Do you think the non-Muslim would be impressed? No. In fact any curiosity that he might have had about Islam would be destroyed at the spot.

So, how do we answer such a query?

Simple, we provide proof. We give the person verifiable scientific evidence that he cant ignore, that forces him/her to think and sparks their curiosity.

But where do we get that proof? Why, its simple; the Holy Quran!

The Quran isnt a book on science, its a code of life, still it contains innumerable scientific facts and evidences many of which have been discovered but recently that are mentioned in Quran 1400 years ago.

My knowledge on Quran and Islam is to be perfectly honest, rather woeful. However Ive conducted research on the internet, read books and seen countless videos of lectures and documentaries on this subject of some of the most well respected and well known Muslim scholars such as Doctor Zakir Naik and Maurice Bucaille to name a few.

This book is essentially a compilation of the thoughts of the leading Islamic scholars and scientists on the subject. My goal is to present their authentic interpretations and to explain the science involved in the simplest possible way so that most if not all who read this book can be enlightened.

I hope that by the end of the book, if you are a Muslim then you will no longer have a baseless belief that Islam is the true religion but you will have Scientific Evidence that your religion is the true one. And if you are a non-Muslim I hope that by the end of the book you will have sufficient proof that Quran really is the word of God (InshaAllah).

I waive all copyrights for this work. Anyone willing to use the material in this book for any purpose, including publishing is free to do so.

Cosmology

Formation of the Universe and the Big Bang Theory

How was the universe formed? This question has been gnawing at scientists for centuries. How could all this come to be? When did it start? Only recently has science provided an answer:

The Big Bang is the model used to describe the formation and the evolution of the universe. According to it initially some 13.7 billion years ago all the mass of the universe was compressed in to one very small but extraordinarily dense single mass. This mass is also known as singularity. Outside the singularity there was nothing. No space, no time nothing. I know this idea might be hard to grasp but we must know that time and space also appeared AFTER the big bang. Then the singularity detonated. In the greatest explosion of all time all the compressed matter of the universe was ejected at mind boggling velocities in all directions. This was the formation of our universe. The big bang refers to this explosion. Science still is unable to tell us why this explosion took place? Who or what detonated it?

This theory was put forward by a Belgian priest George Lemaitre in 1927 but its supportive evidence in the form of background cosmic radiation was only discovered in 1965.

The Quran says in Surah 21 Verse 30 Do not the Unbelievers see that the heavens and the earth were joined together (as one unit of creation), before we clove them asunder? We made from water every living thing. Will they not then believe? Also in Surah 2 Verse 117 To Him is due the primal origin of the heavens and the earth: When He decreeth a matter, He saith to it: "Be, and it is. Additionally in Surah 6 Verse 1

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Praise be God, Who created the heavens and the earth, and made the darkness and the light. Yet those who reject Faith hold (others) as equal, with their GuardianLord.

The 1st Verse is a reference to the singularity mentioned above. The heavens and the earth were joined together. This clearly refers to the compressed matter in the singularity that contained the heavens, the earth and everything else in a joint form.

The next part refers to the big bang. Its very apparent that the term clove asunder refers to a very forceful separation. To cleave something is to rip or separate something forcefully. This is a clear indication that the event of separation of the heavens and the earth was a very violent one. All this is supported by modern science.

The 2nd verse refers to the cause of the big bang. While science cant explain why this singularity detonated, Quran provides the answer that God simply commanded it. This verse that refers to the creation of heaven and earth as seen from the 1 st part of the verse, says that God said Be and it happened.

The 3rd verse is interesting in the fact that it mentions an important aspect of the universes creation it says that God created darkness before light. This is also a scientific fact that in its initial stages before the formation of stars and correspondingly planets the universe was a very dark place indeed. Then later on afterwards when the stars were formed there came light.

While the ancient Arabs probably just read these verses without fully understanding them, we today thanks to modern science can truly appreciate them for the miracle that they are.

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The Expansion of the Universe

The universe is expanding. When you think about it its rather frightening. As large as the universe is with its millions upon millions of galaxies each containing billions upon billions of stars and perhaps trillions of planets, is getting bigger by the second.

The galaxies basically are moving further apart. The distance between the galaxies is increasing. A common example to explain this is to take a balloon and put 2 marks on it a short distance away. Then inflate it, the increase in separation of the 2 marks shows the separation of the galaxies. The galaxies at the edge of the universe are moving away faster than the ones in the middle.

This phenomenon is one of the greatest scientific discoveries of all time and was 1sr described in 1927 by Edwin Hubble (in honor of whom the space telescope is named). The driving force behind this expansion is mysteriously known as dark energy. The speed as mentioned isnt constant but varies for different galaxies.

The Quran says in Surah 51 verse 47: With power and skill did We construct the Firmament: for it is We Who create the vastness of space(for it is we who are expanding it)

Many of the original translators were unable to grasp the meanings of the underlined part and were afraid to commit. Arabic is a very complicated language and translating it is rather tricky as often a single word has multiple meanings. The accepted meaning of the underlined part of the verse is given in the brackets. The Arabic word msin is the plural present participle of the verb ausaa meaning to make wider, more spacious or to expand.

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As we can see the Koran speaks of the expansion of the universe, which Stephen Hawking (the world renowned physicist), in his book, A Brief History of Time, says, The discovery that the universe is expanding was one of the great intellectual revolutions of the 20th century.

Mind you, the 20th century.

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Nature of Celestial Matter

What is celestial matter? It put simply is the basic building block from which everything in the universe the stars, planets, galaxies are created. Whatever the case, the basic constituent of all these bodies is simply gas.

The term nebula is familiar to many of us. What is it exactly? Simply put a nebula is an interstellar cloud of gas and dust that is the birthplace of stars. The gases and dust particles clump together. More and more matter clumps together under the effect of gravity and when a suitable mass is acquired a star is formed. This star then forms planets and planetary systems all under the effect of gravity.

Similarly after the big bang the universe consisted mainly of these gases especially hydrogen and helium these underwent the above mentioned phenomenon and formed the known universe.

Quran says in Surah 41 Verse 11: Moreover He comprehended in His design the sky, and it had been (as) smoke: He said to it and to the earth: "Come ye together, willingly or unwillingly." They said: "We do come (together), in willing obedience."

Here the Holy Quran clearly states the initial nature of celestial matter as smoke. Even more astonishing is the fact that Quran uses the term smoke instead of gas. This gives even more weight to the statement as smoke is a better term for the thick opaque gas clouds that formed the universe then simply gas.

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The Light of the Moon

The moon has always been a source of fascination for mankind. It breathtaking beauty and serenity has captivated astronomers since the dawn of time. In fact many cultures of the world thought the moon a goddess and worshipped it.

In ancient times there were no street lights to guide the way. The travelers had only moonlight to guide them on their journeys. Hence moonlight had a very important role in the lives of ancient man.

We now know that the moon has no light of its own. Its quite simply a large planetary body thats approximately one fourth the size of earth. It doesnt produce its own light. Moonlight is actually sunlight reflected by the moon. For us, this is common knowledge for the ancients many of whom worshipped the moon, this concept was inexplicable.

The Quran says in Surah 25 verse 61: Blessed is He Who made constellations in the skies, and placed therein a Lamp and a Moon giving light In Surah 71 verse 15-16: "'See ye not how God has created the seven heavens one above another, And made the moon a light in their midst, and made the sun as a (Glorious) Lamp? In Surah 10 verse 5: It is He who made the sun to be a shining glory And the moon to be a light (Of beauty).

Looking at these 3 verses we can see that the words used for the sun in the Quran are siraaj, which means a torch or as wahhaaj which means a blazing lamp or as

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diya which means shining glory, whereas for the moon it uses the word qamar and it is described in the Koran as muneer, which is a body that gives nur i.e. light.

One can see quite clearly that the Koran refers to the sun as a kind of fire and a light source. The sun quite clearly fits the criteria. Its a fusion powered ball of flame and generates its own light. As for the moon the Koran clearly distinguishes between it and the sun calling it simply a light.

Nowhere in the Koran is the moon referred to with the same terms as that of the sun i.e. as a flame or a light source. Not only that, even in the same verse as seen above the Quran emphasizes the difference between the two celestial bodies, in the same sentence calling the sun something and the moon something else. This clearly indicates that Koran recognized the difference between the sunlight and the moonlight.

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The Sun & the Moons Rotation

The moon rotates about its own axis. Nowadays this is common knowledge. We all know that the moon rotates about its own axis just like the earth and the other planets. The time taken for the moon to complete one complete rotation about its own axis is about 29.5 days.

The Koran says in Surah 21 verse 33: It is He Who created the Night and the Day, and the sun and the moon: all (the celestial bodies) swim along, each in its rounded course.

The Arabic word used in the above verse is yasbahn. The word yasbahn is derived from the word sabaha. It carries with it the idea of motion that comes from any moving body. If you use the word for a man on the ground, it would not mean that he is rolling but would mean he is walking or running. If you use the word for a man in water it would not mean that he is floating but would mean that he is swimming.

Similarly, if you use the word yasbah for a celestial body it would not mean that it is only flying through space but would mean that it is also rotating as it goes through space.

A major problem arises at this point. We all know that the moon rotates about its own axis, but what about the sun. The sun doesnt rotate, does it?

Yes, it does. Science has proven that the sun also rotates about its own axis. St. john in 1918 was the 1st person to accurately describe the rotation of the sun.

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The sun has small dark patches. These are known as sun spots. They are relatively cooler areas of the sun that possess a massive magnetic field. Using the image of the sun projected on a table top one can clearly see the movement of the spots across the solar surface. As the sun spots are stationary their calculations based on their motion gave us the rotational speed of the sun and showed us that the sun took approx. 25 days for one complete rotation about its own axis.

The Koran told us all this 1400 years ago.

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Travelling Galaxies

In the past the accepted model of the universe was geocentric one. This universal model 1st proposed by Ptolomy in the 2nd century BC stated that the earth was stationary in the universe and the stars and everything else moved around it. However in 1609 the German scientist Yohannus Keppler stated in his book Astronomia Nova that the sun was in the center of the solar system and the earth and the other planets revolved both around it and on their own axis.

The Koran says in Surah 36 verse 40: It is not permitted to the Sun to catch up the Moon, nor can the Night outstrip the Day: Each (just) swims along in (its own) orbit (according to Law). In Surah 21 verse 33: It is He Who created the Night and the Day, and the sun and the moon: all (the celestial bodies) swim along, each in its rounded course. In Surah 36 verse 38: And the sun runs his course for a period determined for him: that is the decree of (Him), the Exalted in Might, the All-Knowing

There are 3 points of interest: 1- The word falak used has been translated to orbit or sphere. In the ancient times people couldnt even begin to understand the meaning of this verse; we on the other hand can truly appreciate the tremendous implications of the verse. We know that the moon is travelling in an orbit around the earth so this verse makes perfect sense for us, however 1400 years ago the meaning of this verse was impossible to grasp. 2- Not only does the Koran talk of the orbits of celestial bodies, it even tells us that they possess separate orbits. That is why the moon and the sun can never outstrip each other.

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3- If one reads the verses the Koran refers to the orbit of the sun and the movement of it through space. But, the sun doesnt move in an orbit does it? The moon ok, but the sun? Also the sun isnt going anywhere is it? Is the Quran wrong? No! In fact the Quran is absolutely right. The sun is rotating in an orbit and it is travelling in space. The Milky Way galaxy is rotating itself, along with it the stars and their associated systems e.g. the solar system. The sun and the entire solar system are not stationary, but are moving in space towards a specific point. This point has been calculated to be in the constellation Hercules and is called the Solar Apex. One wonders how could the Koran predict all this 1400 years ago?

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Bridges of Matter

What is interstellar space? Its the space that lies between star systems such as the suns solar system and any nearby star. As we can see quite clearly most of space is interstellar space. It composition was a real mystery to scientists and the common consensus at the time was that it was a vacuum. This essentially means that there is absolutely nothing there. This misperception was proved wrong in 1904 when Johannes Hartmann detected diffused matter in interstellar space. Now, we know that interstellar space is composed of cosmic dust, plasma, gas amongst other things. The spread of matter is not uniform. Those areas of interstellar space that are more dense( contain more of the aforementioned matter) end up forming nebulae and stars and can be referred to the more active regions of interstellar space as opposed to the less active and less dense regions.

The Quran says in Surah 25 verse 59: He Who created the heavens and the earth and all that is between, in six days, and is firmly established on the Throne (of Authority): God Most Gracious: ask thou, then, about Him of any acquainted (with such things).

The heavens (stars) and the earth, and what is in between them. Clearly the Quran says that there is something between them and that space isnt empty.

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Other Worlds

The thought of other worlds like our own has captivated mankind from the dawn of time. What if there was another world? Is our world the only one? Indeed for a long time man believed to be the ruler of the only world in existence. Then came science and it identified the other planets in our solar system such as Venus, Mars etc. what of outside the solar system though? The answer was finally provided in 1992 when the 1st confirmed extra solar (beyond our solar system) planet was discovered. As of now some 777 planets have been discovered orbiting various stars of our galaxy and an estimate gives us about 160 billion planets in our Milky Way galaxy alone.

These planets have been detected by extraordinarily advanced techniques for instance the wobbling of a star as a result of its planets gravitational field or the dimming of the light of the star when the planet moves across it.

The Quran says in Surah 45 verse 36: Then Praise be to God, Lord of the heavens and Lord of the earth,- Lord and Cherisher of all the Worlds! In Surah 65 verse 12: God is He Who created seven Firmaments and of the earth a similar number. Through the midst of them (all) descends His Command: that ye may know that God has power over all things, and that God comprehends, all things in (His) Knowledge In these verses one can clearly see that the Quran refers to more than one world. In the 2nd verse it even says that God created seven (many) heavens and of earths a similar number.

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Hence the Koran clearly tells us that there are multitudes of worlds. I honestly doubt as to whether they could measure the dimming of starlight as a planet passed across its face 1400 years ago.

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Mans Conquest of Space

Mankind has always aspired to reach the stars. From ancient times the desire to reach the heavens, to fly has ruled their hearts. This, as we all know is dream now realized. Man has travelled not only to the heavens (space) but has even set foot upon the moon.

Space, in essence begins 100km above the earths surface. Many of our rockets and satellites are capable of reaching it. The 1st satellite to orbit the earth was the Soviet Unions Sputnik 1 in 1957 whereas the 1st manned spaceflight was the Vostok 1 carrying the cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin in 1961.

The Quran says in Surah 55 Verse 33: O ye assembly of Jinns and men! If it be ye can pass beyond the zones of the heavens and the earth, pass ye! not without authority shall ye be able to pass! In Surah 15 Verse 14 and 15: Even if We opened out to them a gate from heaven, and they were to continue (all day) ascending therein, They would only say: "Our eyes have been intoxicated: Nay, we have been bewitched by sorcery."

The 1st verse clearly indicates that mankind may pass into the heavens. the verse interestingly not only refers to the exploration of space but the exploration of the regions of the earth(ocean floors) that were once impenetrable but are now accessible to us as well.

The 2nd verse gives an indication to the state of the person when he enters heaven; he feels bewitched and is unable to believe his eyes. This is exactly true as one enters space the entire view changes. The blue color of the earths

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atmosphere disappears and the sky becomes dark. The earth glows with a blue halo and the moon glows white in the distance. Its an awe inspiring sight and the 1st astronauts who had the honor of being the 1st humans to witness it have reported it as such.

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Iron from the Heavens


The Koran says in Surah 51 verse 25: We sent aforetime our apostles with Clear Signs and sent down with them the Book and the Balance (of Right and Wrong), that men may stand forth in justice; and We sent down Iron, in which is (material for) mighty war, as well as many benefits for mankind, that God may test who it is that will help, Unseen, Him and His apostles: For God is Full of Strength, Exalted in Might (and able to enforce His Will).

In this verse of the Holy Koran the element iron is clearly singled out. Seeing the context of the verse it, along with the apostles is shown to be sent down from the heavens.

What is its significance here?

Elements are made by a process called nuclear fusion that takes place in the stars. There are different types of stars in our universe and these stars are all generating elements in them.

Many of the elements are formed this way, the rest are formed in supernovae explosions. Generally, the bigger the star the shorter its life as it burns through its fuel much faster. When these massive stars having a mass of at least 8-10 times that of our sun go out, they go out with a bang in one of the most violent explosion in all of the cosmos. The energy released from one of these explosions at is more than the cumulative energy released by our sun in its 10 billion year life.

But, why iron? How is it so special? The answer is that iron is the peak element. Elements up to iron are produced by normal nucleosynthesis in stars. The

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heavier elements after it can only be produced by supernova explosion. This means that there was a supernova detonation in the area or near the area millions or even billions of years before the formation of our sun. All the iron and heavier elements we have on earth are remnants of that colossal supernova explosion, predating the sun.

The Koranic reference of having sent down and singling out of iron seems rather appropriate.

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Embryology

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Stages of Development

The Koran says in Surah 23 verse 12-14: Man We did create from a quintessence (of clay); Then We placed him as (a drop of) sperm in a place of rest, firmly fixed; Then We made the sperm into a clot of congealed blood; then of that clot We made a (foetus) lump; then we made out of that lump bones and clothed the bones with flesh; then we developed out of it another creature. So blessed be God, the best to create

These verses provide an extraordinarily apt summary of the different stages of embryological development.

The place of rest, firmly fixed is with regard to the resting place of the embryo and its stability. If we analyze the location of the embryo its very securely located as: 1- Anteriorly or in front lay the anterior abdominal wall and its muscles, the uterine wall and the amniochorionic membrane. 2- Posteriorly or behind lies the back bone and the posterior muscles.

This small quantity of fluid is made into alaqah, meaning something which clings. It also means a leech-like substance and/ or a blood clot. Remarkably, all three meanings are applicable here.

1- The embryo indeed clings to the uterine wall and there it becomes fixed. 2- Its shape if one was to observe its pictures looks exactly like a leech, furthermore not only does the embryo at this stage look like a leech but it also acts like one. Sucking the mothers blood and getting all its nutrition from its mothers blood vessels.

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3- If aborted at this stage the fetus looks like a blood clot.

In the next part it is stated that the alaqah is transformed into mudghah which means something that is chewed (having teeth marks) and also something that is tacky and small which can be put in the mouth like gum. Both these descriptions are also extraordinarily apt. There is a very simple way to visualize what the Koran is saying in this verse. If we take a lump of plasticine and bite it, its appearance is what the Koran means by mudghah. These teeth marks in the plasticine are an almost perfect recreation of the somites. These are structures that develop into the human spine.

The final part of the verse that states that after all these above mentioned stages finally a new creature is made. What is the significance of this statement?

The answer is that all the events before this stage are common for all the other animals and before this stage the embryos of the dogs, cats and the humans etc. are all alike. Its only after this stage that the characteristic features of the human being such as the head and face are seen. So, in essence at this point a new creature (man) is formed.

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The Sex of the Child

The Koran says in Surah 53, verse 45-46: That He did create in pairs,- male and female, From a seed when lodged (in its place); And in Surah 75, verse 37-39: Was he not a drop of sperm emitted (in lowly form)? Then did he become a leech-like clot; then did (God) make and fashion (him) in due proportion. And of him He made two sexes, male and female.

In the 1st verse the Arabic word nutfah means a minute quantity of liquid and tumn means ejaculated or planted. Therefore nutfah specifically refers to sperm because it is ejaculated. The 2nd verse also says the same.

Is the Koran right? Does the sex of the child really depend only on the female?

Naturally, its correct. The sex of the child is determined by the 23rd pair of chromosomes. The chromosomes are proteins containing genetic material or DNA. The following are the combinations of 23rd chromosome and their outcome.

X+X X+Y

FEMALE MALE

Hence we can see that for a child to be born a male it must have both an X chromosome as well as a Y chromosome. For it to be a female both of its chromosomes must be X chromosomes.

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Now, the female ova or egg will always contain X chromosome whereas the males sperm may have an X or a Y chromosome. If the male X chromosome fuses with the female egg then the result XX combination means that the child will be female. If the male Y chromosome fuses with the egg then the resultant XY combination means that the child will be male.

Its rather ironic that throughout history in order to continue their male lineage men have kept on changing wives when the problem as the Koran points out was with them all along.

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Site of Gonads
Koran says in Surah 86 verse 5-7: Now let man but think from what he is created! He is created from a drop emitted-Proceeding from between the backbone and the ribs:

The Koran says that we are created from a drop of fluid from between the back bone and the ribs. Nowadays due to the advancement of science even the layman knows that the child is formed from the union of the sperm and the egg.

However, the Koran says that the sperm are created from somewhere up in the body, between the backbone and the ribs. Is the Koran wrong?

No. The Koran is referring to the sex organs (the testes and the true pelvis) before their descent. For most people not associated with the medical profession it may come as quite a surprise but our sex organs were not always where they are now. In fact during the embryological period initially our sex organs were in our chest, between the back bone and the 11th and 12th ribs. These organs later descend to their more recognized locations. However they still receive their blood and nerve supplies as well as their lymphatic drainage from their original undescended area.

The Koran is giving us yet another sign of its divine origin.

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Development of Senses

The Koran says in surah 32 verse 9: But He fashioned him in due proportion, and breathed into him something of His spirit. And He gave you (the faculties of) hearing and sight and feeling (and understanding): little thanks do ye give! In surah 76 verse 2: Verily We created Man from a drop of mingled sperm, in order to try him: So We gave him (the gifts), of Hearing and Sight. In Surah 23 verse 78: It is He Who has created for you (the faculties of) hearing, sight, feeling and understanding: little thanks it is ye give!

In all three verses the Koran mentions the development of hearing before the development of vision.

Modern science tells us that the fetus can hear sounds by the 24th week while its sense of sight develops by the 28th weeks.

The Koran is right yet again!

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Formation of Sperm

The Koran says in Surah 76 verse 2: Verily We created Man from a drop of mingled sperm, in order to try him: So We gave him (the gifts), of Hearing and Sight.

The Arabic word nutfatin amshaajin means mingled liquid. There are 2 possible interpretations of this verse.

The 1st being that the Koran is saying that man is created with a drop of mingled sperm. This is scientifically sound as the semen that contains the human sperm is made of a mixture of different secretions. The prostate gland, the seminal vesicles and the bulbourethral glands all secrete various components of the spermatic fluid. It is hence, Mingled sperm

The 2nd being, that it refers to the male and female reproductive agents or gametes and their fusion to form the zygote. This is also scientifically sound.

Whichever way you look at it, the Koran is scientifically correct.

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Fertilization

The Koran says in Surah 32 verse 8: And made his progeny from a quintessence of the nature of a fluid despised In Surah 16 verse 4: He has created man from a sperm-drop; and behold this same (man) becomes an open disputer!

The same thing is also mentioned in the Koran in 16:4, 18:37, 35:11, 36:77, 40:67, 53:46, 75:37, 76:2 and 80:19.

The Koran time and time again mentions that man is created from a drop of fluid.

Why is that? A male on average ejaculates about 3.4ml of semen, but why is the Koran so insistent that it takes only a minute quantity (a drop)?

The Arabic word sullah means quintessence or the best part of the whole. Today science has shown us that only a single sperm is needed to fertilize the egg.

Of the millions upon millions of sperms of sperms that are ejaculated by the male only one is actually needed. In fact as soon as the 1st sperm penetrates the egg, a reaction known as cortical reaction occurs that changes the morphology of the outer membrane of the egg, making it harder and preventing the other sperm from penetrating into the egg.

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Hence only the best part of the whole and only a drop of sperm is needed just as the Koran tells us.

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Birth
The Koran says in Surah 80, verse 19-20: From a sperm-drop: He hath created him, and then mouldeth him in due proportions; Then doth He make His path smooth for him;

Over here in this verse the Koran says that Allah makes the path easy for man. This is in reference to the process of parturition or birth.

It is indeed quite amazing that how a child of average 5-7 pounds is ejected through the mothers vagina that normally is only 3-4 fingers wide.

Like the Koran says, Allah makes the path easier for the child. This is done by the following way:

1- The release of hormone relaxin that loosens the cervix and uterus as well as the suspensory ligaments. 2- The release of oxytocin hormone that causes uterine contractions that move the child out the body. 3- The bursting of the amniotic sac that lubricates and helps slide the child out. 4- The childs own moments help it to be expelled from the body.

Indeed Allah makes the path easier for the child.

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Partly Formed & Partly Unformed

The Koran says in Surah 22 verse 5: O mankind! if ye have a doubt about the Resurrection, (consider) that We created you out of dust, then out of sperm, then out of a leech-like clot, then out of a morsel of flesh, partly formed and partly unformed, in order that We may manifest (our power) to you; and We cause whom We will to rest in the wombs for an appointed term, then do We bring you out as babes, then (foster you) that ye may reach your age of full strength; and some of you are called to die, and some are sent back to the feeblest old age, so that they know nothing after having known (much), and (further), thou seest the earth barren and lifeless, but when We pour down rain on it, it is stirred (to life), it swells, and it puts forth every kind of beautiful growth (in pairs).

At the mugdhah stage, if an incision is made in the embryo and the internal Organs are dissected, it will be seen that most of them are formed while the Others are not yet completely formed.

All the organs dont develop at the same time but they develop at different rates and different times. Hence the term partly formed and partly unformed is extraordinarily apt and scientifically sound.

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Physical Sciences

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Shape of the Earth

The Koran says in Surah 79 verse 30: And the earth, moreover, hath He extended (to a wide expanse); In surah 39 verse 5: He created the heavens and the earth in true (proportions): He makes the Night overlap the Day, and the Day overlap the Night: He has subjected the sun and the moon (to His law): Each one follows a course for a time appointed. Is not He the Exalted in Power - He Who forgives again and again? In surah 31 verse 29: Seest thou not that God merges Night into Day and he merges Day into Night; that He has subjected the sun, and the moon (to his Law), each running its course for a term appointed; and that God is well-acquainted with all that ye do?

For a long time man believed that the world was flat. Sailors, in fact were afraid to sail too far lest they fall of the edge of the world. It was not until 1597 that it was proven that the world is in fact spherical.

In the 1st verse the Arabic word used is dahaha which also means ostrich egg. The shape of the ostrich egg is not round but geo spherical (flattened at the poles). Its an exceptionally apt description of our planet.

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In the 2nd verse the Arabic word used here is Kawwara meaning to overlap or to coil the way a turban is wound around the head. This coiling example is applicable only if the earth is spherical not if its flat.

In the 3rd verse the Koran says that Allah merges the day into the night and the night into the day. This merging phenomenon is only possible with a spherical earth. If the earth was flat then the transition between night and day would be very sudden and not gradual merging as mentioned in the Koran.

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The Role of Mountains

The Koran says in Surah 78 verse 6-7: Have We not made the earth as a wide expanse, And the mountains as pegs? In surah 21 verse 31: And We have set on the earth mountains standing firm, lest it should shake with them, and We have made therein broad highways (between mountains) for them to pass through: that they may receive Guidance. In surah 79 verse 32: And the mountains hath He firmly fixed;-

The Koran refers to the mountains as pegs. Like the ones used to anchor a tent signifying their role.

Mountains are formed from the folding of the earths crust. The earths crust ie the part that we live on is only about 0.4% of the total diameter of the earth. The remaining underlying layers are composed mainly of molten rock and not solid. As the earths crust is such a small percentage of the earths total diameter and everything under it is molten the crust is very unstable and prone to shifting.

The mountains prevent it by anchoring the crust and preventing it from sliding over each other and causing earthquakes. Hence they act like pegs, keeping the earth stable.

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Also like the Koran mentions the roots of the mountains are very strong and deep contributing to their stability.

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The Water Cycle

The Koran says in surah 39 verse 21: Seest thou not that God sends down rain from the sky, and leads it through springs in the earth? Then He causes to grow, therewith, produce of various colours: then it withers; thou wilt see it grow yellow; then He makes it dry up and crumble away. Truly, in this, is a Message of remembrance to men of understanding. In surah 30 verse 24: And among His Signs, He shows you the lightning, by way both of fear and of hope, and He sends down rain from the sky and with it gives life to the earth after it is dead: verily in that are Signs for those who are wise. In surah 23 verse 18: And We send down water from the sky according to (due) measure, and We cause it to soak in the soil; and We certainly are able to drain it off (with ease).

The water cycle is mentioned extensively in the Koran. Until the 16th century all sorts of strange and fanciful beliefs were prevalent on this topic. The question of the source of underground water and its return to the ocean was especially troubling.

Many believed that the spray of the ocean at the coasts was forced underground. Some believed that the water was condensed in cool mountain caverns and all the underground water pooled and collected in a massive underwater river that passed through the underworld.

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Modern science tells us that quite simply the water evaporates from large water bodies; it travels inland due to the wind, condenses and falls as rain. The underground waters source is the rain water that seeps deep into the ground.

In surah 15 verse 22: And We send the fecundating winds, then cause the rain to descend from the sky, therewith providing you with water (in abundance), though ye are not the guardians of its stores. In surah 30 verse 48: It is God Who sends the Winds, and they raise the Clouds: then does He spread them in the sky as He wills, and break them into fragments, until thou seest rain-drops issue from the midst thereof: then when He has made them reach such of his servants as He wills behold, they do rejoice!-

The Arabic word used here is lawqih, which is the plural of laqih from laqaha, which means to impregnate or fecundate. The Koran is referring to the formation of the rain clouds.

All clouds contain water vapor, however not all the clouds rain. The winds impregnating the clouds refers to the phenomenon in which winds move and merge different clouds. This merging of the clouds creates larger heavier rain clouds, which are more prone to condensation. These then cause rain.

The Koranic verses are absolutely compatible with modern science and have absolutely no contradiction.

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Not only in these verses but the Koran mentions the water cycle in numerous places including 3:9, 7:57, 13:17, 25:48- 49, 36:34, 50:9-11, 56:68-70, 67:30 and 86:11.

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Salt & Freshwater Barrier

Koran says in surah 55 verses 19-20: He has let free the two bodies of flowing water, meeting together: Between them is a Barrier which they do not transgress: In surah 27 verse 61: Or, Who has made the earth firm to live in; made rivers in its midst; set thereon mountains immovable; and made a separating bar between the two bodies of flowing water? (can there be another) god besides God? Nay, most of them know not. In surah 25 verse 53: It is He Who has let free the two bodies of flowing water: One palatable and sweet, and the other salt and bitter; yet has He made a barrier between them, a partition that is forbidden to be passed.

In the Arabic text the word barzakh means a barrier or a partition. This barrier isnt a physical partition. The Arabic word maraja literally means they both meet and mix with each other. Is the Koran contradicting itself? First it says there is a barrier between the 2 water bodies that prevents them from mixing then it says they both meet and mix.

Absolutely not! Modern science has proved the Koran to be correct once again.

Science now tells us that wherever 2 seas meet; there is a slanting invisible barrier between them. On each side of the barrier the 2 seas have their own

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physical properties such as temperature, density etc. When the water crosses the barrier it obtains the characteristics of the sea it is passing into.

Hence there is a barrier between them yet they both meet and mix!

The best example of this is the division between the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean at Gibraltar.

In the case when salt and fresh water come into contact the situation is somewhat different. Estuaries are places where fresh water rivers drain into the salty seas. In these areas there is a pycnocline zone with a marked density discontinuity separating the two layers.

In simpler terms because the salt water and the fresh water have different densities they are separated by a density gradient. This phenomenon occurs in several places, including Egypt, where the river Nile flows into the Mediterranean Sea.

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Darkness at the Ocean Depths

The Koran says in surah 24 verse 40: Or (the Unbelievers' state) is like the depths of darkness in a vast deep ocean, overwhelmed with billow topped by billow, topped by (dark) clouds: depths of darkness, one above another: if a man stretches out his hands, he can hardly see it! for any to whom God giveth not light, there is no light!

This is an astounding verse when one looks at it carefully.

Humans unaided are unable to dive for more then 20-30 meters at most. However Koran 1400 years ago is drawing us a picture of the depths of the oceans and also explaining the reason behind its topography.

Let us look at the verse:

The 1st thing of note is that the Koran is not talking about the small seas but the depths of vast deep oceans.

The 2nd thing that we come upon is overwhelmed with billow topped by billow. The word billow is referring to the waves in the ocean. There are 2 points of significance in this statement. The 1st being that if we see in the context of the verse the Koran is indicating that the waves have a role to play in the darkness of the ocean depths. This is proven to be scientifically correct as the light is found to be reflected by the surface waves of the ocean, decreasing the absorption of the light by the ocean. The 2nd significant point is that Koran is saying that there are waves upon waves i.e. its indicating the presence of internal waves under the surface waves. This has also been proven to be scientifically correct. The deeper layers of the ocean are

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comparatively denser then the surface layers and are separated from the surface layers by the internal waves, underneath which the darkness begins.

The 3rd thing we see is the statement topped by dark clouds. The Koran is indicating that the clouds have a role to play in the oceans darkness. This has been found to be scientifically sound as well. The sunlight is absorbed by the clouds and is scattered. This decreases the amount of light that reaches the ocean surface underneath the clouds. This, in turn leads to a decreased absorption of light by the ocean.

The 4th part states that there are depths of darkness, one above another. This seems to indicate that there are layers of darkness as we descend in the ocean. This like everything else has been scientifically proven. Light is basically composed of 7 colors. VIBGYOR is a simple way of remembering them. Once light hits the surface of the water the individual colors are refracted. Each color can only travel a fix distance underwater before its absorbed. For example red color can only travel about 10-15m underwater. If we go any deeper, we will be able to see all the other 6 colors but not red. The same process applies to the remaining colors. Each can travel only a certain distance underwater before being absorbed. Due to successive disappearance of color, one layer after another, the ocean progressively becomes darker, i.e. darkness takes place in layers of light. Below a depth of 1000 meters there is complete darkness.

Hence the Koran not only tells us about a natural phenomenon we have just recently discovered, but it also explains its mechanism some 1400 years ago.

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Subatomic Particles

The Koran says in surah 34 verse 3: The Unbelievers say, "Never to us will come the Hour": Say, "Nay! but most surely, by my Lord, it will come upon you;- by Him Who knows the unseen,from Whom is not hidden the least little atom in the heavens or on earth: Nor is there anything less than that, or greater, but is in the Record Perspicuous:

At the time of the Koran the Theory of Atomism was widely accepted. The theory put forward by the Greek philosopher Democritus stated that the atom was the smallest thing in the universe from which everything else was made and it was indivisible. There was nothing smaller then it and it couldnt be broken down.

The Koran however states that there are things smaller than the atom and science now tells us that the atom is made up of protons, neutrons and electrons. These are also divisible and are composed of further subatomic particles.

Here is yet another scientific miracle of the Koran.

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Biological Sciences

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Pain Receptors in Skin

The Koran says in surah 4 verse 36: Those who reject our Signs, We shall soon cast into the Fire: as often as their skins are roasted through, We shall change them for fresh skins, that they may taste the penalty: for God is Exalted in Power, Wise.

This verse is frightening yet at the same time very enlightening. The verse refers to hell and the terrifying nature of it. However if one looks at the verse carefully we can see something strange. The Koran says that the people who will be tossed in hell, their skins will be burnt, and then these skins will be reformed/ replaced so that they may continue to suffer.

The Koran is indicating that the skin is the organ responsible for the sensation of pain.

This has now been scientifically proven. The skin contains pain receptors. When activated, they send signals to the brain. The brain interprets them and the body feels pain.

Perhaps the best example of this is a burn. If the burn is superficial and not deep then the persons pain receptors are intact and he feels pain. If the burn is large and deep however the pain receptors are damaged and the person is unable to feel any pain whatsoever.

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Fingerprints

The Koran says is surah 75 verse 3-4: Does man think that We cannot assemble his bones? Nay, We are able to put together in perfect order the very tips of his fingers.

In this verse the Koran is telling man that at the Day of Judgment mans resurrection will be so perfect that even his fingerprints will be restored perfectly.

In this verse the Koran specifically mentions the order of a persons finger tips with regards to his identification. Why does the Koran pay so much attention to fingerprints?

We now know that each person is born with their own unique set of fingerprints. No two persons possess the same fingerprints. In fact fingerprints are used nowadays in identification of individuals.

The Koran tells us about these 1400 years ago.

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The Role of Water

The Koran says in surah 21 verse 30: Do not the Unbelievers see that the heavens and the earth were joined together (as one unit of creation), before we clove them asunder? We made from water every living thing. Will they not then believe? Also in surah 24 verse 45: And God has created every animal from water: of them there are some that creep on their bellies; some that walk on two legs; and some that walk on four. God creates what He wills for verily God has power over all things. In surah 25 verse 54: It is He Who has created man from water: then has He established relationships of lineage and marriage: for thy Lord has power (over all things).

The Koran repeatedly tells us that all living things (us included), all have been made from water. This has now been proven.

Water is the main component for life. The cells from which we are all formed contain about 80% water. Also most living things contain about 50-90% water.

Indeed in the search for life on other planets, the 1st thing that scientists look for in a newly discovered planet is the presence of water because where there is water theres a chance of life.

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Honeys Healing Properties

The Koran says in surah 16 verses 68-69: And thy Lord taught the Bee to build its cells in hills, on trees, and in (men's) habitations: Then to eat of all the produce (of the earth), and find with skill the spacious paths of its Lord: there issues from within their bodies a drink of varying colours, wherein is healing for men: verily in this is a Sign for those who give thought.

The Koran tells us about the healing powers of honey. Nowadays we know that: 1- Honey has healing properties. 2- It is a mild antiseptic as its high density prevents the growth of microorganisms. 3- It helps retain moisture in the wound and leaves little scar tissue. 4- Helps control allergy. 5- Its rich in fructose and vitamin K.

True to what the Koran says honey indeed has remarkable healing powers.

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Pairing

The Koran says in surah 20 verse 53: "He Who has, made for you the earth like a carpet spread out; has enabled you to go about therein by roads (and channels); and has sent down water from the sky." With it have We produced diverse pairs of plants each separate from the others. In surah 13 verse 3: And it is He who spread out the earth, and set thereon mountains standing firm and (flowing) rivers: and fruit of every kind He made in pairs, two and two: He draweth the night as a veil o'er the Day. Behold, verily in these things there are signs for those who consider!

The Koran here states that there are sexes of plants. That they are created in pairs male and female. Today we know that there actually are male and female plants.

Like the Koran says with regard to the fruits. The fruits are made from fertilized flowers. The flowers are of 2 types the male and the female. The male flowers contain the male sex organs and produce pollen. This pollen is transferred to the female flowers by wind and insects. There it fuses with the female sex organs and fertilization takes place.

There are some flowers that that dont have male and female varieties, these rather than possessing one type of sex organ (male or female) they have both. There are some fruits that come from non-fertilized flowers such as bananas and some species of pineapple and figs. These also have definite sexual characteristics.

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The Koran says in surah 51 verse 49: And of everything We have created pairs: That ye may receive instruction. And in surah 36 verse 36: Glory to God, Who created in pairs all things that the earth produces, as well as their own (human) kind and (other) things of which they have no knowledge.

These verses tell us that god has made everything in pairs.

One explanation could be anti-matter. Matter is anything that has weight and occupies space. Anti-matter is the opposite of it. For all the matter in the universe there is equivalent amount of anti-matter. They are pairs and when they come in contact with one another they destroy each other is spectacular fashion.

However the Koran also states that there are things of which we have no knowledge. Maybe we will never be sure about some things but given that everything that we understand in the Koran has been proven correct we have to take things on faith.

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Flying Birds

The Koran says in surah 16 verse 79: Do they not look at the birds, held poised in the midst of (the air and) the sky? Nothing holds them up but (the power of) God. Verily in this are signs for those who believe. In surah 67 verse 19: Do they not observe the birds above them, spreading their wings and folding them in? None can uphold them except (God) Most Gracious: Truly (God) Most Gracious: Truly it is He that watches over all things.

The Arabic word amsaka literally means, to put ones hand on, seize, hold, someone back, these verses stress the dependence of birds on the power of Allah during flight.

Scientists have long questioned how birds instinctively and with unerring accuracy undertake epic seasonal migrations that take them tens of thousands of miles along fixed routes and then back again, all within a fixed time frame.

Nowadays science tells us that the birds have this information stored in their genes. Its in their genetic makeup or in their essential programming. They were born already having that information. Thats how they instinctively perform such magnificent feats.

Like the Koran says Allah holds them up and in this are signs for those who believe.

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Bees & Ants

The Koran says in surah 16 verses 68-69: And thy Lord taught the Bee to build its cells in hills, on trees, and in (men's) habitations; Then to eat of all the produce (of the earth), and find with skill the spacious paths of its Lord: there issues from within their bodies a drink of varying colors, wherein is healing for men: verily in this is a Sign for those who give thought

What does the Koran mean by finding with skill the spacious paths of its Lord?

Whenever a bee scout finds nectar laden flowers it goes back to the hive and communicates with its fellow bees the location of the flower. It does this by a specific sequence of movements known as the bee dance. It perfectly conveys all the necessary information that any of the other bees would need to find the flowers.

Furthermore the worker bees have been found to be female. For a long time we thought that the worker bees were male and the queen bee was female. Now, we know that both are in fact female! In Soorah Al-Nahl chapter no. 16, verses 68 and 69 the gender used for the bee is the female gender (fasluk and kul), indicating that the bee that leaves its home for gathering food is a female bee.

The Koran has been proved right yet again.

In surah 27 verses 17-18:

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And before Solomon were marshalled his hosts,- of Jinns and men and birds, and they were all kept in order and ranks. At length, when they came to a (lowly) valley of ants, one of the ants said: "O ye ants, get into your habitations, lest Solomon and his hosts crush you (under foot) without knowing it."

This verse is strange. In it the Koran says that the ants are talking to each other. It seems like a children story. Is there any scientific basis for these verses?

Today we know that ants are extremely sophisticated social creatures. They are highly advanced and share many characteristics with us. We know that 1- The ants bury their dead. 2- They have different jobs and roles that they perform such as worker, soldier, forager etc. 3- They have an advanced system of communication. 4- They have markets where they exchange goods. 5- They not only store grain for winter but take highly advanced measures to prevent them from rotting.

Indeed the Koran is right yet again.

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CONCLUSION
At the end of the book I would like to summarize using a very eloquent and scientifically sound argument that was put forward by Doctor Zakir Naik.

If, as the unbelievers say, the Koran is not the word of God but of man, then the scientific evidence presented in it is all guesswork.

In math we study probability or chance.

Say the probability or chance of someone guessing one of the scientific facts in the Koran is 0.1%.

Then for him having already guessed one fact to guess another would be 0.1x0.1 = 0.01% And for someone to guess all 33 facts that Ive presented here would be 0.1^33 = 1.0x10^-33% That means in simple terms 1 divided by a figure 33 numbers long!! Essentially that means zero percent. Thus it is scientifically proven that there is no chance that the Koran with all its scientific evidences can be written by a sheer man. Its author must be The Creator of the entire Universe and everything in it. Its author must be ALLAH ALMIGHTY!

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