Technological environment Technology VS economy and problems of importing technology Topic explanation This topic is stands for reflecting

the situation of present technological economy which is ever seen in the world and also it refers that the economy is now very strongly depended by modern technology and it has both-positive and negative approach also. Here this topic also indicates that to supporting an economy technology is needed to importing and this is not an easy tusk, it has lots of condemnation also. Introduction In the modern world the technological economy is the most buzzing sound. The sound economy is where there is must the sound technology because now a days economy cant goes with out a sound support of technology. Technology is like a booster of economy it stimulate the economy from a slow and steady phage. For such kind of situation our environment is now encircled with lots of technology and its particles also. Though this technology is badly surrounded us so we have to think also badly about this, about its everything good, bad or anything else. Here we will try to describe separately about technology and economy. Then we will try to clarify the relation about them. And then we will present the importing process of new technology in an economy. Finally we will find out the things what happened after doing this. What is technology Technology is the process by which humans modify nature to meet their needs and wants. Most people, however, think of technology in terms of its artifacts: computers and software, aircraft, pesticides, water-treatment plants, birth-control pills, and microwave ovens, to name a few. But technology is more than these tangible products. Technology includes the entire infrastructure necessary for the design, manufacture, operation, and repair of technological artifacts, from corporate headquarters and engineering schools to manufacturing plants and maintenance facilities. The knowledge and processes used to create and to operate technological artifacts -- engineering knowhow, manufacturing expertise, and various technical skills -- are equally important part of technology. Technology is a product of engineering and science, the study of the natural world. Science has two parts: Other constraints include cost, reliability, safety, environmental impact, ease of use, available human and material resources, manufacturability, government regulations, laws, and even politics. In short, technology necessarily involves science and engineering.

What is Economy An economy is the realized social system of production, exchange, distribution, and consumption of goods and services of a country or other area. A given economy is the end result of a process that involves its technological evolution, civilization's history and social organization, as well as its geography, resource endowment, and ecology, among other factors. These factors give context, content, and set the conditions and parameters in which an economy functions. In modern economies, there are four main sectors of economic activity: Primary sector: Involves the extraction and production of raw materials, such as corn, coal, wood and iron. (A coal miner and a fisherman would be workers in the primary sector.) Secondary sector: Involves the transformation of raw or intermediate materials into goods e.g. manufacturing steel into cars, or textiles into clothing. (A builder and a dressmaker would be workers in the secondary sector.) Tertiary sector: Involves the provision of services to consumers and businesses, such as baby-sitting, cinema and banking. (A shopkeeper and an accountant would be workers in the tertiary sector.) Quaternary sector: Involves the research and development needed to produce products from natural resources. (A logging company might research ways to use partially burnt wood to be processed so that the undamaged portions of it can be made into pulp for paper.) Note that education is sometimes included in this sector. Relation between technology and economy Economic development is a goal of all nation-states, and a life necessity for lesser developed countries. Strategies for economic development stress the importance of science and technology in accomplishing such goals. Because if in an economy science and technology is absent then that specific economy will face a lot of obstacle than the techno based economy. We think it is not barely needed to explain here it should be later. Effect of technology in an economy Technology has such immense benefits in every phase of our lives, that it has not only made our life easier but also has raised the standard of living of every individual. One such department of everyday life related to the business sector is economy. Technology has made the economy of the world climb its highest peaks, which would have been completely disoriented with increasing population and work load over the time. The increasing technology on the e-commerce and internet business has made the business and shopping very easy over the internet, and this has given a real boost to the world's economy.

There have been some extraordinary productivity gains in various nations due to the increase in the use of technology an example is USA. There have been several reports out of Washington, D.C underscoring the importance of economy and how not only the businesses as a whole but also the individuals have been successful. It is worth mentioning that due to the use of latest technologies, everything in a working environment is handled very efficiently. Management of the employees to the inventories everything is very systematically handled. The most important advantage of technology which helps in boosting the economy of the world is that technology makes everything go in ease. Technology eliminates the unnecessary tedious, production processes done manually, which speeds up the delivery of the goods to the market. This has many advantages in itself to the company. It keeps the prices of the goods low which also enables the companies to meet their individual customer's demands very well. May it be any country's profile and past record it is very evident that the implementation of the technology has magnificently shot up the opportunities for individuals and also the economic levels in general.

Technology transfer It is the process of sharing of skills, knowledge, technologies, methods of manufacturing, samples of manufacturing and facilities among industries, universities, governments and other institutions to ensure that scientific and technological developments are accessible to a wider range of users who can then further develop and exploit the technology into new products, processes, applications, materials or services. While conceptually the practice has been utilized for many years (in ancient times, Archimedes was notable for applying science to practical problems), the present-day volume of research, combined with high-profile failures at Xerox PARC and elsewhere, has led to a focus on the process itself. Importing or transferring process Many companies, universities and governmental organizations now have an "Office of Technology Transfer dedicated to identifying research which has potential commercial interest and strategies for how to exploit it. For instance, a research result may be of scientific and commercial interest, but patents are normally only issued for practical processes, and so someone -- not necessarily the researchers -- must come up with a specific practical process. Another consideration is commercial value; for example, while there are many ways to accomplish nuclear fusion, the ones of commercial value are those that generate more energy than they require to operate. The process to commercially exploit research varies widely. It can involve licensing agreements or setting up joint ventures and partnerships to share both the risks and rewards of bringing new technologies to market.

Problems of importing technology Many reasons can be cited for lack of technology transfer successes in the past. The one which typically is of greatest interest to the research community is that the algorithms developed in the past were not considered adequate for operational use. In the speech recognition area, word recognition error rates were intolerably high unless the speech source was limited. So till now it is a very major type problem that still now there is a problem of prefect communication between the countries which are exporting technology and importing also. Its the secondary based problem in front of some primary problem which is really directly effects on our business environment and natural environment also. Here some of problems are shown with a quite summarized shape, Bio-environmental problem Traditional and social problem. Industrial and institutional problem.

Bio-environmental problem: Bio-environment is directly polluter by transferring technology to a new economy. Not a single part of it is polluted, it pollutes every parts of our bio-environment including air, water, sound, soil etc. Here some effected sights are indicated. In the current time for the huge innovation of modern technology different types of fuel engines are invented and they are extremely used in everywhere that means all parts of economy. Those fuel engines are responsible for making a huge amount of injurious fume and smoke. These are consisting with toxic ingredients for which the air is permanently polluted. Technologies used in industries also create chlorofluorocarbon [CFC] which is barely responsible for making huge damage to the ozone layer and ozone layer is covering our world for maintaining normal temperature. So it is a great threat for us. Through the industrial waste and vehicle waste the water is directly contaminated. In the textile mills huge amount of waste color and toxic chemical combination are directly through into the water resources. In this way the safe water reservation are decreasing chronologically. As a result different types of skin diseases are breaking out through the country. Water pollution is another reason of less productivity of crops and fisheries. Different types of industries like cement, ship breaking, leather processing are throwing huge amount of industrial byproduct wastes to the river. These causes infiltration and abnormal filling up of river changing its course. Sound pollution is another outcome of technological application. In the modern economy various types of heavy noise making machines and tools are applied for higher productivity but investors are not concerned about that hazard. The peoples whose are working in that kind of industries are suffering their hearing problem ultrasonic sound. Traditional and social problem: Importing new technology in an economy creates confusion to the people of that economy. Because when a new invention of technology comes to an economy then that is

fully unknown and sometimes unexpected to those people. The technological change comes so first that the people cannot cope up with it successfully. An invention may destroy the economic basis of a country because of the displacements of thousands of workers. Sometimes some critical type of plants which are not environment friendly creates social protests in the society. As per example, nuclear reaction, stainless steel industry, space craft industry are facing critical situation when they are introduced in some new economy. Industrial and institutional problem: When a new technology is introduced in an industry then its unskilled labor feeling critically to be fit with those and suddenly the production level is stroked down. And another type set backs are raise in the industry for the lacking of proper infrastructure it is not easy to use or imply the technology appropriately For the lacking of proper maintenance and expertise the technology sometime fall down and company bear huge amount of loss and productivity also decrease. Conclusion At last we can say that, for optimum performance, organizations need to find the best fit between technology available to them, the socioeconomic environment and their choice of strategy. Technology should not be seen as something to put n place when `big decisions about a firms strategy and structure have already been made. Technology choice is now a part of those big decisions. Recommendations In the above discussion we discussed the things what are take place after or before transferring technology to an economy either a country. Those are not accepted or obliging for a country and economical growth. These are quite obstacle for economical growth and some time can devastate country also. If we see some few back time we can get some clear examples of the destruction. So as an era of modern science and technology, economy also we should do something to squeeze these problems. Firstly we have to think about our bio-environment because without it we cant go further. So it takes the first priority to be concern. We have to indicate what activities are directly responsible for polluting our environment due to our irresponsibleness. And then we have to list up them as per their importance. Some research should be done for reducing the wastage pollution by some unique invention. It would not come without a large investment and high concern about this. So both should be implied simultaneously. We can think about an air filter what will extremely reduce the out flow of carbon dioxide and other toxic element which are produced by some industrial plant and vehicle also. Our new invented ultra gas settler should differ transform the carbon dioxide to carbon and oxygen by some new technology what is not ever invented. We also can think about a cheap and small type water treatment plant what will help us to reduce the water pollution. And also trend to use natural resource as a production elements then the toxicity of wastes will less toxic.

To minimize the sound pollution we have to thing deeply about some new technology what may be not even invented. That means we can invent a prototype vacuum certain which will covered the most noise making engines and other place. Another thing is to make the people more aware about the destruction of pollution. And thats not enough for stop that, some effective rules and regulation should be provided by some international organization like UN, WTO and others related this sector. To solve the social and traditional problem we have to think first before importing some technology. We have to think that is the technology can cope up with an economy and people also. It is a bad idea that thinks profit first and then others, good thing is that every thing should be considered at the very beginning of importing of a new technology in en economy. We have to think peoples emotion, health, religion and ego also. On the other hand every organization should have the testing facilities for raw materials and replacement of the machines. And for these the organizations need more money to invest. It would be very easy for the organizations if the government or non-government banks give them loan at lower interest. The organizations should also increase their ability to absorb technological change. Industrial and institutional problem is another most indicated setback of transferring or importing technology. So we should be very careful about that. We have to make the people more skilled and expert and thus they can easily cope up with the new technology. Trend them to be more change welcome and well known to new and most modern technology. Build more then sufficient implacable infrastructure to adopt the new technology with its full functions. In this way the full and final performance can be achieved. Opinion Our opinion will mostly follow as our recommendation that means we cant go further with our recommendation. Our recommendation shows some ways to overcome the problems but some of them may not be possible for some economy. That is our limitation of recommendation. But in our opinion we will suggest some real life suggestion what will not need some more effort for an economy. Every government should provider a judiciary and applicable rules about this view. The government should think of both, importer and exporter of technology. It is not enough to provide only the rules. The rules and law should be implied properly for all. A massive campaign should be performed all over the country for informing all the people of economy about the things what will needed to reduce the transferring problem of technology. In this way people will be self generated to solve the problem. They will be self prepared to be fit to face the problem. Finally government must have an intention to solve the problem of importing technology by technology. We think technology is the best and perfect way to face any types of problem whether it may be created by technology. References Web site:

 Books:

www.wikipedia.com www.encurta.com www.relationship-economy.com www.research.cornell.edu www.google.com www.answers.com Essentials of Business Environment By K.Aswathappa The International Business Environment By Ian Brooks The Business Environment By Ian worthington Economics and Business Environment By John Sloman Business and Its Environment(5th edition) By D.P Baron