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This can be done in 37 ways. Of these if all the elements are in the set L, then A = B = {2, 3, 5, 7, 8} and this case has to be omitted. Hence the total number of pairs {A, B} such that A X, B X, A = B and A B = {2, 3, 5, 7, 8} is 37 1. 5. Let ABC be a triangle. Let D, E be a points on the segment BC such that BD = DE = EC. Let F be the mid-point of AC. Let BF intersect AD in P and AE in Q respectively. Determine BP/P Q. Solution: Let D be the mid-point of BE. Join AD and let it intersect BF in P . Extend CQ and EP to meet AB in S and T respectively. Now BS [BQC] [BQC]/[AQB] = = SA [AQC] [AQC]/[AQB] CF/F A 1 = = = 2. EC/BE 1/2 [ABQ] [ACQ] [ABQ] + [ACQ] [ABQ] [ACQ] AF AS 1 3 AQ = = = = + = + =1+ = . QE [EBQ] [ECQ] [BCQ] [BCQ] [BCQ] FC SB 2 2 AT [AP E] [AP E] [AP B] DE AQ 3 3 = = = =1 = . TB [BP E] [AP B] [BP E] DB QE 2 2
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Solution: Consider the equation whose roots are x, y, z: (t x)(t y)(t z) = 0. This gives t3 3t = 0, where = xyz. Since x, y, z are roots of this equation, we have x3 3x = 0, y 3 3y = 0, z 3 3z = 0. Multiplying the rst by y, the second by z and the third by x, we obtain x3 y 3xy y = 0, y 3 z 3yz z = 0, z 3 x 3zx x = 0. Adding we obtain x3 y + y 3 z + z 3 x 3(xy + yz + zx) (x + y + z) = 0. This simplies to x3 y + y 3 z + z 3 x = 9. (Here one may also solve for y and z in terms of x and substitute these values in x3 y + y 3 z + z 3 x to get 9.) -00000-
6. Show that for all real numbers x, y, z such that x + y + z = 0 and xy + yz + zx = 3, the expression x3 y + y 3 z + z 3 x is a constant.
(Note: BS/SA, AT /T B can also be obtained using Cevas theorem. A solution can also be obtained using coordinate geometry.)
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BP [BP E] [BP A] [BP E] + [BP A] [BP E] [BP A] BT BD 2 5 = = = = + = + = +1 = . PQ [QP E] [AP E] [AP E] [AP E] [AP E] T A DE 3 3
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