FACEBOOK AND JOB PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEES IN SELECTED GOVERNMENT OFFICES IN ROXAS CITY

A Proposal Presented to the Faculty College of St. John Roxas Banica, Roxas City

In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements in Research I

Hillary Gay Mendoza Gemar Grace Solas Jan Danemark Tuazon

January 2013

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study The advent of social media has brought about various platforms for interaction among millions of people. Social media has become indispensable due to its usability and immediacy. Different types of social media exist in the form of blogs, virtual communities, collaborative projects, social networks etc. Social networking as one form of social media enjoys widespread usage by the populace. Facebook is categorized as a social networking site. It was founded in 2004 and was meant to be an exclusive social interactive site for a prestigious university. Its main goal is to help you connect and share with the people in your life. (Retrieved, Feb 2, 2013). In order to utilize Facebook, users must first register with the site, after which they may create a personal profile page and start adding fellow Facebook users or invite non Facebook users to join the site. Facebook allows interaction among users with similar interests and it provides instant, easy and frequent communication with family and friends. The appeal of Facebook can be contributed to its fun and interactive features like chat, games, photo sharing, organized common-interest groups among others. According to Businessweek Magazine (Sept. 2012), ten billion people or one seventh of the worlds population are active Facebook users. Over thirty million Filipinos are active Facebook users which puts the country in the eight spot among other countries that patronize Facebook. The availability of Facebook on mobile devices has increased magnitude of its reach and effect on the online global social community. Job performance pertains to the activities done by an employee and how well those activities are executed. This concept is most likely to be encountered when tackling industrial and organizational psychology studies. Job performance is a loosely defined concept in this field of psychology. Performing ones job well is a substantial factor to determining the success of a particular organization. According to a most accepted theory proposed by John. P. Campbell and colleagues, job performance is an individual level variable when seen through a psychological perspective (Retrieved, Feb 2, 2012). It simply states that performance is something that only one person does and is different from the performance of the organization as a whole. This performance develops to be the behavior in the workplace of a single person. A good or mediocre performance on the job has a direct effect on the outcome of a particular activity and therefore on the success of an organization. The outcome of a performance does not only rely on the behavior of a single person, extraneous variables may also influence outcomes. The performance of a person must also be relevant to the goal in mind of the whole organization.

Taxonomy of work performance proposed by Murphy (1994) considers down-time behaviors, any behaviors subsequently affecting job performance and are engaged in during free time are considered down-time behaviors. Therefore job performance consists of more than one kind of behavior (Campbell, 1990). Facebook made a big impact to the online Filipino society. Every Filipino Facebook user has in one way or another made it a habit to go on Facebook at various times of the day. Most offices especially government offices utilize computers with internet connections to conduct business. It is unavoidable that office workers are beguiled to go on Facebook during office hours. This behavior of government employees may or may not contribute to the overall performance of the organization. And it may be a variable to consider for a successful government. Facebook usage during office hours and whether this behavior can be considered as a downtime behavior will be considered in this study. Given this phenomenon, we will be looking into Facebook and how it affects job performance. The target population for this study is the employees from selected government offices in Roxas City. This is done to have a better insight into the effect of using social networks such as Facebook during office hours to job performance.

Statement of the Problem This study intends to determine the effect of the use of Facebook during office hours and job performance of selected government employees in Roxas City, Capiz. Specifically, this study seeks to answer the following questions: 1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents? 2. What is the extent of usage of Facebook during office hours? 3. Are there significant differences in the perceived effect of Facebook to the job performance of the respondents when classified according to sex and age group? 4. Are there significant relationships between the use of Facebook and job performance? 5. What is the frequency of logging into Facebook of the respondents during office hours?

Hypotheses The following hypotheses will be tested in the study: 1. Facebook has a significant effect on the job performance of government employees. 2. Facebook has no significant effect on the job performance of government employees.

Significance of the Study

The findings of this study will be beneficial to the following: People in the field of Psychology. Findings in this study may be able to provide vital information to all those involved in the field of Psychology especially in Industrial and Organizational Psychology pertaining to the practice of government employees in relation with the usage of Facebook during office hours. Teachers. Faculty members from different schools may gain insights in this study and utilize this insights in their teaching strategize to enhance learning. Future researcher. The findings may be further validated by researchers conducting similar investigation ieht different variables and settings. Respondents/ Government Employees. The respondents of this study will be able to develop a sense of awareness to the effect of using Facebook during office hours. And also maintain a higher form of responsibility in engaging in such activities in the workplace.

Scope and Limitations of the Study This descriptive relational research focuses primarily on the social networking site, Facebook and its effects on job performance. The respondents will be randomly chosen employees from the various government offices in Roxas City. The data gathering method to be used will be the researcher made checklist questionnaire. The said instrument will be submitted to a panel of experts for content and face validation. Appropriate statistical tools will be utilized in the analysis of data.

Definition of Terms The following are vital words and concepts used in this study defined conceptually and operationally.

Facebook. Facebook is a popular free social networking website that allows registered users keep in touch with friends, family and colleagues (Retrieved, Feb. 3, 2013). In this study, Facebook is referred to as the website in which a person utilizes at the workplace to communicate with fellow workers or family but mainly as a form of entertainment. Job Performance. The work related activities expected of an employee and how well those activities are executed (Business Dictionary, Retrieved, Feb. 3, 2012). In this study, job performance refers to the efficiency of an employee with his or her work in relation to the amount of tasks accomplished in one day. Government Employee. Person employed in the public sector. Government employees are found at all levels of government. They are elected, appointed, or chosen for the civil service on the basis of merit examinations (Retrieved Feb. 3, 2013). In this study, government employee refers to those persons who are hired by an office of the government with the main purpose of carrying out his/her work to serve the needs of the general public.

Roxas City. Roxas City is a medium-sized city in the province of Capiz, Philippines. The city is famed for its aquaculture production dubbed as the country's seafood capital. The city has a population of 156,157 based on the 2010 census. (Contreras, 1993). In this study, Roxas City pertains to the main area wherein most government offices are situated.