GRAMMAR SHEET 1
________________________________________________________________________________ Shes got a Hes got a. Theyve got an . Weve got a..
tent
house
motorbike
bicycle
armchair television
table
chair
She hasnt got a He hasnt got a They havent got a.. We havent got a ________________________________________________________________________________
GRAMMAR SHEET 26
Some / Any
Do we need any eggs? Do we need any eggs? Do we need any salt? Do we need any salt? No, we dont need any. Yes, we need some. Yes, we need some. Weve got some eggs. We havent got any. We havent got any salt.
No, we dont need any because weve got some. Use any for questions ( ? ). We dont need .. bread.
Use some for YES, any for NO (not). Have we got bread? Have we got . bread?
Have we got . chillies? Yes, weve got ., so we dont need . . Have we got . chillies? No, we havent got . . We need . chillies.
How much ?
How much salt do we need? How much bread do we need? How much orange juice do we need? much for things we cannot count / like : water, meat, bread, strength, fun, work
How many .?
How many eggs do we need? How many chillies do we need? How many cakes do we need? many for things we can count like : cups, plates, pies, bread rolls, jobs
So much
So many
Not much
Not many
So . socks on the washing line So . trouble at my mother-in-laws house So . mess in the kitchen So . cars on the road So . rubbish on TV
Not . rice in the bowl Not . apples on the tree Not . programmes on TV Not . oil for frying Not . time to study
GRAMMAR SHEET 25
a chicken
4 chickens
This is a chicken.
The carton is empty. There is / are no more orange juice. This orange is / are very juicy.
1 orange
orange juice
There is / are not enough apple in the pie. He was sitting under the tree when apple / an apple fell on his head.
a / an countable AND uncountable countable / uncountable banana fish nuts milk orange cake biscuits bread lemon potato beans salt aubergine chocolate grapes beef carrot onion sweets sugar mushroom yoghurt bread rolls rice egg chilli crisps garlic -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Do you need to add a? FISH I had .. fish for dinner. I went fishing and I caught . fish. CAKE YOGHURT I baked . cake for his birthday. I use . yoghurt instead of cream. Ive eaten too much . cake. I opened yoghurt and ate it. No, thanks. I cant eat
GRAMMAR SHEET 24
a is missing. Add a before the countable words: Make sure you have all the ingredients before you start. For this recipe you need a flour, butter, brown sugar, small egg, mixed spice, salt and icing sugar. First you should get all the cooking utensils youre going need, like mixing bowl, sieve, pastry cutter and rolling pin. You will need to beat the egg and measure the flour, the butter and the brown sugar before you start. Switch on the oven so that it can be getting hot; you should heat it to 190C / Gas mark 5. Prepare baking tray by greasing it with a little butter or oil. Ingredients: 250g plain flour 125g butter 125g brown sugar 1 small beaten egg 2 teaspoons mixed spice a pinch of salt Method: 1. In large mixing bowl, beat together the butter and the sugar until fluffy. 2. Beat in the egg little by little. 3. Sift in the flour, salt and spice, and mix everything together well. 4. Make it into ball of dough. 5. Sprinkle some flour onto clean work surface, and onto rolling pin. 6. Roll out the dough until it is about cm thick. 7. Cut the dough into biscuit shapes, using pastry cutter. 8. Use the odd pieces of dough which are left by making them into another ball. 9. Roll it out again and make more biscuits. 10. Put the biscuits on greased baking tray and bake them in the oven for about 15 minutes. 11. Take them out when they are light brown, and put them on wire rack to cool. 12. Decorate them with icing sugar by sprinkling it through sieve.
GRAMMAR SHEET 23
Possessives
Ann is Toms wife. Tom is Anns husband. Jack is Toms father. Tom is Jacks son. Sheena is Toms mother. Danny is Toms brother. Sally is Toms sister. Sally is Pauls wife.
Jimmy
Jenny
David
5) Paul
6) Ann
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Jack is Anns father-in-law. Sheena is Anns mother-in-law. Sally is Anns sister-in-law. Ann is Jacks daughter-in-law. Danny is Anns brother-in-law. Paul is Jacks son-in-law.
1) Danny
2) Tom
3) Paul
4) Sheena
5) Jack
eg: Danny is Anns brother-in-law Danny is Jimmys uncle. Jimmy is Dannys nephew. Jack is Jimmys grandfather. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Sally is Jimmys aunt. Jenny is Dannys niece. David is Jimmys cousin. Sheena is Jimmys grandmother.
GRAMMAR SHEET 22
I / me / my / mine
Its
mine.
We have an igloo. Our igloo belongs to us. You have an igloo. Your igloo belongs to you. Its yours.
we us our ours you you your yours they them their theirs
.. .. .. .. ..
He lives here. She lives here. We live here. You live here. They live here.
She married him. Hes . husband. You married him. Hes husband. He married her. Shes .. wife. He married you. Youre . wife. I married her. Shes wife.
She beat me. I didnt beat .. . I beat him. He didnt beat .. . They beat you. You didnt beat .. . You beat her. .. didnt beat you .
Give it to him! Its ! Give it to her! Its .! Give it to us! Its .! Give it to them! Its .!
GRAMMAR SHEET 21
How do you make a cup of tea?
___________________________________________________________________________
First
How do you wash the car?
then
next
finally
________________________________________________________________________________
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
GRAMMAR SHEET 20
Questions
Ask: Your name is Sam. what? What is your name? You are from London. where? Where are you from? You like living in London. why? Why do you like living in London?
OR
Make questions using do you? and did you? Verb to be questions (eg: you are are you?)
Make questions from these notes, changing the verb form to be correct. Then interview someone in your class. Find out as much about them as you can. Examples : what / your / name? > What's your name? where / you / from? > Where do you come from? or Where are you from? 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Ask other questions: 14 15 ................................................................... ? .................................................................... ? what / your / name? where / you / from? where / you / live? what work / you / do? what / you / do / free time? what / you / like / watch / on TV? you / married? you / have / children? where / your children / go to school? your children / speak / English? what / you / find difficult / English? you speak / other languages? what / your favourite food?
GRAMMAR SHEET 19
GRAMMAR SHEET 18
Verbs: be / have / do
See Grammar Sheet 17 for part 1
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
My name .. Sam. I .. English and my wife . Russian. My wife the washing, and I the cooking. We both . the shopping. We .. always very busy. I . 48 and my wife .. 42 years old. We .. two sons. Our eldest son 18 years old. He his homework, but he never the housework.
10. The boys sometimes the cooking. 11. Our younger son .. called Peter and our daughters name Tanya. 12. Peter blue eyes and brown hair. 13. The boys . many computer games which very long and difficult. 14. Tanya .. much younger than her brothers. 15. She hundreds of toys and games, but not computer games. 16. Her brothers cross with her because she always spoiling their game.
GRAMMAR SHEET 17
Verbs: be / have / do
1
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
10. The boys sometimes (do / does) the cooking. 11. Our younger son (am / are / is) called Peter and our daughters name (am / are / is) Tanya. 12. Peter (have / has) blue eyes and brown hair. 13. The boys (have / has) many computer games which (am / are / is) very long and difficult. 14. Tanya (am / are / is) much younger than her brothers. 15. She (have / has) hundreds of toys and games, but not computer games. 16. Her brothers (am / are / is) cross with her because she (am / are / is) always spoiling their game.
GRAMMAR SHEET 16
We must choose the right person and tense of the verb : do, does or did : present or past tense? person? (turn it round to make a question) You like cheese. present tense, you do do you? Do you like cheese? present tense, he does does he? Does he play football? He plays football. present tense, they do do they? Do they live in London? They live in London. She eats meat. present tense, she does does she Does she eat meat? past tense, you did did you Did you have lunch? You had lunch yesterday. 3. We use the verb to do before not : You like cheese. You do not like cheese. He plays football. He does not play football. They live in London. They do not live in London. She eats meat. She does not eat meat. You had lunch yesterday. You did not have lunch yesterday. do not = dont does not = doesnt do not = dont does not = doesnt did not = didnt
2.
4. When we use do + another verb, only do must have the right tense and person: (plays ) She doesnt eat meat. (eats ) Does he play football? Did you have lunch yesterday? (had ) Make questions ( ? ) :
He loves his wife. We live abroad. My sister feels sick. You know my mum. They play tennis. He reads in English. She went shopping. The boys left early. He wants more. His mum lives alone. You had too much. We started eating.
GRAMMAR SHEET 15
Verbs: do / make 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. do the washing 12 do your work do the housework do your homework do the shopping do the cooking do the cleaning do the ironing do the washing up 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. make the bed make a cake make a noise make a cup of tea make a phone call make money make a mistake make trouble make sure 17
GRAMMAR SHEET 14
For example: I have a headache. = I've got a headache. He has a big nose. = He's got a big nose. The house has a beautiful garden. = The house has got a beautiful garden. We have enough money to live on. = We've got enough money to live on. Do you have any brothers or sisters? = Have you got any brothers or sisters?
have
2. 3. When we do something again and again, we must use have (NOT : have got) For example: I've got toothache. / I often have toothache.
We must use have for these expressions: to have lunch / coffee / a snack to have a bath / a rest / a dream to have a day off / a bad day to have a chat / a conversation / a fight to have a swim / a game of tennis to have a try / a go In these expressions: have got cannot be used the short forms "I've", "he's", shes, we've", youve, theyve cannot be used questions are made using "Do /did you have?" or Have you had? 4. We prefer to use had for the past ( NOT : had got) For example: He had a big nose. (NOT : He had got a big nose.)
Here are some sentences with the verb to have. Write out the sentence using have got if its correct.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6.
We ......
He often has a new car. .... She has a stomach ache. .... I have coffee at 11 oclock. Lets have a go! You had more money then. .... .... ....
GRAMMAR SHEET 13
Prepositions
GRAMMAR SHEET 13
GRAMMAR SHEET 12
Prepositions: over, under, on, in, between, to, from, up, down
over 1. Jump over
2. Go under on 3. Sit on
under
4. Put in
in
5. Hang between
b e t w e e n
between
6. Fly from London Airport. from 7. Fly to America. to 8. Climb up up 9. Fall down down
GRAMMAR SHEET 11
___________________________________________________________________________ How do you speak? I speak slowly. / I speak fast. / I speak happily. loudly quietly gently very well not very well beautifully I s p e a k .. s l o w l y
I speak very, very fast. I speak so fast that no-one ever listens! I speak very fast, but I dont say anything
___________________________________________________________________________ When do you wash? I wash every day. / Im washing now. / I never wash. in the morning at the weekend four times a week at 7am after dinner ___________________________________________________________________________ Where do you buy fruit? I buy it here. / I buy it there. / I buy it anywhere.
.... there, at the market Anywhere at the greengrocers at the supermarket near my home far away ___________________________________________________________________________ I buy it here
How do you do the housework? When do you go shopping? Where do you speak English?
... ....
GRAMMAR SHEET 10
He is small am
He is tall is
They are happy are we are (were) you are (youre) they are (theyre)
we are not (we arent /were not) you are not (you arent/youre not) they are not (they arent/theyre not)
I am (Im)
I am . . I not . . We . . We not
GRAMMAR SHEET 9
I like / I dont like I like cooking I like running I like reading I like watching TV I dont like cooking I dont like running I dont like reading I dont like watching TV
read
run
watch TV
fly
swim
Do you like doing the washing? Do you like playing tennis? Do you like studying?
GRAMMAR SHEET 8
am / is / are working
I am he is she is we are you are they are Im working /Hes working /Shes working /Were working /Youre working /Theyre working
What are you doing? What is he doing? What is she doing? What are they doing?
________________________________________________________________________________
read to the children play the trumpet cut down a tree go to school listen to a story
drive a bus mend a car look at a ring carry bags sweep the floor
play the violin ride a bicycle read a newspaper ride an elephant wash the car
paint a picture make a dress dance wait for a bus read a book
15.
16. . 17.
18.
19. ...
GRAMMAR SHEET 7
GRAMMAR SHEET 6
I can / Can you? 1. I can drive a car. 2. I can sing. 3. I can ride a horse. 4. I can swim. 5. I can win a race. 6. I can paint pictures. 7. I can read and write. 8. I can play the piano. 9. I can use a computer. 10. I can speak English. Yes, I can. No, I cant. Yes, I can. No, I cant. Can you drive a car? Can you sing? Can you ride a horse? Can you swim? Can you win a race? Can you paint pictures? Can you read and write? Can you play the piano? Can you use a computer? Can you speak English?
GRAMMAR SHEET 5
He likes apples. What do you like? I like . I like . I like . My son likes football. My husband likes cars. My daughter likes music.
She wants a beautiful garden. What do you want? I want . . I want . . I want . . He wants to play for England. He wants to be rich. She wants to be a pop star.
A poor man needs money. What do you need? I need ... . I need ... . I need ... . He needs to train hard. He needs to work hard. She needs to practise.
every day
at night
in London
in France
GRAMMAR SHEET 4
Verbs
Verbs say what we are doing, how we feel and how we are : sit / play / love / feel / work / move / have Verbs change; they have different endings: to have / has / had / having to do / does / did / done / doing Verbs can be many words together: have got / has had / am having / will have had has worked / has been working / should have been working Verbs need a subject who or what is doing the action : I sit / he sits / the girl is playing / my leg hurts / the car is moving Verbs can look the same as nouns : (noun) my work is hard / (verb) I work hard I cough (verb) / I have a cough (noun) Verbs tell us when and how often something happens : I am working (right now) / I work (regularly) / I worked (before)
* * * * * * * * * * * * * *
It is important to know which words are verbs because we have to change the endings to give the right meaning.
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * Find the verbs and underline them : My name is Bill. I am American. I live in the mountains near Canada. I ve got a wife, two children and a dog. My wife comes from the north of England.
Our children go to school a long way away from our house. The other children at the school all travel a long way from their homes. In the winter there s sometimes a lot of snow. The school has to close if the roads are blocked, because the teachers cant get there.
GRAMMAR SHEET 3
Pronouns
Choose from : my, your, our, their, his, her, its to say who a thing belongs to
eg.
Sams work is good. work is good. work is good. work is good. work is good. work is good. work is good. This is seat. This is painting. That is drink. That is writing. The king is rich. / He is rich. The king > he
1. I work well. 2. You work well. 3. He works well. 4. She works well. 5. We work well. 6. They work well. 7. You sit here. 8. He painted this picture. 9. Shes drinking that. 10. I wrote that.
1. the girl 2. the books 4. my son 5. her son 6. his book 7. his sister 8. our house 9. your children
11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
my daughters your parents her brother the kings mother the girls book our sons house my sisters son the babys room old people young men
3. my husband and I
GRAMMAR SHEET 2
This
isnt my cat
________________________________________________________________________________
Is this my rabbit?
And thats not my rabbit! My rabbit is black. This is not my rabbit _______________________________________________________________________________
Ive got a bag. My bag is black. I havent got a jacket. My jackets at home. Ive got a pen. This is my pen. Thats not my pen. My pen is blue.
pen / book / letter / television / cup / phone / ball / cake / key / bell / guitar ________________________________________________________________________________
Hey!
Thats my money! Give me my money!
GRAMMAR SHEET 27
Sentence Structure
ADD:
examples: I am a happy person. She is not very happy. I am very happy today.
a person;
very;
today;
not;
She is happy. ________________________________________________________________________________ ADD: outside; very; today; not; It is cold. ________________________________________________________________________________ ADD: a girl; very; young; English; She is beautiful. ________________________________________________________________________________ ADD: cakes; chocolate; with nuts; They are delicious. ________________________________________________________________________________ CHOOSE ADD an adjective: a noun: happy a person cold He is a girl very young She is a day delicious It is a cake not chocolate a student English beautiful ________________________________________________________________________________ ADD: not; in the morning; after 10.30am; on Mondays; We are at home. ________________________________________________________________________________ ADD: students; young; from a school in London; They are Chinese. We are English. You are American. ________________________________________________________________________________ JOIN TOGETHER: 1. They are American tourists. 2. She is a young girl. 3. He is a student. 4. They are English students. They are very clever. She is very beautiful. He is not very happy today. They live in London. They are visiting Hong Kong. They go to school in Hillingdon.