BTS312 Hardware Structure

ISSUE 2.0

OMD1100

Wireless Training Department

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Contents

Part 1: Overview
Part 2: Basic Operational Principle of BTS

Part3: Antenna Feeder system Part 4: Assistant System

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General introduction to BTS312

Part1: Overview

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Features and Function

Um interface TUP, ISUP

PSTN ISDN PSPDN

M900/M1800 BSC MS M900 BTS

Other MSC/VLR

A interface

M900/M1800 MSC/VLR
MAP MAP

X.25/ LAN X.25/ LAN M1800 BTS M900 BTS MS M900 BTS OMC HLR/AUC/EIR SMC&VM

MSC: Mobile Switching Center HLR: Home Location Register AUC: AUthentication Center VLR: Visitor Location Register

BSC: Base Station Controller SMC: Short Message Center BTS: Base Transceiver Station VM: Voice Mailbox MS: Mobile Station OMC: Operation/Maintenance Center EIR: Equipment Identify Register

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Features and Function

High integration and low power consumption 15 radio carriers at the Abis sharing an E1 for transmission (15:1) Integrating optical transmission equipment, implementing optical fiber to BTS Supporting the configuration of up to S24/24/24 and facilitating expansion 1-minute fast startup

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Features and Functions

Dual-Band frequency systems GSM PHASE I/PHASE II and GPRS Supporting short message cell broadcast and point to point short message Supporting baseband hopping and RF hopping Supporting the EFR and DTX Supporting A5 encryption and decryption

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BTS312 Cabinet and Boards

TDU

BTS312 Cabinet and Boards: CDU: combiner & divider unit

T R X T R X

SW ITCH BOX FAN BOX

C D U

S C U

T R X

T R X

TRX: transceiver module PMU: power monitoring unit TMU: Timing/Transmission & Management Unit

AIR BOX
C
S C U

T R X

T R X

T R X

T R X

CDU

D U

TRX

PSU: power supply unit TES: transmission extension power supply unit

FAN BOX

C D U

S C U

T R X

T R X

T R X

T R X

TEU: transmission extension unit TDU: time distribution unit

Common equipment

air/fan
P S U

P S U

P S U

P S U

P S U

P S U

P M U

TT T T T MM E E E UUS U U

AIR BOX

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Hardware structure of BTS312

DATA BUS/CONTROL_BUS/TIMING_BUS
External External control alarm

CDU TRX

To antenna

E1

TMU TRX

CDU
FH_BUS

To antenna

Opt. fiber xDSL

CDU

TRX

CDU

To antenna

PSU

PMU
Common unit TRX unit Antenna feeder unit

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Operational Principle of BTS312

Part2: Basic Operational Principle of BTS

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BTS Logical Structure

DATA BUS/CONTROL_BUS/TIMING_BUS
External External control alarm

CDU TRX

To antenna

E1

TMU TRX

CDU
FH_BUS

To antenna

xDSL

CDU

TRX

CDU

To antenna

PSU

PMU
Common unit TRX unit Antenna feeder unit

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TMU
External synchronous clock Extended BIU BIU DBUS Internal data bus BSC

MMI manmachine interface External Alarming control

OMU

CBUS Internal control bus

EAC

MCK

TDU

Internal clock bus

qFunction: Timing Transmission

Standby MCK

Management

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Interfaces of TMU
External synchronous clock Extended BIU BIU DBUS Internal data bus BSC

MMI manmachine interface External Alarming control

OMU

CBUS Internal control bus

EAC

MCK

TDU

Internal clock bus

Standby MCK

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Panel of TMU

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TRX Module Structure

DBUS FH_BUS

TDP SCP DSP CUI

PAU RCU

send Main receiver Diversity receiver

TIMING_BUS Clock processing part RPU TBPU

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Function of TRX
Power amplifier unit (PAU) (output 46dBm/APC)

Over standing wave alarm:

Over-temperature alarm:

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Interface of TRX
DBUS FH_BUS

TDP SCP DSP CUI

PAU RCU

send Main receiver Diversity receiver

TIMING_BUS Clock processing part RPU TBPU

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Panel of TRX

Please press button

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to continue your study.

Part 3 Antenna-feeder System

CDU and Antenna System
TTA(optional)

Transceiving antenna

Combiner & divider unit

Lightning arrester

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Transceiver

TTA(optional)

Diverse Receiving antenna

Lightning arrester

CDU
TX1 TX2 TX-COMB TX-DUP RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 HL-out RX1 RX2 RX3 RX4 HL-in RXD-out

Combiner

Coupler

TX/RX-ANT

Distributor

Distributor

RXD

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Alarm Test
Standing wave testing function:

When the tested standing wave exceeds the preset threshold (1.5:1 or 2.5:1), CDU will give corresponding alarms and indications.

Testing the internal amplifier and the tower amplifier, CDU reports the alarms to TMU.

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SCU
TX1 3dB Bridge TX2 3dB Bridge TX3 3dB Bridge TX4 Tx_Comb

Four carriers are combined and output through 3dB bridges and the plug loss is 6.8dB.

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Antenna Technology

Antenna gain Antenna Pattern Polarization Diversity technology

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Antenna gain
Antenna gain indicates the antenna feature of radiating electromagnetic waves in specific directions. Normally, the higher the gain, the stronger the far field strength.

A B

GainA>GainB

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Antenna Pattern
The antenna pattern describes the radiating abilities of antennas in all directions. In the field of communication, this normally refers to the horizontal pattern.

360

120

90

65

Omni Antenna

Directional antenna

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Polarization
Two types of polarization: Vertical polarization Horizontal polarization

The types of antenna divided

by polarization: Single polarization antenna -Vertical polarization for GSM -One port for one feeder Bi-polarization antenna +45 degree and -45 degree Two ports for two feeders

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Diversity technology
Polarization diversity Types of diversity: Save antenna

Space diversity d>10 x wavelength

Frequency diversity Frequency hopping

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Feeder
There are several forms for the main feeder:
7/8 inch CABLE LOSS=0.043dB/m 5/4 inch CABLE LOSS=0.032dB/m 1/2-inch super-flexible jumpers CABLE LOSS=0.11dB/m Used between the antenna and the main feeder Between the antenna and the booster Between the cabinet and the lightning arrester

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Process of BTS
BSC TDU TMU DBUS TRX

Traffic signaling
CDU Antenna

BSC

TDU

TMU

TBUS

TRX

Clock signaling

BSC

TDU

TMU

CBUS

TRX

Control signaling

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TDU
Function:Time Distributing Unit

Providing clock channels in one synchronous cell Transferring the E1 signals in the local cabinet Providing alarming channels Bus connection

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Cabinet connection
Clock bus connection in a synchronous cell

C D U C D U C D U

C T T T T D R R R R U X X X X C T T T T D R R R R U X X X X C T T T T D R R R R U X X X X
P M

C D U C D U C D U

C T T T T D R R R R U X X X X C T T T T D R R R R U X X X X C T T T T D R R R R U X X X X
P T T M M M

C D U C D U C D U

C T T T T D R R R R U X X X X C T T T T D R R R R U X X X X C T T T T D R R R R U X X X X
P T M M

C D U C D U C D U

C T T T T D R R R R U X X X X C T T T T D R R R R U X X X X C T T T T D R R R R U X X X X
P M

PSU

PSU

P SU

PSU

U U U

U U

Basic Extension cabinet cabinet Basic cabinet group

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Basiccabinet

Extension cabinet

Extension cabinet group

Power Supply
Three modes for BTS312 power supply: 220VAC Used for the AC power supply cabinet, with
the AC/DC module and batteries attached;

-48VAC Used for the DC power supply cabinet with

the DC/DC module and no battery; Used for the DC power supply cabinet, with no +24VAC AC/DC module or DC/DC module, nor any battery;

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Power Supply System

220VAC IN

EMI filter EMI filter

+
-48VDC IN

Load

Anti-lightning Power distribution

Monitoring unit PMU

AC/DC (DC/DC) module

AC/DC (DC/DC) module

AC/DC (DC/DC) module

AC/DC (DC/DC) module

+
+24VDC IN

EMI filter
DC contacter

26VDC OUT

Battery group Fuse

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PMU
PMU (Power Monitoring Unit) structure
AC power supply

AC/DC

AC/DC

AC/DC

AC/DC

Fan

Power monitoring unit PMU

Fuse Load Battery

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PMU
The configuration of PMU:
mode 24VDC 48VDC capacity (TRX) boards (PSU) boards (PMU) 1~12 1~3 4~6 7~9 10~12 220VAC 1~3 4~6 7~9 10~12 0 2 3 4 5 3 4 5 6 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
One PSU for backup.

notes

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FMU
Fan Monitoring Unit (FMU)

Providing fan feed Fan revolution speed control Alarm detection Interfaces

24V power supply input interface Fan box power supply input interface Fan fault alarm termina

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Lightning Arrester
Lightning Arrester is used to prevent the equipment from being damaged by the lightening current inducted by the core line of the feeder. CDU and Antenna System
TTA(optional)

Transceiving antenna

Combiner & divider unit

Lightning arrester

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Transceiver

TTA(optional)

Diverse Receiving antenna

Lightning arrester

TTA (Optional)
The tower amplifier is installed next to the receiving antenna. It can be used to increase the receiving sensibility of the base station. consisting of: Triplex filter Low noise amplifier

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Part 4 Environment Supervising

The BTS room is unattended and distributed in large area. Component: Environment alarm box Collecting external environment parameters through various sensors, report to TMU. TMU Collecting the alarm signal, performs corresponding processing, and reports it to BSC.

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Main/Auxiliary Cabinet
Each BTS312 cabinet can accommodate 12 carriers. When the number of cell carriers is over 12, multiple cabinets need to be equipped, classified as main cabinet and auxiliary (backup) cabinets. One set of BTS312 equipment group can contain two cabinets (24 TRX). For the maximum capacity site, there are three groups with 72 TRX.

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