10 | 2009 US-Taiwan High Technology Forum | Clean Energy

Vertical Axis Small Wind Turbine Breakthrough and Small Wind Turbine Application Limit
Jacken Chen, General Manager Hi-VAWT Technology Corporation jacken@hi-energy.com.tw

Abstract In the attempt to reduce the global warming effect, small wind turbine (SWT) is expecting to play more and more important role in the upcoming future. The traditional small wind turbine technology has been dominated by Horizontal Axis Small Wind Turbine (HASWT) for decades. However, the noise nuisance and the questionable practical power performance have been reported in two key problems of the traditional HASWT which limits SWT application very much. Vertical Axis Small Wind Turbine (VASWT) is considered as a good solution to overcome the noise nuisance of SWT application. Whereas, it is reported that VASWT has problems of either failure of self-start or poor power performance. The industry is looking for a good VASWT to expand market of SWT. Biography Jacken Chen is a founder and general manager of Hi-VAWT Technology Corporation (Hi-VAWT), a company specializing in the design and manufacture of VASWT since January 2005. The unique design of Hi-VAWTs VASWT accomplishes excellent low wind self-start and high power efficiency. Hi-VAWT has been selling the products successfully in Europe, UK, Korea, Taiwan and China; and is expecting to develop market sale in USA market starting year 2010. Jacken Chen accomplished his bachelor degree of Chemical Engineer in 1979 at Tatung University in Taiwan. He started his first job career in Taiwan as sale representative of Freon* products for Dupont company. Many years later, Freon* products was under global control because of ozone depletion problem; he established his own company involved in mechanical, electronic and textile business for several years. In January 2005, Jacken decided to organize a company namely Hi Energy Technology Co., Ltd. for R&D and production of VASWT. Later on, the company decided to change company name as Hi-VAWT Technology Corporation in October 2009 in order to keep away from any possible similar name conflicts with some other companies in USA and Italy.

The Breakthrough Of SWT

Presented By Hi-VAWT Technology Corp.

CONTENTS
Company Profile The Target Market Overview Of SWT The Studies Of The Traditional SWT Problem & The Appropriated Solution Of Hi-VAWT Global SWT Market Is Going To Takeoff Hi-VAWT Applications

Company Profile Of Hi-VAWT Technology Corp.

Company Goal
Living With Nature

Company Profile
Company Establishment: January 20, 2005 Company Name: Hi-VAWT Technology Corp. Company Logo: Core Business: Design & Manufacture of VASWT Capital: US$ 4,000,000 by April 2009. Business Item: Design & Manufacture Current Employee Number: -Taiwan: 19 persons -China: 25 Persons

ProductionFactory
TaiwanLinkou
Function:R&D,Operation center&Production Factoryspace:1,250sqmeters MonthlyProductionCapacity: 200setsDS3000

ChinaKunshan
Function:Massproduction FactorySpace:7,000sqmeters MonthlyProductionCapacity: 1,000setsDS3000

Joint Resources Efforts Of Taiwan

Government Industry Universities

Approved by Taiwan government as national R&D support project in government R&D aid of US$430,000 R&D Subject Joint University Professor Name Power Controller Generator Air Dynamic Simulation Mechanical Simulation Wind Tunnel Test & System Integration Chin-Hwa University Taiwan Technical University Chen-Kung University Pan Chin-Tsai Wong Pei-Zhen Lin Hsien-Chun Miau Jun-Yee

The Target Market Overview Of SWT

Global LWT Grows Quickly

Average Global

annual market growth reaches 32%;

LWT market amount was around US$15 billions or annual installed capacity of 15,197MW in year 2006 Global Annual Installed Capacity of Wind Power
1 16,000 14,000 12,000 10,000 MW 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 0 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Year 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 : 2 ( 1)

Information From EWEA

Global PV Market Is Larger Than LWT

Annual

average market growth is around 35%; Global annual market amount hit US$20 billions or annual installed capacity of 2,249MW in year 2007
Annual Installed Capacity of PV EU 1800 1600 1400 1200 MWp 1000 800 600 400 200 0 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 Year 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 0 500 1500 2000 Global 2500

1000

Information from EIPA

PV vs. WP
Power cost of SWT is 20 times more than LWT and 60% more than SWT; but PV market is larger. SWT market is only 1% around of PV SWT is confined to use in rural area which market is small. Why? (Information from AWEA website)
Installe Electricity Pay d Cost Cost back (US$/W) (US$/kWh) Yrs Potential Cost Yr 2010 (US$/W) Typical Installation Site Current Global Market Size (US$ billions)

LWT PV SWT

0.9~1 6~8 4~5

0.035 0.61 0 22 25 15

Remote Area 3.0 Suburban

10 11 0.15

15

Rural

Centralized Power Concept

Power plant of billions watts power generator operated by professional team. Supply power through grid network which is huge infrastructure investment Nuclear and gas power plants are traditional examples. LWT is the representative example of clean energy.

Distributed Power Concept

Small scale power generator for self power supply and operated by amateur people. Power generator should get close to the user so as to reduce the power loss during power transportation. Diesel generator is an example of traditional power. PV and SWT are the choices of clean energies.

Grid-tied wind power

Stand alone wind power

Distributed Power Trend Of PV

Distributed power has contributed more than 95% among PV applications
Global Cumulative Installed PV
10000 8000

MW

6000 4000 2000 0 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Year Off Grid Grid-tied Distributed Grid-tied Centralized

Information from EIPA

Target Market Of SWT:1kW~100kW

SWT Merits: Low cost of WP + Distributed Power of PV 2000kW Large Scale

LWT:
Centralized Power Plant SWT: Middle Cost, Middle Scale, Distribution Power Diesel Generator

Low Cost

High Cost Small Scale Small Scale

PV: Distributed Power

1kW

The Studies Of Traditional SWT Problems & The Appropriated Solutions Of Hi-VAWT

SWT Market Is Small Because Of HASWT Design Fails to Fit SWT Distributed Power Application
Geographic Turbulence

Problem Noise Nuisance

HASWT Design Fails To Handle Geographic Turbulence Problem Of SWT Application

Turbulence Area Wind

Upwind

Downwind

Noisy Nuisance Of HASWT Makes It Unacceptable for Suburban Installation

It is 45 (dB) even the HAWT is 300 meters away

45dB Noise Limit For SWT Is Becoming International Standard

Europe applied 45dB noise standard started Jan. 2009; USA & Canada will follow soon. Conventional HASWT is unable to fit the requirement

HALWT vs. HASWT

Wind Direction Problem:
LWT is using anemometer to assure wind direction has been change and drive servo motor to rotate wind turbine toward the correct wind direction. LWT is not sensitive to the random wind direction change. SWT designed with tail which expected to trace wind direction directly; but it results that SWT has been too much sensitive to the random wind direction change. LWT is operating at rated 12~20 rpm; the noise is acceptable. SWT is operation at rated 500~1,200 rpm; the comparatively high rotor speed results in very high noise.

Noise Problem:

Technical Challenge of VASWT

--Low Wind Self-start + High Power Efficiency
Critical Parts Rotor Design Challenge Low wind Self-start Competition Solution Clutch Potential Problem Expensive Design Waste Energy

Generator Extreme low Motoring start up torque

Conventional Solution for self-start

Failure Of Motoring Start In Japan

News Source : InterNet Daily News Mainichi Daily Newspaper, February 3rd, 2006
Citizen Group Requests An Audit for Unmoving Wind Turbine Swaying Dream Project Ibaraki Prefecture For the Tsukuba-Citys Mahoroba Project, which plans to install totally 75 units of small typed wind power turbines in 52 elementary and junior high schools in the city within 3years from the year 2004, city group members stood up for making an audit request against the Mayor Kenichi Ichihara calling for a reimbursement of the project expense of pprox. 300million yen for the reason that such the sufficient power generation as expected in the target will be hardly achieved. Dream project which is said to have two ideal aspects of environmental education and reduction of electricity consumption is now widely swaying around.

Shinko Electric Co., Ltd.

After the investigation by the city group, however, total generation while the turbines operated from July to November last year was only 103kWh, which is only 0.002% of the planned 60,000kWh.

E&E Co., Ltd.

Self-start Problem Of European VASWTs

Quietrevolution/UK needs 4.5m/s wind speed to start

Ropatec/Italy changed design entirely in year 2007 Turby/Hol. Has been unable to cmmercial the design because of self-start problem

North American VASWTs Have The Same Problem

Low Power Efficient Designs

Clean Field/Canada using motoring start

SWT Market Is Expecting A Real Solution

HASWTs: are going to face noise problem regulated by SWT Standard Competition VASWTs: are facing either selfstart problem or low power efficiency problem

Hi-VAWT Is Designed To Fit SWT Application

Hi-VAWT Solution
Excellent Wind Direction Adaptability: fit to install at urban area such as roof of mansion. Comparative Silent: no noisy problem.

Genuine Self-start of Hi-Energy VAWT

Hybrid Blades Design of Rotor: Low Wind Startup + High Wind Efficiency
Darrieus Blades High efficiency

Savonius Blades Low wind self-start Self start at 3m/s wind speed

Appropriated Hi-Energy PMG

-for genuine low wind self-start
Hi-Energy Coreless/Direct Drive PMG

Traditional PMG needs motoring start or high wind start

Global SWT Market Is Going To Takeoff Right Now

WP Target OF EU 4% In Year 2008 To 30% by Year 2030

EU Regulated 20% of the residential power should use renewable energies by year 2020; both SWT and PV are encouraged.

How can we get away from petroleum energy?

SWT Market in UK Has Grows in Average 2~3 Times Annually

BWEA forecast 60 millions British pounds by year 2009

 Starting Feb. 2009, USA Federal government offers 30% tax rebate incentive for SWT. The incentive program of SWT is same as PV. USA SWT market grew by 73% in year 2008 and market sale was US$77 millions; AWEA forecasts USA SWT market will become 20 times bigger by year 2013 or US$16 billions annual sale. SWT standard including noise regulation will be published in late June 2009 and effective to apply in year 2012.

USA Market Grows Strongly

Japan SWT Market Research Done By Yano Economic Research Report In Year 2005

SWT Japan Market Survey Summarization

VASWT Will Replace HASWT

(Quantity unit: sets; Amount Unit: million Japanese Yen)
Year <500W 500W~1kW 1kW~20kW Total HASWT VASWT 2001 Quantity 1961 168 95 2224 2081 49 Amount 953 150 381 1484 1112 78 2005 Quantity 5320 436 701 6459 5121 900 Amount 2859 495 1216 4606 2637 1291 2008 Quantity 10694 309 2801 13804 9041 3463 Amount 9775 532 4020 14327 4909 6876

Total Market: Average annual market growth is 40% Design: VASWT sale was only 7% of HASWT in year 2001; but VASWT sale will exceed 40% of HASWT by year 2008 Unit Price: VASWT is 3.67 times of HASWT

Hi-VAWT Applications

Hi-Energy VAWT Product General Specifications

Product 300W 1.5kW 3kW 5kW 10kW

Dimen A sion (m) B

1.24 1.0

2.8 3.2

4.0 4.5

5.5 6.2

7.0 7.7

Generator Direct Drive, Coreless PMG, Out rotor type Converter Stand alone battery /Inverter storage system Cut in WS Rated WS Dynamic grid connected system 15m/s 60m/s

<3m/s Cut out WS 12m/s Survival WS

Black is commercial available; Blue is to be available in year 2008

Hybrid Street Lamp System

300W(WP)+85W(PV)+LED

2008/04 , TSMC, Taiwan

Hybrid Street Lamp System

300W(WP)+85W(PV)+LED lamp

2009/9,KunsanCity ,China

DS300 For Fishing Boat

2009/4, Wen-Zhou, China

DS300 For Off-grid Families

China Village Lighting Program Power Breakdown
Loading LED Lamp TV Radio Qty Pwr (Set) (W) 2 1 1 11 70 15 Time (hr) 5 4 5 Daily (kWh) 0.11 0.28 0.075 0.465

International Funds

Total Daily Power Requirement

Battery banks

Off-grid Farmer

300W(WP)+200W(PV)inGanSuChina

Ventilation Fan WP Recovery

400W Gird-tied Wind Power Recovery System

LCD Manufacturer, AUI, Taiwan

DS1500/DS3000 Roof Installation

2008/11, Taiwan

DS1500 High Building Installation

2009/2, Japan 2008/12, Hong Kong

DS3000 For Isolated Island

2007/11, Green Island Taiwan

Telecom Station
1.5kW(WP)+1.5kW(PV) 300W(WP)+200W(PV)

2009/4SKTKorea

Monitoring System
300W(WP)+85W(PV)

2009/2IncheonWaterSupplyCorp.,Korea

DS3000 For Residential Power

2008/10, Samsung Construction Korea

DS3000 For Resorting Hotel

2008/4, India

Sightseeing Village
2009/2, Parking Lot, Taiwan 2008/10, Highway, Taiwan

Advertising Board
2009/7, Germany

DS3000 Grid-tied in School

2009/9, Boston USA

DS3000 Grid-tied in Factory

2009/6, Dallas USA

Product Roadmap
Hybrid Street Lamp
DS300 Ventilation Fan Recovery

Battery
DS1500

Grid-tied
DS3000

LED Light Advertising System UL and VDE Power Supply For Tele-communication Station

DH1K DH5K DH10K

Light weight DIY Turbine

Community Applications

Patent Status
Green color for patented items; black color for patent pending items Patent pending since April 2008 in USA, Germany, UK, India and Korea

Patent Item
Wind Rotor (1) Wind Rotor (2) Clutch Optimum Ratio Between Savonius & Darrieus Blades Double Axis Structure VAWT Appropriate Generator Out-rotor Generator Special Dumper Power Factor Control

Patent type New Style New Style New Type Invention New Type New Type New Type New Type New Type

TWN
D115854 D115855 M288334 94137850 M310950 M312834 96210000 Applying Applying

China

Japan

20062016 20060785.X 266733

Applying Applying

Thank You For The Attention