CHANGES
IN THE
SCHEDULE
FOR
2010
The 2010 schedule differs from the previous schedule as follows: The HPV footnote (footnote 2) has been revised to include language that a bivalent HPV vaccine (HPV2) has been licensed for use in females. Either HPV2 or HPV4 can be used for vaccination of females aged 19 through 26 years. In addition, language has been added to indicate that ACIP used a permissive recommendation for use of HPV4 in males. To reduce redundancy, the measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) footnote (footnote 5) has been revised by moving
See also: Print Editorial comment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Web-Only Appendix Conversion of graphics into slides CME quiz
sentences from the measles and mumps componentsspecic sections, indicating that adults born before 1957 generally are immune, to the beginning of the MMR footnote. The MMR footnote has been revised to clarify which adults born during or after 1957 do not need 1 or more doses of MMR for the measles and mumps components. Interval dosing information has been added to indicate that a second dose of MMR should be administered 4 weeks after the rst dose. The MMR footnote has been revised to clarify that women who do not have documentation of rubella vaccination should receive a dose of MMR. A section has been added to highlight recommendations for vaccinating health care personnel born before 1957 routinely and during outbreaks. The inuenza footnote (footnote 6) has been revised to distinguish between seasonal and pandemic inuenza by adding the term seasonal. The hepatitis A footnote (footnote 9) has been revised to include an indication for the hepatitis A vaccine for unvaccinated persons who anticipate close contact with an international adoptee. The hepatitis B footnote (footnote 10) has been revised to include schedule information for the 3-dose hepatitis B vaccine. The meningococcal vaccine footnote (footnote 11) has been revised to clarify that the meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MCV4) is preferred for adults aged 55 years or younger and that the meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (MPSV4) is preferred for adults aged 56 years or older. The footnote has been revised to clarify that revaccination with MCV4 is recommended for adults previously vaccinated with MCV4 or MPSV4 and a new example of who is at increased risk is provided. Information has been added on who does not need to be revaccinated. The selected conditions for Hib footnote (footnote 12) has been revised to clarify which high-risk persons can receive 1 dose of Hib vaccine. The Adult Immunization Schedule is available in English and Spanish at www.cdc.gov/vaccines/recs/schedules /adult-schedule.htm. General information about adult vaccination is available at www.cdc.gov/vaccines/default.htm. The ACIP statements for specic vaccines are available at www.cdc.gov/vaccine/pubs/acip-list.htm. Instructions for reporting adverse events to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System are available at www.vaers.hhs.gov or by telephone (800-822-7967).
From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
* The 2010 ACIP Adult Immunization Schedule appeared simultaneously in Annals of Internal Medicine and MMWR Recommendations and Reports. Readers who wish to cite the schedule should use the following citation: Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. Recommended Adult Immunization Schedule: United States, 2010. Ann Intern Med. 2010:152:36-9. For a list of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, see the Appendix (available at www.annals.org). 36 5 January 2010 Annals of Internal Medicine Volume 152 Number 1 www.annals.org
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FigureContinued.
Footnotes
For complete statements by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), visit www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/ACIP-list.htm.
1. Tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Td/Tdap) vaccination
Tdap should replace a single dose of Td for adults ages 19 through 64 years who have not received a dose of Tdap previously. Adults with uncertain or incomplete history of primary vaccination series with tetanus and diphtheria toxoid-containing vaccines should begin or complete a primary vaccination series. A primary series for adults is 3 doses of tetanus and diphtheria toxoid-containing vaccines; administer the rst 2 doses at least 4 weeks apart and the third dose 612 months after the second; Tdap can substitute for any one of the doses of Td in the 3-dose primary series. The booster dose of tetanus and diphtheria toxoid-containing vaccine should be administered to adults who have completed a primary series and if the last vaccination was received 10 or more years previously. Tdap or Td vaccine may be used, as indicated. If a woman is pregnant and received the last Td vaccination 10 or more years previously, administer Td during the second or third trimester. If the woman received the last Td vaccination less than 10 years previously, administer Tdap during the immediate postpartum period. A dose of Tdap is recommended for postpartum women, close contacts of infants younger than age 12 months, and all healthcare personnel with direct patient contact if they have not previously received Tdap. An interval as short as 2 years from the last Td is suggested; shorter intervals can be used. Td may be deferred during pregnancy and Tdap substituted in the immediate postpartum period, or Tdap can be administered instead of Td to a pregnant woman after an informed discussion with the woman. Consult the ACIP statement for recommendations for giving Td as prophylaxis in wound management. during the inuenza season. No data exist on the risk for severe or complicated inuenza disease among persons with asplenia; however, inuenza is a risk factor for secondary bacterial infections that can cause severe disease among persons with asplenia. Occupational: All healthcare personnel, including those employed by long-term care and assisted-living facilities, and caregivers of children younger than age 5 years. Other: Residents of nursing homes and other long-term care and assisted-living facilities; persons likely to transmit inuenza to persons at high risk (e.g., in-home household contacts and caregivers of children younger than age 5 years, persons 50 years and older, and persons of all ages with high-risk condition[s]). Healthy, nonpregnant adults younger than age 50 years without high-risk medical conditions who are not contacts of severely immunocompromised persons in special care units can receive either intranasally administered live, attenuated inuenza vaccine (FluMist) or inactivated vaccine. Other persons should receive the inactivated vaccine.
3. Varicella vaccination
All adults without evidence of immunity to varicella should receive 2 doses of single-antigen varicella vaccine if not previously vaccinated or the second dose if they have received only one dose, unless they have a medical contraindication. Special consideration should be given to those who 1) have close contact with persons at high risk for severe disease (e.g., healthcare personnel and family contacts of persons with immunocompromising conditions) or 2) are at high risk for exposure or transmission (e.g., teachers; child care employees; residents and staff members of institutional settings, including correctional institutions; college students; military personnel; adolescents and adults living in households with children; nonpregnant women of childbearing age; and international travelers). Evidence of immunity to varicella in adults includes any of the following: 1) documentation of 2 doses of varicella vaccine at least 4 weeks apart; 2) U.S.-born before 1980 (although for healthcare personnel and pregnant women, birth before 1980 should not be considered evidence of immunity); 3) history of varicella based on diagnosis or verication of varicella by a healthcare provider (for a patient reporting a history of or presenting with an atypical case, a mild case, or both, healthcare providers should seek either an epidemiologic link with a typical varicella case or to a laboratory-conrmed case or evidence of laboratory conrmation, if it was performed at the time of acute disease); 4) history of herpes zoster based on diagnosis or verication of herpes zoster by a healthcare provider; or 5) laboratory evidence of immunity or laboratory conrmation of disease. Pregnant women should be assessed for evidence of varicella immunity. Women who do not have evidence of immunity should receive the rst dose of varicella vaccine upon completion or termination of pregnancy and before discharge from the healthcare facility. The second dose should be administered 48 weeks after the rst dose.
12. Selected conditions for which Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine may be used
Hib vaccine generally is not recommended for persons age 5 years and older. No efcacy data are available on which to base a recommendation concerning use of Hib vaccine for older children and adults. However, studies suggest good immunogenicity in patients who have sickle cell disease, leukemia, or HIV infection or who have had a splenectomy. Administering one dose of Hib vaccine to these high-risk persons who have not previously received Hib vaccine is not contraindicated.
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U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has taken steps to assure that there is technical compliance with ethics statutes and regulations regarding nancial conicts of interest. Concerns regarding the potential for the appearance of a conict are addressed, or avoided altogether, through both pre-and postappointment considerations. Individuals with particular vaccine-related interests will not be considered for appointment to the committee. Potential nominees are screened for conicts of interest, and if any are found, they are asked to divest or forgo certain vaccine-related activities. In addition, at the beginning of each ACIP meeting, each member is asked to declare his or her conicts.
Members with conicts are not permitted to vote if the conict involves the vaccine or biologic being voted upon. Members of the ACIP have disclosed the following: Grants received: J. Englund (MedImmune, Sano Pasteur, Novartis); W.A. Keitel (Novartis). Payments made to Tufts Medical Center for participation in clinical trials: C.H. Meissner (MedImmune, Wyeth).
Corresponding Author: Carol Friedman, DO, Immunization Services
Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road Northeast, Mailstop E52, Atlanta, GA 30333; e-mail, cxf7@cdc.gov.
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