CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background English is an international language in all over the world. In Indonesia, English is a foreign language.

As an international language, it is necessary to Indonesian, especially for students to learn it. It will useful wherever we go whether in this country or go abroad. Therefore, there is an English subject in all education level. In learning a language there are four skills should be mastered. They are reading, writing, speaking, and listening. Those all cannot far away from the grammar rules. Functional grammar can be involved into spoken or written. It focus on the purposes and uses of language. The single most influential exponent of systemic functional grammar is Michael Haliday. He asserts that the relationship between the wordings people use and their meaning is not arbitrary. Language is functional, so study of language from alone cannot fully explain systematic language use. Language use and linguistic elements and specific language events can be systematically examined from functional point of view. Moreover, in learning English, There are some functions of language. This paper would specify it into three functions. They are interpersonal metafunction; the clause as exchange, textual metafunction; the clause as message, and experiental metafunction; the clause as representation. Those are function must be mastered by student, especially english student in university level. They need to know how to analize text and be able to recognize the function each clause. Therefore, this is written to help english student in analizing text.

B. Identification Based on the background above, this paper identifies the problems as follow: 1. English students hard to understand about the function of clause 2. Students cannot determine the parts of claus

C. Limitation The fact that must be masteredby english student semester 5 is functional grammar, so it is limited for genre, and grammar, text and content.

D. Formulation Based on background and pronunciation before, so it can be formulated: 1. Which one is interpersonal metafunction; the clause as exchange? 2. Which one is textual metafunction; the clause as message? 3. Which one is experiential metafunction; the clause as representation?

CHAPTER II ANALYSIS TEXT

TEXT 1 THE CAR WITH INNER STRENGTHS

Do Finite Mood

you Actor Subject

want strength

in

times of Circ; time Adjunct

crisis? (offering)

Theme

Material Goal Pred Complement Residu Rheme

A reinforced passenger safety cell with a ring of steel and front and rear crumple zones Actor Subject Mood Theme

will Material Finite Mood Rheme

help. Pred Residu

(statement)

Do Finite Mood Theme

you Actor Subject

want material Pred Residu Rheme

confidence Goal Comp

in your actions? (offering) Circ; matter Adjunct

You Carrier Subject Mood Theme

will

have, with an energy Atrbute Pred Residu

absorbing

side impact protection

Attr; poss Finite Rheme

Circ; accompanient Adjunct

system and driver and passenger airbags. Circ; accompanient Adjunct Residu Rheme

(statement)

Do Finite Mood Rhe-

you Actor Subject Theme

want to be material pred Residu -me

in control of your life? (offering) Circ; matter Adjunct

Dont worry, front and rear anti roll bars (imperative) Carrier Finite Mood RheSubject Theme

will

provide surefooted handling.

Atrrtv; int Finite Pred Residu -me

attribute Complement

Do Finite Mood Rhe -

you Actor Subject Theme

want

a greater sense of security? ( offering)

material Goal pred complement residu -me

Remote control central locking, an alarm and key pad engine immobiliser
4

Carrier Subject Mood Theme

should Atrr; int Finite Mood Rheme

banish Pred Residu

any insecurities. (stetement) Attribute Complement

Do Finite Mood Rhe-

you Actor Subject Theme

want to cope Material Pred Residu -me

with the outside world more easily? (offering) Circ; accompanient Adjunct

Well, Subject Mood Theme Continuative

an acoustically engineered floor pan minimises Actor Material Finite Rheme

engine noise, Goal Complement Residu

Whilst exterior sounds (statement) Carrier Subject Mood Theme Conjunctive Do Finite you Actor Subject

are minimised thanks to

comprehensive sound deadening.

Atrbtv; int finite Rheme

Pred Residu

Attribute Adjunct

want to be able Material Pred

to make

decisions? (offering) Goal complement

5

Mood Rhe-

Theme

Residu -me

Simply

cut out Material Definite

the coupon, or phone free on 0800 262 262 Goal Complement

to receive Material Pred

Residu Rheme

an information pack. (imperative) Goal Complement Residu Rheme

Then you (statement) Carrier subject Mood Theme conjunctive

can decide

between 3 levels of trim and 2 different engine sizes.

Attrb;int attribute Finite Pred Complement Residu Rheme

Do Finite

you Actor Subject

want to feel Material Pred

confident? (offering) Goal Complement

Then you

need

the confidence and inner strengths

provided

Actor Subject Mood Theme Conjuctive

Material Goal Finite Complement Residu Rheme

Material Finite

by the new Citron Saxo. (statement) Circ; manner Adjunct Residu Rheme

NOTHING Actor Subject Mood Theme

MOVES material Finite Rheme

YOU LIKE A CITRON. (statement) Goal Compl Residu Circ; rule adjunct

From the text analysis above we can see there are underline words and italic words. The underline words are: 1. 2. 3. 4. Want. Want is modulation inclination, medium. Can . can is mo Will. Will is modalization, usuality, medium Should. Should is modulation, obligation, medium

The italic words are: 1. Safety. Safety is appraisal, attitude, security/positive 2. Security . security is appraisal, attitude, positive 3. Insecurities. Insecurity is appraisal, attitude, negative

TEXT 2

THE NEW TOYOTA YARIS.

IT Actor Subject Mood Theme

DEFIES Material Finite Rheme

LOGIC. (statement) Goal Complement Residu

Sports cars Carrier Subject Mood Theme

are

beautiful. (statement)

Attrbtv;int Attribute Finite Compl Residu Rheme

Small cars Carrier Subject Mood Theme

are Atrb; int Finite Rheme

practical. atrbute Goal Residu

(statement)

That Carrier Subject Mood Theme

's

the conventional wisdom.

(statement)

Atrb;int Goal Finite Complement Residu Rheme

Here Circ;time Adjunct ReRheme

's

the unconventional. (statement)

Atrb;int Attribute Finite Complement -sidu

The new Toyota Yaris Carrier Subject Mood Theme

is

both.

(statement)

Atr;int Attribute Finite Complement Residu Rheme

It Carrier Subject Mood Theme

has Atr;poss Finite Rheme

a stylish innovative shape which Attribute Complement Residu

is

also the most

Iden;int Value Finite Complement

aerodynamic in its class. Value Complement Residu Rheme Circ;place Adjunct

(statement)

Making

it

both easy

on the eye and on the pocket. (IMPERATIVE)

9

Material Finite Rheme

Goal Complement Residu

Circ ; matter Adjunct

Inside Circ;place Adjunct

it

's

the same.

(statement)

Carrier Attr;int Subject Finite

Attribute complement

A beautifully-designed holographic instrument panel, angled towards the driver, makes Actor Subject Mood Theme Material Finite Rheme

keeping your eyes Goal Complement Residu Rheme

on the road and on your instruments less of a strain. (statement) Circ;place Adjunct

It Token Subject Mood Theme

's Iden;int Finite Rheme

also

very spacious (2.5 cubic metres) with a rear seat that Circ; manner Adjunct Circ; accomp

Value Complement Residu

Moves forward Material Adjunct Residu Rheme

up to

15 cm to increase Circ

the size of the boot, or

folds down

10

completely Circ Adjunct Residu Rheme

for when

you

really need

more room.

(statement)

Available Material Finite Rheme

in 3 and 5 door versions, prices range from 7,495 to 11,245 Circ; matter Adjunct Residu

and there (statement) Adjunct

's

a choice of payment schemes

to make

ownership even easier.

Existential Existent Finite Complement Residu Rheme

Circ; matter Adjunct

What could be

more practical?

(QUESTION)

Attrb; int Attribute Finite Pred Complement Residu Rheme

3 year/60,000 mile warranty. Telephone 0800 777555 www.toyota.co.uk/yaris

The car Carrier

in front Circ;place

is Attrb;int

a TOYOTA YARIS (statement) Attribute

11

Subject MoTheme

Adjunct ReRheme

Finite -od

Complement -sidu

From the text above, there is one low modality could be

12

CHAPTER III COMPARING A. SIMILARITIES From those two analysis we can conclude the similarities: 1. Both of them have statements 2. Both of them have modalizations 3. Both of them have interpersonal metafunction 4. Both of them have tetual metafunction 5. Both of them have experiental metafunction

B. DIFFERENCES From those two analysis we can conclude the differences:

Text 1 1. It is a kind of goods and services text 2. There are nine statements 3. There are 7 offerings 4. There are 2 imperatives 5. There is no question 6. There are two modalizations 7. There are nine modulations 8. Appraisals; 2 emhpaty positive, 1 judgement

Text 2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

It is a kind of information text There are sixteen statements There is no offering There are 3 imperatives There is 1 question There is one modalization There is no modulation There is no appraisal.

13

CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION

There three function of clause. They are interpersonal metafunction; the clause as exchange, textual metafunction; the clause as message, and experiental metafunction; the clause as representation. In each function also there some differentials such as transitivity, mood element, theme, subject, finite, circumstance, process, participant, modalization and modulation.

14

THE NEW TOYOTA YARIS It

Actor

defies
Material

logic.
Goal

Sports car
Carrier

are
Attributive:intensive

beautiful.
Attribute

Small cars
Carrier

are
Attributive:intensive

practical.
Attribute

That
Token

s
Id : intens

the conventional wisdom.

Value

Here
Attrib : Circumstance

s
Attributive

the unconventional.
Carrier

The new Toyota Yaris

Carrier

is
Attributive:intensive

both.
Attribute

It
Carrier

has
Attributive:possesive

stylish innovative shape which

Attribute

is
Attributive:intensive

also the most aerodynamic

Attribute

in its class.
Circ : Place

Making both easy on the eye and on the pocket. s

Id : Intens

Inside
Circ : Place

It
Token

the same.
Value

A beautifully-designed holographic instrument panel, angled towards the driver,

Actor

makes keeping
Material

your eyes
Goal

on the road and on your instruments

Circ : Place

less of a strain
Circ : Manner of Quality

15

It
Token

is
Id : Intens

also very spacious (2,5 cubic metres)

Value

with a rear set

Circ : Accompaniment

that moves
Material

forward up to 15 cm
Circ : Place

to increase the size of the boot,

Circ : Cause Purpose

or folds down
Circ : Cause Purpose

completely
Circ : Manner of Quality

for when you really need more room.

Circ : Cause Behalf

Available in 3 and 5 door versions,

Circ : Matter

prices
Behaver

range
Behavorial

from 7.495 11.245

Circ : Matter

to make ownership even and there s a choice of payment schemes easier.

Existential

Existent

Circ : Cause Purpose

What

could
Actor

be
Material

more practical?
Goal

3 year/ 60.000 miles warranty. Telephone 0800 777 555

www.Toyota.co.uk/Yaris

The car
Actor

in front
Circ : Place

is
Attributive

a TOYOTA YARIS

Attribute

16

17

THE NEW TOYOTA YARIS It

Subject Mood

defies
Finite Pred

logic.
Complement Residue

Small cars
Subject Mood

are
Finite

practical.
Complement Residue

That
Subject Mood

s
Finite

the conventional wisdom.

Complement Residue

Here
Subject Mood

s
Finite

the unconventional.
Complement Residue

The new Toyota Yaris

Subject Mood

is
Finite

both.
Complement Residue

It
Subject Mood

has
Finite

stylish innovative shape which

Complement Residue

is
Finite Mood

also the most aerodynamic

Complement

in its class.
Adjunct Residue

both easy on Making it the eye and on Inside the pocket.

P F S Mood Adjunct Residue Adjunct ResiSubject Mood

It

s
Finite

the same.
Complement -due

18

A beautifully-designed holographic instrument panel, angled towards the driver,

Subject Mood

makes
Finite

keeping
Predicator

your eyes
Complement

on the road and on your instruments

AdResidue

less of a strain
-junct

It
Subject Mood

is
Finite

also very spacious (2,5 cubic metres)

Complement Residue

with a rear set

Adjunct

that

moves
Finite Pred Mood

forward up to 15 cm to increase the size of the boot,

Adjunct Resi-

or folds down completely for when you really need more room.
Adjunct -due

Available in 3 and 5 door versions,

Adjunct

prices
Subject

range
Finite Mood

from 7.495 11.245

Adjunct Residue

to make ownership even and there s a choice of payment schemes easier.

Subject

Finite Mood

Complement Residue

Adjunct

What
Subject Mood

could
Finite

be more practical?
Complement Residue

19

3 year/ 60.000 miles warranty. Telephone 0800 777 555

www.Toyota.co.uk/Yaris

The car in front

Subject Mood

is
Finite

a TOYOTA YARIS

Complement Residue

20

THE NEW TOYOTA YARIS It

Topical Theme

defies logic.
Rheme

Sports car
Topical Theme

are

beautiful.
Rheme

Small cars
Topical Theme

are practical.
Rheme

Thats
Topical Theme

the conventional wisdom.

Rheme

Heres
Topical Theme

the unconventional.
Rheme

The new Toyota Yaris

Topical Theme

is both.
Rheme

It
Topical Theme

Has stylish innovative shape which

Rheme

is

also the most aerodynamic

in its class.

it both easy Making on the eye and Inside on the pocket.

Topical Theme Rheme Textual Theme Topical Theme

Its

the same.
Value

A beautifully-designed holographic instrument panel, angled towards the driver,

Topical Theme

makes keeping
Rhe-

your eyes on the road and on your instruments less of a strain

-me

21

It
Topical Theme

is

also very spacious (2,5 cubic metres) with a rear set

Rheme

that moves forward up to 15 cm to increase the size of the boot, or folds down
Rheme

Completely for when you really need more room.

Rheme

Available in 3 and 5 door versions, prices range from 7.495 11.245

Topical Theme

and theres a choice of payment schemes to make ownership even easier.

Rheme

What
Textual Theme

could
Topical Theme

be more practical?
Rheme

3 year/ 60.000 miles warranty. Telephone 0800 777 555

www.Toyota.co.uk/Yaris

The car in front

Topical Theme

is a TOYOTA YARIS

Rheme

22