TENSES

TYPES OF TENSES HOW TO FORM TENSES? WHEN TO USE TENSES CORRECTLY? WHAT TIME WORD TO USE FOR

TYPES OF TENSES Simple Tenses Progressive Tenses Perfect Tenses

Perfect Progressive Tenses

HOW TO FORM TENSES?

SIMPLE TENSES PROGRESSIVE TENSES PERFECT TENSES PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSES

PRESENT

sail sails does not + sail do not + sail sailed, worked bought, slept cut, put will + sail is + sail are + sail

is + sailing are + sailing am + sailing was + sailing were + sailing

has + sailed have + sailed has + slept have + slept had + sailed had + slept

has + been + sailing have + been + sailing

PAST

had + been + sailing

FUTURE

will + be + sailing

will have + slept

will + have + sleeping

SIMPLE TENSES: WHEN TO USE TENSES CORRECTLY?

EXAMPLES PRESENT 1. He works at the factory. 2. Does he work at the factory? 3. They attend the seminar every week. EXPLANATION Describe facts. Describe habitual actions. Describe actions happened at a time in the past. It began & ended in the past.

1. He worked at the factory. 2. Did he work at the factory? 3. They attended the seminar every week.

PAST FUTURE

1. He will work at the factory. 2. Will he work at the factory? 3. They will attend the seminar every week.

Describe actions that will take place at a time in the future.

TASK 1: FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH CORRECT SIMPLE TENSES.

1. Every Friday, we ______ (go) to the mosque for Friday prayer. 2. ______ you ______ (read) newspaper everyday? 3. They ______ (not, attend) the talk by the Dean earlier this morning. 4. She ______ (fly) to Scotland next month. 5. The classroom ______(accommodate) 36 students. 6. Freedom to possess guns ______ (cause) the rise of gun shooting incidents in American schools. 7. Where ______ Shila ______ (live) before she moved to Ipoh? 8. The minister ______ (launch) the book in a few days time. 9. Why ______ the lady ______ (say) the word listen 11 times? 10. As soon as the new semester ______ (begin), Ill buy a new phone.

TASK 2: REWRITE EACH SENTENCE WITH THE PRONOUNS/NOUNS SHOWN.

1. I rarely find a good book in our library. You ________________________________. She ________________________________.

2. He goes home early. We ________________________________. A group of students ________________________________.

3. The newly-wed couple flies for Italy.

They ________________________________. Gary and Brenda ________________________________.

TASK 3: REWRITE THE SENTENCES BELOW INTO SIMPLE PAST TENSE

1. I dont understand the way the lecturer behaves.
2. Rashid helps his friends. 3. Someone steals my wallet.

4. Does Ravi live here?

TASK 4: REWRITE THE SENTENCES BELOW INTO ITS NEGATIVE FORM.

1. I have time for you.

2. Our children were at home.

3. The girls from our class win the dancing competition.

4. The poor mother has enough money to buy food.

5. Salman will fly to Korea in summer.

TASK 5: CHANGE THE SENTENCES BELOW INTO QUESTIONS.

1. The breakfast is delicious.

2. The undertaker made the funeral ceremony looks memorable.

3. He will join the army next year.

4. We rented the house because the price is reasonable.

5. My youngest sister knows how to drive a manual car.

TASK 6: FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE SIMPLE TENSES.

1. Give a) He always ______ his wife a bouquet of flowers on her birthday. b) My teacher ______ us a test last Monday. c) Mr Jones ______ us a test next week. 2. Buy a) As soon as the new semester begins, I ______ a motorcycle. b) She ______ a toaster for her friends wedding last week. c) He often ______ bread for his old neighbour.

PROGRESSIVE TENSES:
EXAMPLES PRESENT

WHEN TO USE TENSES CORRECTLY? EXPLANATION Describe action that is in progress at the present time.

1. He is working at the factory. 2. Is he working at the factory? 3. They are attending the seminar now.

1. He was working at the factory. 2. Was he working at the factory? 3. They were attending the seminar when the accident happened.

Describe action that was in progress at a particular time in the past. Usually include extra information. Describe an action which was in progress a time in the past.
Describe action that will be in progress at a particular time in the future Describe an action which was in progress a time in the future.

PAST FUTURE

1. He will be working at the factory. 2. Will he be working at the factory when we arrive? 3. They will be attending the seminar when you arrive.

TASK 1: FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH CORRECT PROGRESSIVE TENSES.

1. 2. At the moment, they ______ (work) hard to pass the exam. She ______ (talk) to a group of children when I arrived.

3.
4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

She is in her class now. She ______ (study) Ship Materials.

Yesterday, my parents ______ (watch) the television at home while we______ (go) out for a movie. Nora ______ (do) her homework when her mother returns from work in the evening. ______ Ikmal ______ (listen) to the radio when I called? He didnt answer my call. ______ you ______ (play) football this evening? The debaters ______ (argue) competitively so that they can win the tournament. ______ they ______ (bully) the girl? It looks like the girl needs some help.

10. Psy ______ (perform) on stage when more fans arrived from every parts of Penang.

COMPARISON BETWEEN SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE AND PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE

Time word
Simple Present Tense always, often, regularly, usually, occasionally, once a month, every day, annually, etc Present Progressive Tense now, at the moment, at present, currently, presently

Examples
Simple Present Tense We play futsal every Friday. Faisal works as a teacher. He is unemployed. Present Progressive Tense We are playing futsal now. At the moment, Faisal is teaching in the class. He is currently looking for a job.

TASK 2: FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH VERBS IN THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE OR PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE
1. Alvin ______ (go) to the park with his friends every Sunday. 2. Now, he ______ (play) with his friends in the park. 3. Yes, you can have it. I ______ (not, use) the book at the moment, said the lecturer. 4. What ______ Johan ______ (do) now? 5. It often ______ (rain) in Taiping. 6. She ______ still ______ (study) to be an engineer. 7. Do not disturb me. I ______ (study) for my exam.

8. Mr Gopal usually ______ (mow) the lawn once a week.

9. My relatives regularly ______ (stay) at my house when they visit Penang. 10. My relatives ______ (stay) at my house at the moment.

COMPARISON BETWEEN SIMPLE PAST TENSE AND PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE

In describing a story, writers often use the past progressive tense to refer to a background scene and the simple past tense to refer to main actions. Examples
Simple Past Tense Past Progressive Tense

Suddenly, Johnny came round the I was standing under a tree. It was corner and walked right up to me. getting late and I was feeling anxious. I Sorry Im late, he apologized. was waiting for my friend, Johnny.

TASK 3: FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH VERBS IN THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE OR PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE
1. She ______(cut) herself as she ______(slice) some potatoes.

2. While Ahmad ______(dig) for some worms behind his house, he ______ (find) a treasure map.

3. At 8am yesterday, Dato Sri Najib ______(be) in Sabak Bernam. He ______(give) a speech on BR1M at 9am.

4. Police ______ (shoot) dead all members of the notorious gang when they ______(escape) from the ambush.

5. We ______(not, bathe) for two days because there ______(be) no water.

PERFECT TENSES:

WHEN TO USE TENSES CORRECTLY? EXPLANATION

EXAMPLES PRESENT

1. He have worked at the factory. 2. Have he worked at the factory? 3. They have attended the seminar for 2 hours.

The exact time is NOT IMPORTANT. To show actions that ended a short time ago. To show action that has happened in the past & still continue in the present time.
Describe action that had completely finished before another action in the past. The action of attending had completely finished before we arrived.

1. He had worked at the factory. 2. Had he worked at the factory? 3. They had attended the seminar when we arrived.

PAST FUTURE

1. He will have worked at the Describe actions that will be factory. completely finished before another 2. Will he have worked at the time in the future. factory? The action of attending will 3. They will have attended the complete before their friends arrive. seminar when their friends arrive.

TASK 1: COMPLETE THE TABLE BELOW

Root word catch do eat fight make Past tense Past participle

pay steal
see swim take understand write hide

TASK 2: REWRITE THE SENTENCES IN THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE.

1. Ms. Fadlina takes her daughter home. Ms Fadlina has taken her daughter home. 2. We ride on a bus. ___________________________________ .

3. Do you make cookies? ___________________________________ . 4. The students submit their assignment on time. ___________________________________ .

COMPARISON BETWEEN SIMPLE PAST TENSE AND PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Simple Past Tense She wrote three reports last night. (the time is clearly stated) Our Dean managed MIMET for two years. (the dean does not manage MIMET anymore) They read two story books last week. (last week is already over) Present Perfect Tense She has written three reports. (time is not stated) Our Dean has managed MIMET for two years. (the dean still manages MIMET)

They have read story books this week. (this week is not over yet)

TASK 3: FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE OR THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
1. I ______ (meet) Susan in 1990. she ______ (be) my best friend ever since. She ______ (never, meet) her father. He ______ (die) in an accident when she was very young. Although he ______ (get) up a few hours ago, he ______ (not, make)his bed yet.

2.

3.

4.
5.

Last month, we ______ (go) to the museum four times.

They ______ (not, see) land for days since they ______ (leave) the island.

TASK 4: CHANGE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES TO THE NEGATIVE AND QUESTION FORMS
Positive 1. He had sprained his ankle. 2. The officials had postponed the match. Negative Question

3.We have done our chores.

4. He has gone to Karabi Island.

TASK 5: REARRANGE THE FOLLOWING WORDS OR PHRASE TO MAKE CORRECT SENTENCES. PUT A COMMA WHERE NECESSARY
1. had closed / The bank / by the time / I / there / reached.

2. washed / She / had watered / after / the plants / her car / she.

3. Alis wife / he / had / eaten / home / already / when /came / from work.

4. yesterday / had / gone out / already / but / phoned / I / me / Jasmin.

5. the medicine / Kim / the doctor / took / which / had prescribed

TASK 6: FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE OR THE PAST PERFECT TENSE
1. Yesterday, I ______ (buy) some durians.

2. I ______ (eat) the cake which I myself ______ (bake).

3. Rashidah ______ (win) a match in a lucky draw three days ago.

4. Josephine ______ (be) in trouble. She ______ (forgot) to bring her history textbook.

5. He ______ (drink) the tea. Then he ______ (eat) the toast.

TASK 7: COMPLETE THE SENTENCES BELOW USING VERBS IN THE SIMPLE PAST OR PAST PERFECT TENSE
1. Before they had time to answer to answer the questions, ___________________________ .

2. ___________________________ by the time he arrived.

3. After she had baked the cake, ___________________________ .

4. The ship had left the port when ___________________________ .

5. She fainted after ___________________________ .

TASK 8: REWRITE THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE SENTENCES IN THE OTHER FIVE TENSES
1. Aidil - buy - a new phone. Simple present: Aidil buys a new phone every time Apple launches its latest product. Simple past: Aidil bought a new phone last weekend. Present perfect: Aidil has bought a new phone. Past perfect: Aidil had bought a new phone as soon as he received MARA loan. Simple future: Aidil will buy a new phone next month. Future perfect: Aidil will have bought a new phone once he receives his MARA loan.

TASK 8: REWRITE THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE SENTENCES IN THE OTHER FIVE TENSES
2. The cadet - sail - past the seven oceans. 3. We conduct group work. 4. A group of candidates visit our neighbourhood. 5. Members of the Diners Club enjoy discounts at selected restaurants.
Simple present: Simple past: Present perfect: Past perfect: Simple future: Future perfect:

-THE END-

-Questions anyone?-