Robot Diaries Arm Lab

July 2011 Educational Robotics for the Classroom 16-651 Submitted by: Theresa Richards

Description: Students will create a physical model of the arm and arm muscles to demonstrate flexion and extension of the arm at the elbow and the wrist using Robot Diaries Kit. This lesson would be conducted as series of lab activities after the skeletal system and muscle system units are completed. Other lab activities completed by the student include Dissection of a Bovine Long Bone where they learn about macroscopic anatomical features such as the difference between spongy bone and compact bone. Students also dissect a chicken wing (or chicken arm) learning macroscopic features of skin, connective tissues (ligaments, tendons, adipose tissue, bone), and muscles. The new lesson using Robot Diaries integrates new material about circuits, programming, and robotics with their knowledge of the anatomy of the arm. This is a draft of the lesson; the final lesson will include the lab handout that will be provided to the students as well as a completed muscles chart. Next year (2012-2013) I would like to implement the previously used Modeling Muscles Lab along with the surveys included here to learn the effect, if any, of integrating robotics into a lab on muscle function. The Modeling Muscles Lab handout is attached. Lesson Goals: Students will apply knowledge of muscles, bones, and attachments as they create a robotic arm model that moves in response to sensors (light or distance). Complete Pre Arm Lab Survey http://www.surveymonkey.com/s/VF98K3Z . Part 1: introduction to Robotics A. What is a robot? a. Be able to identify a robot and its functions b. Be able to distinguish between an autonomous and a tele-operated robot. B. What is a sensor? a. Be able to identify a sensor and its functions C. What is an electric circuit?
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a. Be able to create a complete electric circuit using wires, a battery, and a light bulb. D. Identify the components of the Robot Diaries Kit. a. Be able to identify the components and their functions. b. Be able to identify the parts of the Hummingbird board. E. Students will use the Hummingbird compatible software to program their robotic model a. Install the Hummingbird software onto student laptops.

Part 2: Making the model Creating this model will allow students to apply their knowledge of the names of muscles, locations of muscles, the attachments, and functions. A. Creating the table of muscles. A. Determine the muscles involved in flexion and extension of the arm at the elbow i. Include name, attachments (origin, insertion), and function. B. Determine the muscles involved in flexion and extension of wrist i. Include name, attachments (origin, insertion), and function. B. Using the list of materials make the models of the bones and muscles A. Rubber bands (tendons) B. Foam board (bones) C. Foam ball ( shoulder) D. Fabric/material (muscle) E. Tape (white, red) (labels) F. Glue gun, glue sticks G. Fine point sharpies H. Other craft materials I. Robot diaries kit C. Create the components of the model: the humerus, radius, ulna, wrist, hand using the above materials. Students may find and include images of real anatomic parts for their model.

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Part 3: Integrate the model with the Robot Diaries Kit. Set up the model of the bones, muscles and attachments. 1. Using hot glue attach the modeled anatomical parts to the motors, servos, and foam board background. A. Include LED(s) B. Include at least 1 sensor C. Include at least 2 servos i. Set up the servo correctly so you know the initial and final positions of the horn. D. Write the expressions for the motion E. Write the sequences for the motion. F. Combine sequences with counts and loops. 2. Demonstrate the model Complete the Pre and Post arm lab survey http://www.surveymonkey.com/s/VF9N6NR .

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Rubric for Assessment Robot Diaries Arm Lab RUBRIC CONTENT/POINTS 5 Chart of Arm All 10 arm Muscles (2) muscles included. All origins, insertions, functions are correct. Muscles on the 10 arm model (2) muscles are placed on the model. Accuracy of All attachments of attachments muscles (2) are labeled correctly and legibly Accuracy of models All bones are of bones (1) labeled correctly and connected correctly Functionality of the 1 sensors is sensors included and it (1) functions Functionality of model (2) Model demonstrates 5 or more motions including both extension and flexing of the arm and wrist 4 8 arm muscles included. All origins, insertions, functions are correct. 8 arm muscles are placed on the model. Between 1 and 3 errors in attachment labels One bone is mislabeled 3 6 arm muscles included. All origins, insertions, functions are correct. 6 arm muscles are placed on the model. Between 4 and 6 errors in attachment labels 2 bones are mislabeled 2 4 arm muscles included. All origins, insertions, functions are correct. 4 arm muscles are placed on the model. Greater than 6 errors in attachment labels There are no correctly labeled bones

1 sensor is included and it does not function Model demonstrates 4 motions including both extension and flexing of the arm and wrist

2 sensors but they do not function Model demonstrates 3 motions including both extension and flexing of the arm and flexing or extending of the wrist

No sensors

Model demonstrates 2 one extension and and one flexing of the arm or wrist

50 points possible

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Standards PA Science Technology and Engineering Education Standards: BIO.A.1.2.2: Describe and interpret relationships between structure and function at various levels of biological organization (i.e., organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and multicellular organisms). 3.1.12.A5: Analyze how structure is related to function at all levels of biological organization from molecules to organisms. 3.1.10.A8: Investigate the spatial relationships of organisms anatomical features using specimens, models, or computer programs. S11.A.3.2: Compare observations of the real world to observations of a constructed model. 3.2.10.4: Describe quantitatively the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance to electrical energy and power. 3.4.10.C1: Apply the components of the technological design process. NSES 3.3.12B Analyze the chemical and structural basis of a living organism Evaluate relationships between structure and functions of different anatomical parts given their structure 3.6.12B Analyze knowledge of information technologies of process encoding, transmitting, receiving, storing, retrieving and decoding. Apply and analyze advanced information techniques to produce a complex image (model) that effectively conveys a message

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Human Anatomy and Physiology Modeling Muscles Lab

Using nylon stockings as models of various muscles you will construct some of the muscles of the arm and leg. You will learn the muscle origins, insertions and actions or movements of the muscles. Purpose: Identify some of the different muscles of the arm and leg. Model the structure of a muscle. Observe the movement of muscles and opposing pairs of muscles.

Materials: Skeleton tape nylon stockings paper towels Scissors Needles thread www.getbodysmart.com

Procedure: 1. Complete charts and terminology using your text and the Get Body Smart website as resources. On the web site, click on Muscular System. Choose from the menus related to your muscles. Some muscles are on more than one menu so check carefully to be sure you have the most complete information. Click on each muscle in turn to find its origin and insertion. Note any differences between the information in the web site and your text. 2. Choose 2 muscles to build: one from the leg, and one from the arm. You will be attaching them to either the right or left arm or leg. 3. Review the locations of the origins and insertions on the skeleton. Use tape to label or mark the origin and insertion of your 2 muscles on the skeleton. Put your initials on your tape. 4. Construct the muscle models. 5. Assemble the models by securely taping or tying the muscles to the skeleton. 6. Photograph your models. Print photos to attach to your lab handout 7. Demonstrate the muscle actions when all the muscles are attached.

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Use information from your text, the power point slides, www.getbodysmart.com, and other web sites to fill out the following chart.

Muscles of the leg Rectus femoris

Origin

Insertion

Action

Sartorius

Gluteus maximus

Semimembranosus

Semitendinosus

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Gracilis

Gastrocnemius

Soleus

adductor longus

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Muscles of the arm and hand Brachialis

Origin

Insertion

action

Brachioradialus

Biceps brachii

Triceps brachii

Deltoid

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Flexor carpi radialus

Adapted from Modeling Muscles by By: Lauren Goodwyn and Sarah Salm The Science Teacher, Dec 07 Richards Educational Robotics in the Classroom Page 9