Staircase is the stair which lead mankind to the upper floor in a building, including the enclosure walls.

Staircase also a set of stairs in a building, usually with banisters or handrails.

Staircase are one of the oldest building elements in architectural history. Staircase are an integral part of our daily life. The associations connected with the stair of the Paris Opera or those sweeping sets in the Busby Berkeley movies of 1930s.

RECENT HISTORY Historic stairs show a great variety of approaches, ideas and executions. But, also their dependence on architectural styles and philosophies.

Staircase can design 4 basic shape, its follow as 1. straight stair 2. L stair 3. return stair 4. geometry stair circular stair spiral stair elips stair

Its also recognise like small house stair. Easy to build and economic. Without platform.

Its has 90 degree to turn. Its can be to reduce of build space. But, its not leisure, cause it design sloping, narrow and not safety.

U shape, 180 to turn and with a platform. Its has platform half space. Goodness for this stair that have a one commencement point and last point that same at every stage. Its always use for block the fire.

Geometry stair a divided to a) circular stair b) elips stair c) spiral stair This stair has a decorative quality. Use a minimum space Its not good to move Furniture or equipment.

Stair have many uses. Its can help human to move from another floor to different floor. Its also can help human to escape from fire. Size standard for other stair is

Riser must not be more than 180mm Tread also not be less than 255mm

Staircase has a component like baluster or handrail. High of the handrail at least 760mm until 860mm. Also can be 900mm until 1000mm. Concrete cement and iron generally the materials uses for build the staircase.

For the safety stair, it must have a structure strong and stable. Its also must have a quality to prohibit fire at least not be less half one hour. Handrails also important in a safety factor staircase, because its can easy for human move and to hold at it. So, it can to evade human from to decrease.

Its design by follow the laws of building construction. Component the stair follow as treads, riser, platform, and baluster. Handrails should be oval or around 1 .

For example :

Circular stair placed between wall and it supporting at the inner string. Treads should be a minimum 8 at a distance 15. Treads may be steel, cement, wood or others materials. Landings and platform supported by beam or cantilever constructions.

We choose the U stair shape. Its a 180 degree to turn. Size of this staircase : riser = 165mm treads = 255mm width = 2300mm x 3200mm high = 2970mm

Plan view

We have go site, and research about this stair. This stair a show room for proposed the Taman Malakun. At Penampang, Sabah.

This stair use a finishing timber or parquet at its floor. Railing of this stair use a iron, but its a decorative.

Around the staircase also use a skirting. Handrail also use a timber.