Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 1 www.sanskritweb.

net/yajurveda
Taittirya-Prtikhya
Original text with translation by William Dwight Whitney
(Journal of the American Oriental Society, 9, 1871)
Proofread on the basis of Whitneys edition
by Ramesh Srinivasan, August 2005
1-1
H 4T BPlVl4-+{-{+
Now the list of sounds. || 1-1 ||
1-2
H +4l|(6- BPl+ll|T+{--+
Now the nine at the beginning are simple vowels. || 1-2 ||
1-3
B4T F4(l +{-(+
Two and two, short and long, are similar. || 1-3 ||
1-4
+ - 69 4 P+{-v+
Not so, when a protracted vowel precedes. || 1-4 ||
1-5
9l7Hl|(6- F4l-+{--+
The sixteen at the beginning are vowels. || 1-5 ||
1-6
H9l -4V+l|++{-\+
The rest are consonants. || 1-6 ||
1-7
HlHl- 9|4H|6 F9Hl -+{-+
The first twenty-five are mutes. || 1-7 ||
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 2 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
1-8
9l6Ul 5-6Fl-+{-<+
The next four are semivowels. || 1-8 ||
1-9
9 97!PlT-+{-+
The next six are spirants. || 1-9 ||
1-10
F9Hl+lPl+ 9 -4 T 99 4l -+{-{+
Of the mutes, the successive fives are the series. || 1-10 ||
1-11
9P|6l46 6l46 l Pl-+{-{{+
And are called first, second, third, fourth, and last. || 1-11 ||
1-12
7!P|4B= +l49P|6l4l Hl 9l-+{-{-+
The spirants, visarjanya, and the first and second mutes, are surd. || 1-12 ||
1-13
+ (Tl-+{-{(+
But not h. || 1-13 ||
1-14
-4V+H 9l l 94l+ +{-{v+
The rest of the consonants are sonant. || 1-14 ||
1-15
Hl9l4l 9l-4|9|69||4+lt4 9Bl -+{-{-+
, pra, ava, upa, abhi, adhi, prati, pari, vi, ni - these are prepositions. || 1-15 ||
1-16
4T - Tll l 4Tl4l+{-{\+
A sound followed by kra is the name of that sound. || 1-16 ||
1-17
HTl-44 6l -4V+l+lP+{-{+
But with an a interposed, in the case of the consonants. || 1-17 ||
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 3 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
1-18
+ |4B= +l4|=lP l4l 9\Pl+l4l+ F4l+l|B14l+lP +{-{<+
Not of visarjanya, jihvmlya, upadhmnya, anusvra, and the nsikyas. || 1-18 ||
1-19
9TF6 F4+{-{+
Of r, however, epha forms the name. || 1-19 ||
1-20
F4l 4Tl N4lTlP+{--+
The short vowel, with vara after it, is the name of the three vowels. || 1-20 ||
1-21
HTll -4V+l+lP +{--{+
An a forms the names of consonants. || 1-21 ||
1-22
(TF4 +{---+
As also, of a cited word. || 1-22 ||
1-23
H-Tl HlP|4Tl|l |9+lP +{--(+
a makes the name of an increment, or of an element suffering alteration or elision. || 1-23
||
1-24
(T 4l+{--v+
Or the simple citation. || 1-24 ||
1-25
HlB B ((+{---+
In case of doubt, citation is made of the next. || 1-25 ||
1-26
H+ TF4l|9+{--\+
Even of more than one. || 1-26 ||
1-27
9Pl 4l l 4l 4l+{--+
A first mute, followed by the word "series", is the name of the series. || 1-27 ||
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 4 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
1-28
H |4TlF4+{--<+
a makes the name of a product of alteration. || 1-28 ||
1-29
9 4 |6 9 4 -+{--+
By preceding is meant preceding. || 1-29 ||
1-30
9 t4 -+{-(+
By following is meant succeeding. || 1-30 ||
1-31
+Tl-Tll F4l +{-({+
and are short. || 1-31 ||
1-32
HTl+{-(-+
Also a. || 1-32 ||
1-33
6 + BPl+TlF4-+{-((+
Also any vowel having the same quantity with the latter. || 1-33 ||
1-34
H+ F4l+{-(v+
Also anusvra. || 1-34 ||
1-35
|F6l4l-(l -+{-(-+
An element of twice that quantity is long. || 1-35 ||
1-36
|- - 6-+{-(\+
An element of three times that quantity is protracted. || 1-36 ||
1-37
F4l Tl -4V+P +{-(+
A consonant has half the quantity of a short vowel. || 1-37 ||
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 5 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
1-38
76(l-+{-(<+
A syllable uttered in a high tone is acute. || 1-38 ||
1-39
+l + (l-+{-(+
In a low tone, grave. || 1-39 ||
1-40
BPl(l- F4|6-+{-v+
Their combination is circumflex. || 1-40 ||
1-41
6F4l|(6F6lP(ll(-6 4l4( F4F4+{-v{+
Of this circumflex, in case it immediately follows an acute, the first part, to the extent of half a
short vowel, is uttered in a yet higher tone. || 1-41 ||
1-42
7(lBP- H 9-+{-v-+
The remainder has the same tone with acute. || 1-42 ||
1-43
B-4V+l 5|9+{-v(+
Along with the consonant, too. || 1-43 ||
1-44
H+-6l 4l +l F6lP +{-vv+
Or the part following is uttered in a lower tone. || 1-44 ||
1-45
H+ (lBPl 4l+{-v-+
Or in the same tone with grave. || 1-45 ||
1-46
Hl|(F4l (lBP- H 9l 5+ (lBP t4ll4l -+{-v\+
Its beginning is the same with acute; its remainder is the same with grave: so say the
teachers. || 1-46 ||
1-47
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 6 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
B4 - 94T t4 T+{-v+
It is all a slide, say some. || 1-47 ||
1-48
+l+l9(4|( 4PB4l+ +{-v<+
A separable word is treated like separate words, except in an enumeration. || 1-48 ||
1-49
6F4 94 9(P4(-+{-v+
Of such a word, the former member is called avagraha. || 1-49 ||
1-50
9((T9 9( 4 6+{--+
In citations of a word, that word is to be understood. || 1-50 ||
1-51
H|9 |4T6P +{--{+
But that word, even when phonetically altered. || 1-51 ||
1-52
H-4Tll|(+{---+
And even when preceded by a. || 1-52 ||
1-53
H-Tll|( +{--(+
And when preceded by an. || 1-53 ||
1-54
9T4T - 9(P9 -+{--v+
A single sound composing a word is called apkta. || 1-54 ||
1-55
HlH-64+{---+
And is treated both as initial and as final. || 1-55 ||
1-56
4T F4 |4Tll 9l+{--\+
Alteration and omission are of a single sound. || 1-56 ||
1-57
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 7 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
|4+lHl l 9-+{--+
Omission is complete loss. || 1-57 ||
1-58
H-4l( Hl 5-t4F4+{--<+
Continued implication is of that which was last. || 1-58 ||
1-59
794-F6 ( Hl4 |+t4P +{--+
An upabandha, however, is for that particular passage, and of constant effect. || 1-59 ||
1-60
+l+l9(l4 |+|P 9(Ul|(9 +{-\+
Also a cause belonging to another word, in the case of a pragraha or of a word containing
anusvra. || 1-60 ||
1-61
4l 9 +6 |9(9 |6 |9(9 |6+{-\{+
A repeated passage, of three or more words, is as already established. || 1-61 ||
2-1
H H-(l t9|-+--{+
Now for the origin of sound. || 2-1 ||
2-2
4l4 HlBPlTltT'lBl- B l+ +---+
By the setting in motion of air by the body, at the junction of throat and breast. || 2-2 ||
2-3
6F4 9l|6~ tTl|+ 4-t4 - T'- |Hl P G +l|BT |6+--(+
The parts which give it audible quality are breast, throat, head, mouth, and nostrils. || 2-3
||
2-4
B 46 T' +l(- |446 +--v+
When the throat is closed, tone is produced. || 2-4 ||
2-5
|44 6 HlB-+---+
When it is opened, breath is produced. || 2-5 ||
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 8 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
2-6
P\4 (Tl-+--\+
When in an intermediate condition, the h-sound is produced. || 2-6 ||
2-7
6l 4T 9T64-+--+
Those are the materials of alphabetic sounds. || 2-7 ||
2-8
+l(l 5+ 9(l+ F4l 94tB +--<+
In vowels and sonant consonants, the emission is sound. || 2-8 ||
2-9
(Tll (6 9 +--+
In h and in sonant aspirate mutes, it is h-sound. || 2-9 ||
2-10
Hl 99 HlB-+--{+
In surd consonants, it is breath. || 2-10 ||
2-11
4l-9P-4l 5-49+--{{+
And more of it in the other surd letters than in the simple surd mutes. || 2-11 ||
2-12
H4T +lt4 9B6PlU(+ +l|6-4F6P+--{-+
In forming the a-vowels, the lips and jaws must not be too nearly approximated, nor too
widely separated. || 2-12 ||
2-13
Hl Tl +--{(+
Also in uttering o. || 2-13 ||
2-14
Hl Ul 6 9B66l +--{v+
But the lips are more nearly approximated. || 2-14 ||
2-15
9t9T7l4 Tl+--{-+
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 9 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
In uttering e, they are slightly protracted. || 2-15 ||
2-16
79B66 (+ +--{\+
The jaws more nearly approached. || 2-16 ||
2-17
|=lP\4l-6l-4l l lV-4l-tF9H 4|6+--{+
And one touches the borders of the upper back jaws with the edges of the middle of the
tongue. || 2-17 ||
2-18
79B66 |=lP TlTl -Tl 9 4F4 9 9B(|6+--{<+
The jaws, also, are more closely approximated, and the tip of the tongue is brought into close
proximity to the upper back gums, in , and . || 2-18 ||
2-19
9T 9lP+F4lF44l +--{+
As also, according to some, in anusvra and svarabhakti. || 2-19 ||
2-20
H+l( H 9'4F6l |=l+---+
In the absence of special direction, the tongue is thrust down forward. || 2-20 ||
2-21
HTl4(l Ul+---{+
The lips are as in the utterance of a. || 2-21 ||
2-22
6ll |=lP\4|P4T +----+
In the i-vowels, the middle of the tongue is to be approximated to the palate. || 2-22 ||
2-23
9Tl +---(+
Also in e. || 2-23 ||
2-24
Hl Ul 9B(l 74T +---v+
In the u-vowels, there is approximation of the lips. || 2-24 ||
2-25
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 10 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
9Tl-6F6 B4 9T6l6 +----+
But, in all cases, with an interval of one from the preceding. || 2-25 ||
2-26
HTll P Tll Tl4l l|(-+---\+
The beginning of ai and au is half an a. || 2-26 ||
2-27
B 46TT6P T 9lP +---+
Which, in the opinion of some, is uttered with the organs more closed. || 2-27 ||
2-28
Tll 5\4 - 9 4 F4 H9-+---<+
Of the former, the rest is one and a half times i. || 2-28 ||
2-29
7TlF6 F4+---+
But, of the latter, u. || 2-29 ||
2-30
H+ F4ll Pl H+ +l|BTl-+--(+
anusvra and the last mutes are nasal. || 2-30 ||
2-31
F4lTl 4l 9B(lF6tFl+P +--({+
In the case of the vowels, that is their place of production, to which approximation is made.
|| 2-31 ||
2-32
49B(|6 6tTTP +--(-+
That is producing organ, which makes the approsximation. || 2-32 ||
2-33
H-4 9l 6 4 F9H + 6tFl+P +--((+
But in the case of the other letters, that is place of production, where contact is made. || 2-33
||
2-34
4 + F9H 4|6 6tTTP +--(v+
That is producing organ, whereby one makes the contact. || 2-34 ||
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 11 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
2-35
(+P |=lP + T4 F9H4|6+--(-+
In the k-series, one makes contact with the root of the tongue at the root of the jaws. || 2-35
||
2-36
6ll |=lP\4 + 4 +--(\+
In the c-series, with the middle of the tongue, upon the palate. || 2-36 ||
2-37
|=l T 9|64 7 P |+ 4 +--(+
In the -series, with the tip to the tongue, rolled back, in the head. || 2-37 ||
2-38
|=l T 64 (-6P 9+--(<+
In the t-series, with the tip of the tongue, at the roots of the teeth. || 2-38 ||
2-39
Hl Ul-4l 94 +--(+
In the p-series, with the two lips. || 2-39 ||
2-40
6ll |=lP\4l-6l-4l 4Tl +--v+
In y, with the two edges of the middle of the tongue, upon the palate. || 2-40 ||
2-41
T |=lP\4 + 9t4(-6P -4-+--v{+
In r, with the middle of the tip of the tongue, back of the roots of the teeth. || 2-41 ||
2-42
(-6P 9 Tl +--v-+
Also in l, at the roots of the teeth. || 2-42 ||
2-43
Hl Ul-6l-4l (-6 4Tl +--v(+
In v, with the edges of the lips, along with the teeth. || 2-43 ||
2-44
F9HFl+ 9 !PlT Hl+ 9-4 T+--vv+
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 12 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
The spirants, in their order, are produced in the places of the mutes. || 2-44 ||
2-45
TTP\4 6 |44 6P +--v-+
But the middle of the producing organ is unclosed. || 2-45 ||
2-46
T'Fl+l (Tl|4B= +l4l +--v\+
The throat is place of production of h and visarjanya. || 2-46 ||
2-47
7(4F4l|(BFl+l (Tl 9T 9lP +--v+
In the opinion of some authorities, h has the same position as the beginning of the following
vowel. || 2-47 ||
2-48
9 4l-6BFl+l |4B= +l4-+--v<+
visarjanya has the same position as the end of the preceding vowel. || 2-48 ||
2-49
+l|B14l +l|BTlFl+l-+--v+
The nose-sounds have the nose as their place of production. || 2-49 ||
2-50
P G+l|B14l 4l+---+
Or they are produced by the mouth and nose. || 2-50 ||
2-51
4 4 9 +---{+
And, in them, the organ of production is as in the series of mutes. || 2-51 ||
2-52
+l|BTl|44Tl(l+ +l|B14 +l|BTl|44Tl(l+ +l|B14P +----+
Nasal quality is given by the unclosing of the nose. || 2-52 ||
3-1
Hl(l4 |4l F4 -4V+9-+(-{+
Now then - at the beginning or end of a word, a vowel, in case of separation, if followed by a
consonant, becomes short as hereinafter set forth. || 3-1 ||
3-2
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 13 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
( 4lHlTlB VlH6l 44 +l(4ll 1lH &l+(--+
dev, k, sumn, v, t, vayun, hday, agh, ukth, and uddh, as first members of a
compound, shorten their final when separated. || 3-2 ||
3-3
-l 4-4l-9-+(-(+
Also indr, when followed by vat, van, and vn. || 3-3 ||
3-4
|l 49-+(-v+
Also citr, when followed by v. || 3-4 ||
3-5
9F|-4l|4Tl|4H( -4l(ll 4l4l |4Hl4l6lt4l\ lTTTl4|!T4lB l 9TBlPllBl49
l9 !9lPl9lF4l+(--+
Also prasth, indriy, dravi, vivadevy, drgh, vry, viv, vt, tv, bhagur, karak,
viy, sugop, ksm, agh, satr, var, pup, megh, pr, sv. || 3-5 ||
3-6
l T94 7l+(-\+
Also i, after loke and eva. || 3-6 ||
3-7
Hll|t49l4lHll-4l 9\4l6l-4l6lF4l(lT6ll+lHl|6l~l Tl9 7l9 t4l9 Tl9
4l9llH |49 4B H+ (+B |4 t44(-+(-+
Also akt, rath, tvi, v, rtr, oadh, hut, vyht, svhkt, hrdun, ac, cit, ro, p,
pt, abh, cara, par, adh, pr, atr, vi, vas, an, han, s, vibh - all these, as first
members of a compound. || 3-7 ||
3-8
H4lBF4l+ (lP7l4l |HllHl4l=l4ll|94l+llPll4l9l l4 4l4lll6
lPlHF4l9 TF4l|(Ult4 6l=|+!4l4 4l7l+(-<+
Also av, sacasv, nud, m, vardh, ik, rak, ady, bhav, bhaj, yatr, car, pib, n, dhm,
dhray, dhar, gh, vardhay, bodh, atr, tatr, muc, avasy, pasv, hi h, tva tar,
janiv, yukv, ach. || 3-8 ||
3-9
Hl|P4l74 +(-+
Also adh, in agni and yjy passages. || 3-9 ||
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 14 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
3-10
T l(|T +lF4 +l(-6+l=lPl6( Pl|4T\4l PlTPllPlF6lPl Pl49 4 4l|l9l
ll|Bl=+4l=46l 6l46l4l6lH T 6lTT 6l|4 6l+(-{+
Also kutr, dakien, sven, hantan, jagm, ruhem, vidm, dhym, cakm, km, starm,
bharem, varayath, rayath, rith, pth, ath, sicath, janayath, jayat, ukat, avat, yt,
ut, kut, bibht. || 3-10 ||
3-11
6l 4l74lB +(-{{+
Also bharat, in yjy passages. || 3-11 ||
3-12
Hl46l+(6l66l696l= 6l4l 6lP 6l 6l !4l=+4l46 4lBl(4l9l4l(l4l(ll
9lBBl(lB =l|6Ul4+l+(-{-+
Also att, bhavat, anadat, tarat, tapat, juhut, vocat, amucat, ct, ghuy, janay, vartay,
sday, pray, dy, har, bhar, ap, sasd, sj, tih, and yen. ||3-12||
3-13
77PBl44lTl~ l4(l+(-{(+
Also umas, kray, kdh, rudh, and yad. || 3-13 ||
3-14
B 6 + |PP 7+(-{v+
Also s, t, n, mith, mak, and . || 3-14 ||
3-15
-4 t94 Hl++ (ll 5+ !P4t4+ !P4|6+(-{-+
Also n, when unaccented, and preceded by vi or ut, in a word containing no spirant. || 3-15
||
4-1
H 9(l-+v-{+
Now the pragrahas. || 4-1 ||
4-2
+l4(-+v--+
No former member of a compound is pragraha. || 4-2 ||
4-3
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 15 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
H-6-+v-(+
Only a final is pragraha. || 4-3 ||
4-4
|69l 5|9+v-v+
It is followed by iti. || 4-4 ||
4-5
7Tl-+v--+
A long is pragraha. || 4-5 ||
4-6
Hl Tll 5Bl|(6l 5Tl-4V+9-+v-\+
Also an o which is not the product of euphonic combination, if followed by a or a consonant.
|| 4-6 ||
4-7
BP((|9t9 4 +v-+
As also, when preceded by s, m, h, d, th, and pit. || 4-7 ||
4-8
H Tl Tll +v-<+
Now follow cases of e and . || 4-8 ||
4-9
HFP+v-+
asme is pragraha. || 4-9 ||
4-10
t4 t4|+ 4l-6-+v-{+
Also tve, when not the final member of a separable compound. || 4-10 ||
4-11
(46 -7 -l -7\4 -|4HlG -H\-9+ -P\4 -6'T-6H -T+l|+T -9lH -|H4 -lP -
94l -|H9- 6-4tBF4-9 -|4-9 -|49 -9 -B(l (|4l + -H|94T -H(l l -
66 -F66HN-+1BlP -H -H|9 6-46 -96 -9 -|4 6 -H+ 6 -H|7 -4 -
9 4 = - TT \4B(+ +v-{{+
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 16 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
Also devate, ubhe, bhgadhe, rdhve, vikhe, ge, ene, medhye, te, tdye, kannike, prve, ive,
cottame, evottare, ipre, rathatare, vatsarasya rpe, virpe, viurpe, sadohavirdhne, adhiavae,
ahortre, dhtavrate, stutaastre, ksme, akte, arpite, raivate, prte, pratte, vidhte, ante, achidre,
bahule, prvaje, kudhva sadane. || 4-11 ||
4-12
HPl- 9l-Tl!Tl -(46lT- +l-P 7l-l-+ll-49l~9Tl-H(+l-=-P+l-B |V+l-
BlP+l-4 !T4l-9 4l-(4l -Hl4l9 |4l+v-{-+
Also am, caku, kr, devat phalgun, mu, dh, nbh, vaprapa, ahan, janman, sumnin,
sman, vaiav, aikav, darv, dyvpthiv. || 4-12 ||
4-13
9 4+v-{(+
As also, the preceding word. || 4-13 ||
4-14
+ 6- |+t4P +v-{v+
But not rundhe, in any case. || 4-14 ||
4-15
(lBlB[6lT-94-6lHl9 96lHl6l+v-{-+
Also har, sahur, saht, kalpayant, pat, and hut are pragraha. || 4-15 ||
4-16
9 4 +v-{\+
As also, the preceding word. || 4-16 ||
4-17
4lBBl69Bll (Bl+v-{+
Also vsas, tapas, and rodas. || 4-17 ||
4-18
9+v-{<+
As also, the following word. || 4-18 ||
4-19
-4F46l|!4-6l+-9 |4l+v-{+
Also vyacasvat, bhariyant, and na pthiv. || 4-19 ||
4-20
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 17 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
4 H9 6lP 4l 6 HF44 4-(Bl7-(F46l6 Hl-6lH-6 6lB+v--+
Also in the verses beginning ye aprathetm, urv, te asya, ya krandas, chandasvat, te carant,
and antar. || 4-20 ||
4-21
+l 9F+v--{+
But not upasthe. || 4-21 ||
4-22
l46l9 t4l (ll+v---+
Also in the passage beginning with irvat, and ending with ddhra. || 4-22 ||
4-23
9 4= 9 t4l4P+v--(+
And in the passage beginning with prvaje and ending with ayam. || 4-23 ||
4-24
P P 94B +9-+v--v+
Also ime, when followed by garbham, upa, and eva rasena. || 4-24 ||
4-25
4 Pl9-B= O= 6 9 +v---+
As also, in the sections beginning with krram, pa, saj, and brahma ja. || 4-25 ||
4-26
9 T +v--\+
As also pre. || 4-26 ||
4-27
7 +v--+
Also ddhe is pragraha. || 4-27 ||
4-28
l4 99 +v--<+
Also ghn and cakre, when followed by p. || 4-28 ||
4-29
-46l+v--+
Also nvat. || 4-29 ||
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 18 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
4-30
99l ++v-(+
But not when followed by p. || 4-30 ||
4-31
BPll+v-({+
samc is pragraha. || 4-31 ||
4-32
+9l ++v-(-+
But not when followed by n. || 4-32 ||
4-33
l 4t99-+v-((+
c is pragraha, when followed by yat or pra. || 4-33 ||
4-34
Hl-P(l+v-(v+
Also n mah. || 4-34 ||
4-35
96l ~ |6-+v-(-+
Also the combination of sounds pat. || 4-35 ||
4-36
Pl+v-(\+
Also gn. || 4-36 ||
4-37
+ |(9-+v-(+
But not when followed by hi. || 4-37 ||
4-38
4l7 ll T!Tl4l 4(l9-+v-(<+
Also an or e followed by v, dvrau, ka, carva, and yad. || 4-38 ||
4-39
+ 5 |+t4P +v-(+
But not je and ahne, under any circumstances. || 4-39 ||
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 19 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
4-40
HlTl Tl9 4 F6 4F4F4 6 +v-v+
te and the, however, are pragraha in a word of more than two syllables, if preceded by or e.
|| 4-40 ||
4-41
+ Hl4l6+v-v{+
But not ryte. || 4-41 ||
4-42
6 Pl9l6 +P9+P|4l4 P 9l(F6 9-+v-v-+
te is pragraha when followed by m ptam, nama, enam abhi, vyu, garbham, upa, ahas, and tu.
|| 4-42 ||
4-43
H+ (ll + |+t4P +v-v(+
But not when unaccented, under any circumstances. || 4-43 ||
4-44
96 6+4l 4BP 4|(49|(719-+v-vv+
ete is pragraha when followed by tanuvau, vai sam, eva, hi, yaja, pad, and iak. || 4-44 ||
4-45
9 4l -+v-v-+
As also, the letter following the two last mentioned. || 4-45 ||
4-46
F-9-+v-v\+
Also one followed by stha. || 4-46 ||
4-47
9l 4l -+v-v+
As also, one following them both. || 4-47 ||
4-48
Bl Pl4F46|FP+ +v-v<+
Also in the section beginning somya sva. || 4-48 ||
4-49
+v-v+
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 20 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
Also dve. || 4-49 ||
4-50
9+v--+
As also, the following word. || 4-50 ||
4-51
9T-44 6l 5|9+v--{+
Likewise the next but one. || 4-51 ||
4-52
P46l 46l 5+Tllt9 6+ 4(Tl tT 4l |(|7!4 6l 946l F6lF6l6l 4l4|6|4 6F6l|P
l4 6l-4lP 4l l-4lP4l-6 9 Hl 9Ul6 +v---+
Before, and within six words of, gamayata, bhavata (except when it follows ), tan yt,
akarot, kuryt (in ii passages), abrtm, pra varta, stm, stabhntm, vcayati, bibhtas ta, agnim
gyatram, tbhym eva, ubhbhym, and avntaram. || 4-52 ||
4-53
+ lPl4 Bl|P +lPlB l T +v--(+
But not grm, varcas, mithun, mse, loke, dhatte. || 4-53 ||
4-54
H6 BPl+9( |+t4P4 l4 +v--v+
Nor ate, in a single word, nor ave, under any circumstances. || 4-54 ||
5-1
H B|(6l4lPT9lTl4 +--{+
The following rules apply in combined text (sahit), within the compass of a single breath.
|| 5-1 ||
5-2
4l4l||- Bl 9T|6-+---+
Separation from the text as combined - that is the fundamental text. || 5-2 ||
5-3
6 9 4 9 4 9PP+--(+
And here, that which comes first is first taken. || 5-3 ||
5-4
9 |P 94 - HT9-+--v+
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 21 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
After trapu and mithu is inserted a before c. || 5-4 ||
5-5
B 94 -9-+---+
As also after su, before candra. || 5-5 ||
5-6
B 94 - BTl- T69-+--\+
After sam is inserted s before kuru. || 5-6 ||
5-7
HT4 9t44lt9-+--+
And before akurva, after the augment. || 5-7 ||
5-8
+ll9 4l (Tl 7l9-+--<+
After nc is inserted d before ucc. || 5-8 ||
5-9
HB 9 4l 5P Tl-+--+
After asam, becomes ar. || 5-9 ||
5-10
H4( HlHl -B 4||6 T 9- BTl- 9TlP +--{+
Of , dh, and suva, when first members of a compound, the visarjanya becomes r, and a
following s becomes . || 5-10 ||
5-11
H l 9-+--{{+
Now for cases of omission. || 5-11 ||
5-12
9 4l PTl-+--{-+
A m is dropped, when preceded by m. || 5-12 ||
5-13
6+ 94 7(l4l 4 Tl-+--{(+
A v is dropped when preceded by tu or nu, in case these are accented. || 5-13 ||
5-14
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 22 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
7t9 4 - BTll -4V+9-+--{v+
A s is dropped after ut, when a consonant follows. || 5-14 ||
5-15
99BF4 |6 +--{-+
Also ea, sa, and sya. || 5-15 ||
5-16
+lB-+--{\+
But not asa. || 5-16 ||
5-17
|(PPl +9+l 9l-9- B-+--{+
And sa, when followed by id u, id agne, im na, en, oadh. || 5-17 ||
5-18
H4( t4 TP +--{<+
Also ity ekam, when ekam is the former member of a compound. || 5-18 ||
5-19
|6U-t4 T4l B94 -+--{+
Also tihanty ekay, along with the preceding letter. || 5-19 ||
5-20
+Tl- HTl 9-+---+
A n, when followed by c, becomes . || 5-20 ||
5-21
+l4 4l4+7 4l-Tl4l-4l6Tl+ 4l|FP+ +---{+
But not the n of yan, airayan, rdhnuvan, anavn, ghvn, vrun, and evsmin. || 5-21 ||
5-22
6TlTl H79-+----+
A t, when followed by , c, or ch, becomes c. || 5-22 ||
5-23
=9l =TlP +---(+
When followed by j, it becomes j. || 5-23 ||
5-24
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 23 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
+Tl 96 9 TlP +---v+
A n, before the same letters, becomes || 5-24 ||
5-25
9l TlP +----+
Both t and n, when followed by l, become l. || 5-25 ||
5-26
+Tll 5+ +l|BTP +---\+
The n becomes nasalized l. || 5-26 ||
5-27
PTl F9H 9F6F4 BFl+P+ +l|BTP +---+
A m, when followed by a mute, becomes the nasal of like position with it. || 5-27 ||
5-28
H-6Fl9 B4T P+ +l|BTP +---<+
Followed by a semivowel, it becomes a nasal of like quality with it. || 5-28 ||
5-29
+ T9-+---+
But not when followed by r. || 5-29 ||
5-30
44Tl9 T 9lPll4l TlP +--(+
Nor, according to some teachers, when followed by y or v. || 5-30 ||
5-31
7Pl4lt9 4l 5++l|BT t4l 4-+--({+
treya holds that, when a nasal mute becomes l, the previous vowel is nasalized. || 5-31 ||
5-32
=9 4 - TTl- B9Tl9-+--(-+
After is inserted a k before s and . || 5-32 ||
5-33
+Tl9 4 6Tl-+--((+
After or n is inserted a t. || 5-33 ||
5-34
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 24 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
F9H 9 4 - HTl77TlP +--(v+
A preceded by a mute becomes ch. || 5-34 ||
5-35
+ PTl9 4 -+--(-+
But not when preceded by m. || 5-35 ||
5-36
9Tl9 4 4l-PlT -+--(\+
Nor, according to Vlmki, when preceded by p. || 5-36 ||
5-37
-4V+9- 9l !TBl(+ 9 4 TlP +--(+
Nor, according to Paukarasdi, when followed by a consonant; and a preceding n, in that
case, does not become . || 5-37 ||
5-38
9P9 4l (Tl6 6F4 BFl+ -l|Tl |'7-4l 6P9l !TBl(l+lP +--(<+
According to Plki, Kauinya, Gautama, and Paukarasdi, a h preceded by a first mute
becomes a fourth mute corresponding with the latter. || 5-38 ||
5-39
H|4T6 9T 9lP +--(+
According to some authorities, it remains unchanged. || 5-39 ||
5-40
6 l 5-6 H t4l4+l(l+lP +--v+
According to aityyana and others, a fourth mute is interposed. || 5-40 ||
5-41
PlPlBTl+l PlPlBTl+l +--v{+
As also, according to the Mmsakas. || 5-41 ||
6-1
H 9Tl BTl|4B= +l4l +\-{+
Now for conversions of s and visarjanya into . || 6-1 ||
6-2
F4l+lBl |(-4l9l G4PTPPl9llP|(H|49H4(9 4-+\--+
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 25 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
A s is converted into when preceded by svnso divi, po hi, ayam u, kam u, , mo, pro, tr,
mahi, dyavi, padi, or a former member of a compound. || 6-2 ||
6-3
HB(lPl|B+\-(+
Also asadma and asican. || 6-3 ||
6-4
79B |+!9 4l 5+(l 9( +\-v+
Also in an unaccented pada, when a preposition or nis precedes. || 6-4 ||
6-5
lB-B8 5|P|+ |4 Pl7 -9l4|4 -B P|6Pl |Tl4 l4l|-B|+ |TF6Tl9l |+t4P +\--+
Also the visarjanya, when followed by t, of agni preceded by rsa or sapte, and of ni, vidu,
mhu, pyubhi, ve, sumati, mki, yu, yu, bhi, sadhi, and naki, under all
circumstances. || 6-5 ||
6-6
H ++\-\+
Now for exceptions. || 6-6 ||
6-7
H4T -4V+HT |+9t-4 6P t4 P| 4(F9|69 4 -+\-+
Excepted is a s preceded by an a-vowel, a consonant, akuni, patn, tu, mtyu, malimlu, or
bhaspati. || 6-7 ||
6-8
+TlT4|6+\-<+
Also in a word containing or r. || 6-8 ||
6-9
H4(-+\-+
Also in the former member of a compound. || 6-9 ||
6-10
B4Fl+P +\-{+
Also in sava and sthnam. || 6-10 ||
6-11
+ |9 4 +\-{{+
But not when dhi precedes. || 6-11 ||
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 26 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
6-12
B 6l+-4-B8l|-B |P6lF6+lBl6F9H-B1B|+B|+-B+l-B 4-Bx4lBF4l4 +\-
{-+
Also in satnebhya, saptbhi, samitm, stanm, stam, spaa, sak, sani, sani, san, sabheya,
sattv, and sasyyai. || 6-12 ||
6-13
+ F4F9l F6lPBl(UBl|FT -6lF6 -74l |6l4 6 -9 4 F6l +\-{(+
But not in svara, spardh, starma, shasra, srathi, sphurant, stubh, and in sto when preceded
by jyoti, yu, or catu. || 6-13 ||
6-14
6(l F6|FP l Tl|-4lF6lNl-4 !Pl+ \4l +4Tl+6 +7P-T'4|-96 ++l-T9ll|F6U
lH (l + |P( 4l-tB4+ 9H F6Tl9- BTl 9lT6l |+t4 9lT6l |+t4 +\-{v+
In tarhn, tasmin, lokn, vidvn, tn, trn, yumn, rdhvn, ambakn, tn, aman, kvan, pitn,
ann, kapln, tihan when accented on the first syllable, nemir devn, and savane pan, an
original n, followed by a t, becomes s, when the t is a constant one. || 6-14 ||
7-1
H +Tll TTlP +-{+
Now for conversion of n into . || 7-1 ||
7-2
9 9 T|B 4-B|P-lF 4 64l-9| lP|+!9 4 -+--+
n becomes when preceded by u, , kdhi suva, sam indra, asthri, uru, v, a, tri, grma, or
ni. || 7-2 ||
7-3
(-4l-4Pl+ +-(+
Also in hanyt and upyamnam. || 7-3 ||
7-4
9l9|9l99 4-+-v+
Also after pr, pari, par, and pra. || 7-4 ||
7-5
H4T -44 6l 5|9+--+
And that, even when an a-vowel intervenes. || 7-5 ||
7-6
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 27 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
4l(+7GPl+l 4l+P4-44 +4+-\+
Also in vhana, uhyamna, ynam, ayan, yavena, and van. || 7-6 ||
7-7
9l9 4+-+
As also, when preceded by pr. || 7-7 ||
7-8
-l54= -94 9+T++-<+
Also enam and kena, when preceded respectively by indra and ayaju. || 7-8 ||
7-9
+ ~l9 4l P+l-+-+
also man, when preceded by n or r. || 7-9 ||
7-10
H\l+lPl +l|+l+l 4l|+4lP++-{+
Also agnm, one, gni, gnm, gyni, and ymena. || 7-10 ||
7-11
9-9 4l (4-4 (+ +-{{+
Also havani, ahne, han, when preceded by r or a. || 7-11 ||
7-12
69 4l P4l-4+l+-{-+
Also mayni and an, when preceded by ru. || 7-12 ||
7-13
4ll99 4F67P +-{(+
After vgh and , t is changed to . || 7-13 ||
7-14
P +-{v+
Also th to h. || 7-14 ||
7-15
+ 6Tl9-+-{-+
But not when t follows. || 7-15 ||
7-16
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 28 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
+G|6+ + + t4-t4-4l 5-4l|-4l-4-6l-6+-{\+
Nor in nahyati, nnam, ntyanti, anya, anybhi, anyni; nor when final. || 7-16 ||
8-1
H 9P-+<-{+
Now for changes of first mutes. || 8-1 ||
8-2
7P9 7P B4l 4P +<--+
A first mute, followed by a last mute, becomes a last mute of its own series. || 8-2 ||
8-3
6 6l4 F4l 94t9-+<-(+
Followed by a vowel or a sonant consonant, it becomes a third mute. || 8-3 ||
8-4
TT PTl9-+<-v+
Also in kakut, when m follows. || 8-4 ||
8-5
H |4B= +l4-+<--+
Now for changes of visarjanya. || 8-5 ||
8-6
TP 6 9+<-\+
visarjanya becomes r before the classes of sounds last mentioned. || 8-6 ||
8-7
+ T9-+<-+
But not before r. || 8-7 ||
8-8
ll4l (l |4=lT+-6|4 4-B 4-9 +((-9l64 F6-H|P6-B|P6-B+ 6F6+6F6l 6(l
6-|96Pl 64 7 7+ 7Ft47-+<-<+
visarjanya becomes r in hv, abh, v, h, abibha, ajga, aka, ananta, viva, suva, puna,
aharaha, prta, vasta, amita, savita, sanuta, stanuta, stota, hota, pita, mta, yaa,
ea, nea, and tvaa. || 8-8 ||
8-9
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 29 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
Tl4+ (l 9( +<-+
Also in ka and va, in an unaccented word. || 8-9 ||
8-10
H-6+lH (l +<-{+
Also in anta, except when accented on the first syllable. || 8-10 ||
8-11
Hl4 t9-+<-{{+
Also a visarjianya followed by vt. || 8-11 ||
8-12
|69l 5|9+<-{-+
And likewise when iti follows. || 8-12 ||
8-13
H(l(-B 4|+ 4l-6-+<-{(+
Also in ah, aha, and suva, except at the end of a separable word. || 8-13 ||
8-14
+ |-4l 9-+<-{v+
Not, however, when followed by bhi or bhym. || 8-14 ||
8-15
H( B4 9lP+<-{-+
Also not in aha, as all agree. || 8-15 ||
8-16
H+4T 94 F6 T9l -46+<-{\+
But, when not preceded by an a-vowel, visarjanya followed by r is omitted. || 8-16 ||
8-17
(l 9 4 -+<-{+
And the preceding vowel is made long. || 8-17 ||
8-18
97+<-{<+
As also, in ea. || 8-18 ||
8-19
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 30 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
+ T 9lP+<-{+
Not so, according to some authorities. || 8-19 ||
8-20
l4 Pl l4F4 TP +<--+
According to Uttamottarya, two becomes r. || 8-20 ||
8-21
Bl Tt4F4l TlP +<--{+
According to Sktya, the visarjanya becomes u. || 8-21 ||
8-22
74F4 B9 4 -+<---+
And, according to Ukhya, along with the preceding letter. || 8-22 ||
8-23
TG9Tl9- 9PTl9 4 - BP4(-+<--(+
At the end of the former member of a compound, before k, kh, or p, visarjanya becomes - or
s, if preceded by a. || 8-23 ||
8-24
Hl|4|+ |7-HH6l59Bl ( 4|9l 5(Bl 5|6|(4l |4H6l 57P+F6PB-+<--v+
Also in vi, ni, ia, avata, apasa, deva ria, ahasa, ati diva, vivata, amana, and
tamasa. || 8-24 ||
8-25
T||9-49 9-+<---+
Also before kdhi, pinva, and pathe. || 8-25 ||
8-26
+ B4Tl9 +<--\+
But not when s, kr, or gh follows. || 8-26 ||
8-27
9l4 96l96 9649|6!9|6 9-+<--+
Also before patn ve, pat, pate, pataye, pati, and patim. || 8-27 ||
8-28
|(4-B(BF9|9 t9-+<--<+
Also in diva and sahasa, before pari and put. || 8-28 ||
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 31 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
8-29
l4F9l9-+<--+
Also in rya, before po. || 8-29 ||
8-30
+PFTl 9-+<-(+
Also in nama, before karo. || 8-30 ||
8-31
4B !TTl9-+<-({+
Also in vasu, before k. || 8-31 ||
8-32
+l\4 |4H6l 5-6=l6l|4|4H -96-9 +-+<-(-+
Not in adhvara vivata, anta, jta, viviu paru, and puna. || 8-32 ||
8-33
94|6+<-((+
Nor before a word containing dh or . || 8-33 ||
8-34
9|4l99-+<-(v+
Not before pari v or pra. || 8-34 ||
8-35
+ |+T |+-+<-(-+
Not so with ni. || 8-35 ||
9-1
7!P9l 5l 99 -46 Tl'7Pl4+F4+-{+
Visarjanya, when followed by a spirant which has a surd letter after it, is dropped, according
to Kamyana. || 9-1 ||
9-2
Hl 99F6F4 BFl+P !PlTP +--+
Followed by a surd letter, it becomes the spirant of like position with that letter. || 9-2 ||
9-3
+ 9-+-(+
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 32 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
But not when followed by k. || 9-3 ||
9-4
T94 9l|P4 744l-Pl14l -+-v+
Nor, according to gniveya and Vlmki, when followed by a guttural or a labial mute. ||
9-4 ||
9-5
7!P9 94 T 9lPll4l TlP +--+
According to some authorities, not when followed by a spirant, and only then. || 9-5 ||
9-6
+ -l|-ll4T4l -+-\+
Not according to Plki and Plkyaa. || 9-6 ||
9-7
Hl TlP- B4l 5Tl9-+-+
a, the whole of it, when followed by a, becomes o. || 9-7 ||
9-8
l94t9+-<+
Also when followed by a sonant consonant. || 9-8 ||
9-9
H4T 9 4 F6 -46 +-+
But visarjanya, when preceded by an a-vowel, is omitted. || 9-9 ||
9-10
H F49l 4TlP +-{+
When followed by a vowel, it becomes y. || 9-10 ||
9-11
9Tll 54P +-{{+
e, before a vowel, becomes ay. || 9-11 ||
9-12
Hl Tll 54P +-{-+
o becomes av. || 9-12 ||
9-13
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 33 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
+lTl9l +-{(+
But not, in either case, when followed by a. || 9-13 ||
9-14
9 Tl Hl4P +-{v+
ai becomes y. || 9-14 ||
9-15
Hl Tl Hl4P+-{-+
au becomes v. || 9-15 ||
9-16
7Tll 59 - 9Tt4l 4Tll 5-6 +-{\+
An u, uncombined with a consonant, remains unchanged, and v is inserted between it and
the following vowel. || 9-16 ||
9-17
+ 6FPltBl|(6-+-{+
But not in sahit-text, after tat and tasmt. || 9-17 ||
9-18
F49 4l =Tll |4T P+-{<+
A , when preceded by a short vowel, is doubled. || 9-18 ||
9-19
+Tl+-{+
As does also a n. || 9-19 ||
9-20
H|+|69l (l 44l74l9U|('44Tl 4 !4lTllTl94l TPlTl9 4 4TlP +--+
In graha, ukhya, yjy, phya, and hirayavarya passages, a n preceded by or becomes r,
preceded by becomes y, except before iti. || 9-20 ||
9-21
Pt4l + (4l+P 6l-4l +Bl P9 4 -Bl HFPl+|4Pl-l Pl-P Pl-(|4!Pl-[6Pl+l9 ||Tt4l|+
7l4l-Tl4l-4lT4l|-(94F4l-4Hl|-4(l+|Pl+l-9l 9l-P(l+--{+
Also in the words martyn, ud ayn, amtn, duryn not preceded by soma, so asmn, avimn,
gomn, madhumn, havimn, htamn before any vowel belonging to the text, cikitvn, ivn,
kakvn, bavn, hi payasvn, van, vidatrn, amitrn, arn, pon, and mahn. || 9-21 ||
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 34 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
9-22
-l P 5T-7 4|P(l-4 t4-P 7 -4l+l4|=UHlt4 T 4 6l((|(|6 5l-tB9l+ 9
+---+
Also a n followed by indro me, aka, hvam, ih, apy etu, aganma, enyn, yajiha, ca, tu,
akurvata, aduhat, aditi, agre, adharnt sapatnn, and alam. || 9-22 ||
9-23
+ 7Pl-94l-4Pl-96\l-tBPl+l+l -4=l4l+ +--(+
The n of ramn, rapayn, yamn, patagn, samnn, arcn, yajyn remains unchanged. || 9-
23 ||
9-24
7(l9l (l9+--v+
Nor a n followed by ut or ath. || 9-24 ||
10-1
H TP +{-{+
Now for the coalescence of two vowels into one. || 10-1 ||
10-2
(l BPl+l B4T 9 +{--+
In the case of a simple vowel, followed by a similar vowel, the product is long. || 10-2 ||
10-3
Hl4T 9 4 +{-(+
Now for cases in which an a-vowel stands first. || 10-3 ||
10-4
4T 9 9TlP +{-v+
When an i-vowel follows, the product is e. || 10-4 ||
10-5
74T 9 Hl TlP+{--+
When an u-vowel follows, the product is o. || 10-5 ||
10-6
9Tl Tl9 9 TlP +{-\+
When e or ai follows, the product is ai. || 10-6 ||
10-7
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 35 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
Hl Tll Tl9 Hl TlP +{-+
When o or au follows, the product is au. || 10-7 ||
10-8
HP Tl9 +{-<+
When follows, the product is ar. || 10-8 ||
10-9
79B 9 4 HlP+{-+
If a preposition precedes, the product is r. || 10-9 ||
10-10
7(lP (l4|6+{-{+
When an acute enters into the combination, the result is acute. || 10-10 ||
10-11
H+ +l|BT 5+ +l|BTP +{-{{+
When a nasal, the result is nasal. || 10-11 ||
10-12
F4|6l+ (lB |+9l6 F4|6P +{-{-+
When circumflex and grave are combined, the result is circumflex. || 10-12 ||
10-13
+ lPl9l|B9l4 |4l74l9 9l|P+-6l9 +{-{(+
Exceptions are dh, m, and p, when followed by asi; also budhniy, jy, p, and aminanta -
before a vowel belonging to the text. || 10-13 ||
10-14
976+ PlTlU4-9l -46 +{-{v+
When followed by ea, etana, eman, odman, oha, or eva, an a-vowel is elided. || 10-14 ||
10-15
4Tl Tll 44Tll +{-{-+
An i-vowel and u become respectively y and v. || 10-15 ||
10-16
7(l4l 9l 5+(l- F4|6P+{-{\+
And, when they are acute, a following grave becomes circumflex. || 10-16 ||
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 36 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
10-17
7l4 +{-{+
Also when is the product of the combination. || 10-17 ||
10-18
+ 74 6l |P+l+{-{<+
Exceptions are yet and mithun. || 10-18 ||
10-19
-4 6 t44T 94l 44Tll+{-{+
But y and v are elided, when preceded by an a-vowel. || 10-19 ||
10-20
+l 4F4+{--+
Not so, according to Ukhya. || 10-20 ||
10-21
4TlF6 Bl Tt4F4+{--{+
Not v, according to Sktya. || 10-21 ||
10-22
7Tll Tl9l -4 6 PllTl4F4+{---+
According to Mckya, both are omitted when followed by u or o. || 10-22 ||
10-23
Hl 4ltB9F4 64l-+{--(+
According to Vtsapra, they are imperceptibly uttered. || 10-23 ||
10-24
+ - 69(l+{--v+
Exceptions are protracted and pragraha vowels. || 10-24 ||
10-25
9 9+{---+
Also the remaining vowel. || 10-25 ||
11-1
-46 t4Tl 9Tll Tl9 4 -+{{-{+
But a is elided when preceded by e or o. || 11-1 ||
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 37 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
11-2
Hll 9-+{{--+
Now follow cases of non-elision. || 11-2 ||
11-3
l6ll|6694l=9 4=774 +l4l44||6|4P 4Bl4l|PP l69Pl 9l P|4T9 |4(-4|(
'44Tl 44l74lP(l9 U +{{-(+
The a is not elided in the following sections: those beginning with dht rti and upa; those
styled vjapeya; those beginning with jua and yenya; those styled ukhya; those beginning
with dhruvakiti, iyam eva s y, and agnir mrdh; the first and the next to the last of the rudra
chapter; and those styled vikara, vihavya, hirayavarya, yjy, and mahphya. || 11-3 ||
11-4
H(Bl (|6|+7 6l54-t4FPl+4Hl((|+ +{{-v+
Also in ahasa, ahati, anita, avantv asmn, avadyt, and ahani. || 11-4 ||
11-5
H+ PlBHl9l P6l Ft4l( 4l6-9 4-+{{--+
Also in anu, when preceded by gharmsa, pa, marta, ratha, tva, datte, and vta. || 11-5
||
11-6
H|4lt49+{{-\+
Also (after vta) in abhi vtu and apa. || 11-6 ||
11-7
H-4P+{{-+
Also (after apa) in anu and agamat. || 11-7 ||
11-8
Hl9-9 4l 5|9l +9l(FPl+ +{{-<+
Also in adbhi, ap napt, and asmn, when preceded by pa. || 11-8 ||
11-9
l4B--9 4 lTl9+{{-+
In asmn, also, if followed by a, when rye, sa, and indra precede. || 11-9 ||
11-10
69 4l 5Hl-l 5H P+{{-{+
Also in adya, andha, au, and agne, when te precedes. || 11-10 ||
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 38 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
11-11
P9 4+{{-{{+
In agne, also, when preceded by me. || 11-11 ||
11-12
HF4l|H+l9l +{{-{-+
As also, in asya, avin, and apar. || 11-12 ||
11-13
+-9 4l 5B(|Pl-6Pl 5-4|FPH9|+{{-{(+
Also in asat, agni, agha, antama, abhi, asmin, and adya pathi, when preceded by na. || 11-13
||
11-14
+P-9 4l 55H -4l5|4l4+{{-{v+
Also in agre, avebhya, and agriyya, when preceded by nama. || 11-14 ||
11-15
Hl|4-Bl P-94l 5|P9-+{{-{-+
Also when vinna or soma precedes and agni follows. || 11-15 ||
11-16
llBl 5(-lB9Tl(HlB+9lTl 9-Hl4l 659l7-|96l-9 |4l4HlB6 4 l44l9
9= BFTl+l 444l 4-9 U9|64l l H!P-94-B|P&+9-9ll 4l 4|9 U= 9lTl4l6l 4!T-
9 4 -+{{-{\+
Also a is retained when preceded by dhrsa, adabdhsa, ekdasa, putra, ryte,
aha, pitra, pthiv yaje, sate ye, ghmy agre, v ea, jaje, sasphna, yuvayor ya,
phe, patir va, go, uma, puva, samiddha, abha, ptha, vaca, varihe, juo, yo rudra,
or va. || 11-16 ||
11-17
H|6PF44F4l|6 6l 5|64-t4+ Tl 5|4!4+Pl4l 5 !4| =l6l+74l|+P|4lH4l-4
4 -6PFt4TTl (|\l 5-B 4l HFTl4(4 6l 5HB|+F||H~ (\ 5|4+{{-{+
Also in aratim, asya yajasya, atidruta, ati yanti, ana, aviyan, anamva, anneu, arci, ajtn,
ajynim, ahniy, ambli, arvantam, astu, akot, agira, apsu ya, askabhyat, acyuta, avasani,
asthabhi, airet, age, and aghniya. || 11-17 ||
11-18
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 39 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
H\4 F49 +{{-{<+
Also in adhvara, when a vowel follows [the r]. || 11-18 ||
11-19
B 9 4 F4l BHP T 9lP FHP T 9lP +{{-{+
In the opinion of some, it becomes half-similar with its predecessor. || 11-19 ||
12-1
H l 9-{--{+
Now for cases of elision. || 12-1 ||
12-2
H|B+{---+
The a of asi is elided. || 12-2 ||
12-3
+ -B+&l 4Pl -9 4 -+{--(+
But not when garbha, sanaddha, yama, or bhadra precedes. || 12-3 ||
12-4
44+(9- F499+{--v+
a is elided before y, v, n, and h, when these are followed by a vowel. || 12-4 ||
12-5
=TlP9 7(l-+{---+
Before j and gn, a is elided if acute. || 12-5 ||
12-6
Pl 4l (l+F 9 4 +{--\+
Before gn, also when preceded by ma, vaca, dadhna, and sthe. || 12-6 ||
12-7
H-4l4|6 9 9P|9(l4Hl-4|(|6-HPl P |= lPP4-994l 5FPlTPFP l7PlHl~ |67
4lPlPl4 PFPt9lHl+|FP-4 5F6l-4Pl+l|l (Pl4(l 5l 5lH|7lHlH -
t4-6F4lPFll4l|\F4(TP +{--+
The a is elided in abhyvartin, appam, api dadhmi, adynu, aditi, arma, agner jihvm, agnaya
papraya, asmkam, asme dhatta, am, av wherever found, ayma, am, aryaman, asmatpn,
asmin yaje, ast, avyathamn, abhidroham, adhyi, ada, atho, adugdh, ari, arath, arcanti,
antar asym, atra stha, annya, agirasvat, and akaram. || 12-7 ||
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 40 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
12-8
l(Pl+l =l4Pl+l ( 64l P-4Pl+l 4+F9|6-4-96 |UF69B-F4l4l l|P6l 5P4Hl4l 5\4
4l46l 94 -+{--<+
An a is elided when preceded by ghamna, jyamna, hetaya, manyamna, vanaspatibhya,
pate, sridha, tapasa, svadhva, bhmita, agnaya, yo, adhvaryo, and krato. || 12-8 ||
12-9
6|FP+ (l 9 4 7(l- F4|6P +{--+
When the elided a is grave, the preceding diphthong, if acute, becomes circumflex. || 12-9
||
12-10
7(l l+ (l 7(lP +{--{+
When it is acute, the preceding diphthong, if grave, becomes acute. || 12-10 ||
12-11
F4|6 B4 F4|6 B4 +{--{{+
As also, in every case, if circumflex. || 12-11 ||
13-1
H PTll 9-+{(-{+
Now for the omission of m. || 13-1 ||
13-2
Tl !P9-+{(--+
A m is omitted, when followed by r or a spirant. || 13-2 ||
13-3
44Tl9 T 9lPll4l TlP +{(-(+
As also, according to some teachers, when followed by y or v. || 13-3 ||
13-4
+ BBl|P|6 l9-+{(-v+
But not the m of sam and sm, when followed by r. || 13-4 ||
13-5
H 4Tl +lP +{(--+
Now of individual sounds. || 13-5 ||
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 41 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
13-6
+TlTl99 4l +Tll TTl BPl+9( +{(-\+
Within the same word, a n preceded by , , r, or , becomes . || 13-6 ||
13-7
-44 6l 5|9+{(-+
Even though other sounds are interposed. || 13-7 ||
13-8
|('P4P +{(-<+
Also in hiramayam. || 13-8 ||
13-9
9l|TT9 '4T'4TlTlT4lT4 T TP|T94l( 9 9 4 -+{(-+
Also, in the inflectional and derivative forms of pi, gaa, puya, kava, ka, ga, ba, veu,
gua, and mai, the first nasal is . || 13-9 ||
13-10
9|T9|T 4l4PlT7'4l -+{(-{+
Also in pai, paim, vyama, and yo. || 13-10 ||
13-11
4 9-+{(-{{+
Also before a lingual mute. || 13-11 ||
13-12
TTTtF Tl |(T 4l|&Tl |6Tl T 4l 5|TUl7-4TP Tl~ |6 9 TlTl4l|T=l4lT4l TlF
lT 6 T4 4lTl4lPVl T4l9T 64lTl-T-4lTlT T9 4lT-H6Hl Tl~ |6l |TTlP Tl+{(-
{-+
Also in cakua, phaat, sthau, hiuyt, hioti, kaueya, aih, ulbaam, uga wherever
found, cupuk, bijya, aava ca, ra, sthum, tave, vym, aloay, paeta, v,
kaly, kuapam, va ata, o wherever found, dhik, and me. || 13-12 ||
13-13
H4(l 4 9'7l9 'OT'P '9T+{(-{(+
As final of the former member of a compound, is found in va, ra, brahma, aka,
carma, and cara. || 13-13 ||
13-14
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 42 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
+T9T!TTl-T |6 9lT6l-+{(-{v+
Also in , a, , m, and rv - these are original. || 13-14 ||
13-15
+ 9 Vl 5|P4 !Pl+l6l 5-6l 5l 9ltF9H 9l -44l4 9 HB64=l 4 9+{(-{-+
But not in umna, agni, and yumnta; nor when final; nor after the omission of an a; nor
when followed by a mute; nor when , s, or a palatal, lingual, or labial mute intervenes. ||
13-15 ||
13-16
9 F4lt9l l 7 9l!TBl( - 9l!TBl( -+{(-{\+
In the opinion of Paukarasdi, l after a mixed vowel becomes . || 13-16 ||
14-1
F49 4 -4V+ |4T -4V+9P +{v-{+
A consonant preceded by a vowel is doubled, if followed by a consonant. || 14-1 ||
14-2
4Tl9 4 F9H 9l!TBl( -+{v--+
Likewise, according to Paukarasdi, a mute preceded by l or v. || 14-2 ||
14-3
F9H 94 T9lPll4lTlP+{v-(+
According to some teachers, the mute only. || 14-3 ||
14-4
Tlt9+{v-v+
Also a consonant that follows r. || 14-4 ||
14-5
|6l46 4l F6 -4V+l 4l - 9 4 -+{v--+
In place, however, of second and fourth mutes, when followed by consonants, is put the
preceding mute. || 14-5 ||
14-6
T9 4 4l |+t4P +{v-\+
As also, in all cases, when they follow r. || 14-6 ||
14-7
Tl9 4 +{v-+
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 43 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
And when l precedes. || 14-7 ||
14-8
79B 9l99l 5t4l|6lP9P 69 4 9 7|G =9 +{v-<+
Also the preceding mute is inserted before ch, khi, and bhuja, when these follow either a
preposition, ptha ea, ati, ti, dhma, parama or bhte. || 14-8 ||
14-9
Hl 9l!PT- 9- 9Pl 5||+l+ F9H 9lF4 BFl+-+{v-+
After a surd spirant followed by a mute is inserted a first mute of the same position with the
latter, as abhinidhna. || 14-9 ||
14-10
Hl 9 -l -+{v-{+
According to Plki, when the following mute is surd. || 14-10 ||
14-11
7P9l -ll4TF4+{v-{{+
But according to Plkyaa, on the contrary, when the following mute is a nasal. || 14-11
||
14-12
9P 7!P9l |6l4P +{v-{-+
A first mute followed by a spirant is changed into its corresponding aspirate. || 14-12 ||
14-13
4l7lTlF4lBFl+9-+{v-{(+
According to Babhkra, when the following spirant is not of the same position with it. ||
14-13 ||
14-14
H ++{v-{v+
Now for exceptions. || 14-14 ||
14-15
H4Bl+ |4B= +l4|=lP l4l 9\Pl+l4l-+{v-{-+
A consonant before a pause is not doubled; nor r, visarjanya, jihvmlya, or upadhmnya. ||
14-15 ||
14-16
7!Pl F49-+{v-{\+
Nor a spirant, when followed by a vowel. || 14-16 ||
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 44 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
14-17
9P9 -l|-ll4T4l -+{v-{+
Or, according to Plki and Plkyaa, when followed by a first mute. || 14-17 ||
14-18
7!Pll 9l (ll6F4+{v-{<+
According to Hrta, a surd spirant is not doubled. || 14-18 ||
14-19
T9 (Tl-+{v-{+
Nor h, when followed by r. || 14-19 ||
14-20
4 64 9-+{v--+
Nor a lingual mute, when followed by a dental. || 14-20 ||
14-21
64l 44Tl9l +{v--{+
Nor l nor a dental mute, when followed by y or v. || 14-21 ||
14-22
9+{v---+
Nor the following. || 14-22 ||
14-23
B4T B4l 49-+{v--(+
A letter followed by one homogeneous with itself, or one of the same mute-series, is not
duplicated. || 14-23 ||
14-24
+l+ P 7P9-+{v--v+
Unless, indeed, it be a non-nasal followed by a nasal. || 14-24 ||
14-25
H T9lPll4lTlP+{v---+
Now for the views of certain teachers. || 14-25 ||
14-26
Tll (H4Tl9-+{v--\+
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 45 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
A l is not doubled when followed by h, , or v. || 14-26 ||
14-27
F9H F9H 9-+{v--+
Nor a mute that is followed by a mute. || 14-27 ||
14-28
9(l-6 -4V+9- 9lT6-+{v--<+
Nor an original final that is followed by a consonant. || 14-28 ||
14-29
7(llt9l 5+ (l- F4|6P +{v--+
A grave following an acute becomes circumflex. || 14-29 ||
14-30
-4V+l-6|( 6l 5|9+{v-(+
Even when consonants intervene. || 14-30 ||
14-31
+l (lF4|69-+{v-({+
Not, however, when an acute or circumflex follows. || 14-31 ||
14-32
+l|P4 74l4+F4+{v-(-+
Not so, according to gniveyyana. || 14-32 ||
14-33
B4l + t4T B4l + t4T+{v-((+
Some say not, in all cases. || 14-33 ||
15-1
+TlF4 Tl !P4Tll4l 8 Pl 9l 9 4F4l 5+ +l|BT-+{--{+
In case of the conversion of n into r, a spirant, or y - also when the y is omitted - or in case of
the omission of m, the preceding vowel becomes nasal. || 15-1 ||
15-2
+ T 9lP+{---+
Some deny this. || 15-2 ||
15-3
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 46 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
66Ft4+F4l-+{--(+
And claim that, on the contrary, anusvra is inserted after the vowel. || 15-3 ||
15-4
Ul|(9 T9( 7!P9-+{--v+
anusvra is also inserted in the case of sra etc., in a single word, before a spirant. || 15-4 ||
15-5
+l-6|4Tllt9 4 -+{---+
Not before an altered final. || 15-5 ||
15-6
H9(l- BPl+ll'4+ +l|BTl-4 T9lP+{--\+
According to some authorities, the simple vowels, except the pragrahas, are nasalized. || 15-6
||
15-7
9( - 6 Hll4+Tl'7Pl4+4l -+{--+
As is also, according to khyana and Kamyana, a protracted pada. || 15-7 ||
15-8
HTlF6 B|(6l4lP|9+{--<+
An a, however, is nasalized in sahit also. || 15-8 ||
15-9
B4 PT4P 9 4 9l B4 PT4P 9 4 9lP+{--+
According to the former ones, all is of one pitch. || 15-9 ||
16-1
H BTl9l-+{\-{+
Now for cases in which s follows. || 16-1 ||
16-2
UHl (9lH 9(l(4- F49 +{\--+
sra, o, ha, p, and a, at the beginning of a pada, take anusvra before a s that is followed by a
vowel. || 16-2 ||
16-3
|4T6 5|9+{\-(+
Even when the vowel is altered. || 16-3 ||
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 47 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
16-4
l9 4+{\-v+
As also, when they are preceded by r. || 16-4 ||
16-5
HF6l+-6l (l +{\--+
Also in ast, except when it is accented on the final syllable. || 16-5 ||
16-6
HHB+ +{\-\+
Also in aasan. || 16-6 ||
16-7
+ HB+ |4HB+ ++{\-+
But not in asanam and viasanena. || 16-7 ||
16-8
Pl 9(l|(+ (l-+{\-<+
m takes anusvra when beginning a pada and unaccented. || 16-8 ||
16-9
9 Pl9 4 |+t4P +{\-+
As also when preceded by pu or m, under all circumstances. || 16-9 ||
16-10
BTl49+{\-{+
And when followed by sakya. || 16-10 ||
16-11
+l4(9 4 -+{\-{{+
But not when preceded by a former member of a compound. || 16-11 ||
16-12
Pl|BPlB PlBl PlBl|P|6 +{\-{-+
Nor in msi, msu, msa, or msm. || 16-12 ||
16-13
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 48 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
|(9 |=l|=l7|B+ 56B4(l6lBltT+l4l74l4lll4ll4l~ 4lBl4l4Bl4l 4l
Bl =|4l=|4l|=|4l=l|4l6|F4l(lHl(l|(4l9|94l9l|94l|4l|4|4|H4lH ~ 4lBB 4l
+{\-{(+
The following words have anusvra before s: hi, pu, jig, jigh, chasine, atasayat, tst,
kany, jyy, drghy, raghy, rey, hrasy, vasy, bhysa, jakiv, jaghniv, jigiv, jgiv,
tasthiv, dv, ddiv, papiv, ppiv, vidv, viviiv, uruv, sasv. || 16-13 ||
16-14
HlTl Tll Tll- |B|99l- 9(l-64l -+{\-{v+
The vowels , , and have anusvra, when they are followed by si or i final. || 16-14 ||
16-15
|4T6 5|9+{\-{-+
Even when the i is altered. || 16-15 ||
16-16
H+lTll F4 Bl Tt4F4+{\-{\+
According to Sktya, the vowel, except , is short. || 16-16 ||
16-17
+ 9( |F4 |+t4P+{\-{+
Not, under any circumstances, in a dissyllabic word. || 16-17 ||
16-18
+=l|9|=l|B|=lF4=l|B4=l|B((l|B(l|B46 4l|B +{\-{<+
Nor in ji, jigsi, jighsi, ajsi, yajsi, dadsi, dadhsi, and vartaysi. || 16-18 ||
16-19
(B+l-4l (Bl |( B 49(Hl (H Tl(7l-4l 9-+{\-{+
In dasanbhya, dasobhi, dasam, vadaa, dauk, and darbhym, anusvra is
taken in the latter place. || 16-19 ||
16-20
PF4PB6 4BHB-4B6 4B-+{\--+
Also in masye, masatai, yasad, yasan, vasate, and vasaga. || 16-20 ||
16-21
7 4HP +{\--{+
Also in vaam, after ut or na. || 16-21 ||
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 49 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
16-22
H4F64F46 F46 HH6 +{\---+
Also in akrasta, krasyate, rasyate, and bhraate. || 16-22 ||
16-23
G +{\--(+
And also in rahyai. || 16-23 ||
16-24
9 Tl 74F4 |+6l-6-+{\--v+
The ai, according to Ukhya, is excessive. || 16-24 ||
16-25
|4|| B 4lB +{\---+
Also in vi, ri, and tri, in numerals, except in su. || 16-25 ||
16-26
|HH Pl-|H9tBHlBUlBB 7BFTt4BFT6B|H6B|H6l|T|H|T|
Hl+{\--\+
Also in iumra, iat, sav, sasr, sasa, sasktya saskta, saita, sait,
kiila, and kiil. || 16-26 ||
16-27
|B6 (Tl9-+{\--+
Also after si, t, or d, when h follows. || 16-27 ||
16-28
P|(UF4 +{\--<+
As also, in mahihasya. || 16-28 ||
16-29
Hl|((|6(l 5(l (l P t4(lH(Bl 5(BlHPH |H 4lHH HH
4l 5H PH +H +lHl Hl4l 9lHHl +{\--+
Also, after the first vowel, in ahati, aha, aho, ahomuc, atyah, ahasa, ahas,
aam, aubhi, aabhuv, au, a, aava, au, aum, an, aun, ao,
aya, upu, and aau. || 16-29 ||
16-30
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 50 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
H4( 7(ll 5B 5Bl4lBl-4lPBl|4|6+{\-(+
Also in ase, asya, asbhym, and asu, when accented on the first syllable. || 16-30 ||
16-31
+lBl4l +lBl4l+{\-({+
But not in asv . || 16-31 ||
17-1
6l6Pl++l|B14P+ F4llP |!4|6 H t4l4+-+{-{+
aityyana says that the nasal quality is stronger in anusvra and the nasal mutes. || 17-1 ||
17-2
BP B4 |6 Tl (l9 -+{--+
Kauhalputra says that it is the same everywhere. || 17-2 ||
17-3
H+ F4l 5|'4|6 ll=-+{-(+
Bhradvja says it is faint in anusvra. || 17-3 ||
17-4
+TlF4 Tl !P4Tll4l 8 Pl 9ll P 6l6|P|6 F|4- Tl |'7-4-+{-
v+
Old Kauinya says that when n is converted into r, or into a spirant, or into y (with loss of
the y), or when m is lost, it is stronger in each case successively. || 17-4 ||
17-5
-4V+Tl F4F4ll|T-+{--+
And to the vowel is added, in this case, the time of a consonant. || 17-5 ||
17-6
F4l|44P4l 7946- 9l !TBl( -+{-\+
Paukarasdi says the utterance of svra and vikrama is attended with firmer effort. || 17-6
||
17-7
94|4H 9ltB4 4Tl +l|P|6 Ht4l4+-+{-+
aityyana says, of all the letters, according to their difference of effort. || 17-7 ||
17-8
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 51 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
+l|6-4 + l-4P 4 4Tl +|(\4 6 94-9 T|P4lP (-ll 4lP|6 t4l4
Hl 4-+{-<+
treya says, one must utter the sounds not over-distinctly and not indistinctly; taking, as it
were, a vessel filled with drink, steady, according to the sense. || 17-8 ||
18-1
Hl Tl 6 9T4 9T 566l4Pl 46 +{<-{+
As praava, some utter o with two and a half moras. || 18-1 ||
18-2
7(ll+ (lF4|6l+l T|FP||(|6 H t4l4+-+{<--+
aityyana says it is to be uttered with either one of acute, grave, or circumflex. || 18-2 ||
18-3
694- Tl |'7-4F4+{<-(+
According to Kauinya, it is a sustained pracaya. || 18-3 ||
18-4
P\4P+ B 4l194l -+{<-v+
That application of the voice is with middle tone. || 18-4 ||
18-5
F4|6- -l|-ll4T4l -+{<--+
According to Plki and Plkyaa, it is circumflexed. || 18-5 ||
18-6
7(ll 4l-PlT -+{<-\+
According to Vlmki, it is acute. || 18-6 ||
18-7
4l94l 4l B4 9l 4l94l 4l B4 9lP+{<-+
All allow that it may also be according to the application. || 18-7 ||
19-1
F4|64l P \4 4 +l F4l(l4l 4l -466l 4l (lF4|64l - B |44P-+{-{+
Where a syllable of low tone occurs between two circumflex syllables, or two acute, or two of
which either one is acute and the other circumflex, that is vikrama. || 19-1 ||
19-2
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 52 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
949 4 Tl |'7-4F4+{--+
As also, according to Kauinya, when a pracaya precedes. || 19-2 ||
19-3
|4P 9T |4P9 6l HTPll-+{-(+
According to some, in a circumflex syllable that is followed by a circumflex, quarter moras are
so. || 19-3 ||
19-4
6F4lP 4 9T6l +{-v+
In that very material. || 19-4 ||
19-5
+ 9 4 HlN + 9 4 HlN +{--+
Not in the former teaching. || 19-5 ||
20-1
4Tl Tl4l 44Tll4 9 7(l4l -+--{+
When i, , and u are converted into y or v, the accent is kaipra, if they were acute. || 20-1 ||
20-2
B4Tl4Tl t4 4 F44 6 |F6 9( 5+ (l9 4 594 4l |+t4 t44 =l+l4l6 +--
-+
But where a syllable containing a y or v is circumflexed in a fixed word, being preceded by a
grave syllable, or not preceded by anything, that is to be known as nitya. || 20-2 ||
20-3
H|9 l+l9(FP (lP tBl|(6+ F44 6 B 9l|6(6-+--(+
If, moreover, there is an acute standing in another word, then, if there be a circumflex
resulting from a rule of combination, it is prtihata. || 20-3 ||
20-4
6FPl(Tll 9 5||+(6-+--v+
After such a one, in case of the loss of an a, it is abhinihata. || 20-4 ||
20-5
7l4 9|V7-+---+
Where an results, it is pralia. || 20-5 ||
20-6
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 53 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
9(|44 x4l 9l(4 -+--\+
Where there is a hiatus between two words, it is pdavtta. || 20-6 ||
20-7
7(l9 4 F6 l -4V+-+--+
Where an acute precedes, it is tairovyajana. || 20-7 ||
20-8
|6 F4l+lP 4l|++--<+
These are the names of the circumflex accents. || 20-8 ||
20-9
9|+t44l 76-+--+
In the kaipra and nitya, the effort is firmer. || 20-9 ||
20-10
H||+(6 +--{+
As also in the abhinihata. || 20-10 ||
20-11
9|V79l|6(64l P 6-+--{{+
In the pralia and prtihata, it is gentler. || 20-11 ||
20-12
6 l -4V+9l(4 4l -96l 5-96-+--{-+
In the tairovyajana and pdavtta, it is feebler. || 20-12 ||
21-1
-4V+ F4l\P+-{-{+
The consonant is adjunct of a vowel. || 21-1 ||
21-2
6t9F4P +-{--+
And it belongs to the following vowel. || 21-2 ||
21-3
H4|B6 94 F4+-{-(+
A consonant in pausa belongs to the preceding vowel. || 21-3 ||
21-4
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 54 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
B 4ll|(+-{-v+
Also the first consonant of a group. || 21-4 ||
21-5
9 T lB|(6P+-{--+
And one that is not combined with the following vowel. || 21-5 ||
21-6
H+ F4l- F4|+-{-\+
Also anusvra and svarabhakti. || 21-6 ||
21-7
+l-6Fl9PB4T P+-{-+
But not a consonant that is followed by a semivowel, if dissimilar with it. || 21-7 ||
21-8
+l|B14l-+-{-<+
Nor the nose-sounds. || 21-8 ||
21-9
F9H l !P9 7!Pl t9+-{-+
Nor a mute that is followed by a spirant - provided the following spirant is likewise in the
same case. || 21-9 ||
21-10
F4|6ltB|(6l4lP+ (ll+l 94 7(l~ |6-+-{-{+
Of grave syllables following a circumflex in sahit there is pracaya, having the tone of acute.
|| 21-10 ||
21-11
+l (lF4|69-+-{-{{+
But not when an acute or circumflex follows. || 21-11 ||
21-12
F9Hl(+ PlP9l(l+ 9 -4l l|B14l-+-{-{-+
After a non-nasal mute, when it is followed by a nasal, are inserted, in their order, nose-
sounds. || 21-12 ||
21-13
6l-4Pl+ T +-{-{(+
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 55 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
Some call these yamas. || 21-13 ||
21-14
(TllTP9ll|B14P +-{-{v+
After h, when followed by n, , or m, is inserted nsikya. || 21-14 ||
21-15
Tl!PB4l TF4|-+-{-{-+
In the combination of r and a spirant, there is a svarabhakti of r. || 21-15 ||
21-16
+ 4P 9P9 9P9 +-{-{\+
But not in case of krama, when a first mute follows the spirant. || 21-16 ||
22-1
H-(- 9T|6- B4 4Tl +lP+---{+
Tone is the material of all articulate sounds. || 22-1 ||
22-2
6F4 -9l-4t4 4Tl -4t4P +----+
In the difference of form of the former consists the difference of the latter. || 22-2 ||
22-3
6 H-(-4l'4 (l(|!4lP-+---(+
Here we will instance the offices of terms. || 22-3 ||
22-4
4T Tll |+( HTl +---v+
vara and kra are indicatory. || 22-4 ||
22-5
l9lt4-4l( HTl +----+
ca and api are implicative. || 22-5 ||
22-6
t4 4|6 |4|+46 Tl|TlTl4lTl-+---\+
tu, atha, and eva are exceptional, introductory, and restrictive, respectively. || 22-6 ||
22-7
4 |6 4l|9T-+---+
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 56 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
v is alternative. || 22-7 ||
22-8
+ |6 9|69 T-+---<+
na is prohibitive. || 22-8 ||
22-9
Hl4lPl (l6'4PT 6l GF4 t4 -Tl|T H-(F4+---+
Tension, hardness, smallness of aperture, are producers of high tone. || 22-9 ||
22-10
H-44Bl Pl(4P 66l GF4|6 +l -Tl|T+---{+
Relaxation, softness, wideness of aperture, are producers of low tone. || 22-10 ||
22-11
P-P\4P6ll|T Fl+l|+ 4|-6+---{{+
Soft, middle, and loud are the three qualities. || 22-11 ||
22-12
6 T|4H|64 Pl-+---{-+
In them are twenty-one tones. || 22-12 ||
22-13
+|4lP- 9(|4lPl |44 ||4lP- BPl+9(|44 ||4lP|NPll |Pl 9TPll 5 Pl
t4l+ 9 -4 T+---{(+
The verse-pause, pada-pause, pause for hiatus, and pause for hiatus in the interior of a word,
are respectively of three moras, two moras, one mora, anda a half-mora. || 22-13 ||
22-14
4V+l-6 4 l|9 (l B 4l9 4 6l++l|BTP+ 96l|+ B4l |T -|T |4Hl
7 9l'46l 5-4l|+ 66l |++---{v+
A syllable that ends with a consonant, one that has a long vowel, one that precedes a
conjuction of consonants, one that is nasal - all these are to be accounted heavy; the rest, other
than these, are light. || 22-14 ||
22-15
H-4V+l-6 4& F4PB 4l9 46 H++ F4lB 4P6 |+4l 6 6
|+4l 6+---{-+
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 57 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
A syllable that does not end with a consonant, that has a short vowel, and that is not
followed by a conjunction of consonants, and one that is not combined with anusvra - know
that to be light. || 22-15 ||
23-1
H 4T |4H 9l t9|-+-(-{+
Now for the origin of the differences of articulate sounds. || 23-1 ||
23-2
H+ 9(l+ltBBl tFl+ltTT|4-44l6 =l46 4T 4 H !4 9|PlTl 9Pl(
|6+-(--+
The differentiation of articulate sounds arises from emission, closure, position, disposition of
producing organ, and, fifthly, from quantity. || 23-2 ||
23-3
4T 9- H-(l 4l 7t9|-+-(-(+
Sound combined with articulation is the orgin of voice. || 23-3 ||
23-4
B8 4l Fl+l|+ 4|-6+-(-v+
Of voice, there are seven qualities. || 23-4 ||
23-5
79lH \4l+|+P(l 9|-(P-P-P\4P6ll|T+-(--+
Namely, inaudible, murmur, whisper, mumbling, soft, middle, and loud. || 23-5 ||
23-6
TT4(H-(PP+-94l P 9lH +-(-\+
"Inaudible" is without sound, without application of mind, but with articulating action. ||
23-6 ||
23-7
H-4V+l+lP+ 9|-\4l +-+-(-+
"Murmur" is inaudibleness of syllables and consonants. || 23-7 ||
23-8
79|-|+ P(-+-(-<+
"Whisper" is their audibleness. || 23-8 ||
23-9
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 58 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
BH-(P 9|-(P6 +-(-+
"Mumbling" is the same, with sound. || 23-9 ||
23-10
7|B P- T' P\4P |H|B 6lP +-(-{+
"Soft" is in the chest, "middle" in the throat, "loud" in the head. || 23-10 ||
23-11
P-l|(9 |9 Fl+ 9 B8B8 4Pl-+-(-{{+
In the three qualities beginning with "soft," there are seven tones each. || 23-11 ||
23-12
T79P|6l46 6l46 P-l|6F4l4l -+-(-{-+
Namely, ka, first, second, third, fourth, mandra, and atisvrya. || 23-12 ||
23-13
6 9l (l|8=l 9|--+-(-{(+
Of these, the perception is born of brightness. || 23-13 ||
23-14
|6l49PT7lN4 HllTF4l-+-(-{v+
"Second," "first," and ka are the three tones of the hvrakas. || 23-14 ||
23-15
P-l(4l |6l4l-6lt4lF6 |l4Tl-+-(-{-+
The four beginning with mandra and ending with "second" are those of the taittiryas. || 23-
15 ||
23-16
|6l4l-P-F6 |l4lTl 6 6l46 l 4+-6 66 4 P|Pt4l6 +-(-{\+
According to the taittiryas, the mandra proceeds from the "second," and the "third" and
"fourth" come next after: this they style the tone-quaternion. || 23-16 ||
23-17
6|FP|-4Pl-6l 4|-+-(-{+
In it, progression is by intervals of two tones. || 23-17 ||
23-18
6lP 9( 4lP-+-(-{<+
That progression we will set forth. || 23-18 ||
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 59 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
23-19
66 4 P|Pt4 P +-(-{+
That is what is called the quaternion of tones. || 23-19 ||
23-20
4|P44PB 9lP 6lP|4|46lP +llF4lB 9l 4( & 646l BPl 4( & 646l
BPl|P|6+-(--+
It must be uttered with krama and vikrama, not hurried, not delayed, with grave, acute, and
circumflex accent, with pracaya, and even. || 23-20 ||
24-1
H 6U- B|(6l-+-v-{+
Now for the four texts. || 24-1 ||
24-2
9(B|(6lB|(6l 4T B|(6l\B|(6l |6+-v--+
Word-text, syllable-text, letter-text, and member-text, namely. || 24-2 ||
24-3
+l+l9(B l+B 4l- 9(B|(6 t4|l46 +-v-(+
Conjunction of independent words by euphonic combination is called word-text. || 24-3 ||
24-4
4lF4PB|(6l(l+lP-4 4P +-v-v+
And in like manner with the syllable-text and the rest, in accordance with their several
names. || 24-4 ||
24-5
6t4 6l Bl4 F4(l -6l|+ l 9lP|4Tll 9T|6|4 4P- 4P-
F4|6l(l+lt4 HlBl +l(l 5\P4 96tB4 6 |4 4 7-(l l9lPl46l+-v-
-+
Heaviness, lightness, evenness; short, long, and protracted quantity; elision, increment, and
euphonic alteration; natural state, vikrama, krama; circumflex, acute, and grave quality; breath,
tone, and adjunction - all this must be understood by him who reads the Veda language. ||
24-5 ||
24-6
Taittirya-Prtikhya, edited and translated by William Dwight Whitney, page 60 www.sanskritweb.net/yajurveda
9(4P|4H 9l 4T4P|4T- F4Pll|4ll 7 (ll4BB(
7 (ll4BB(|P|6+-v-\+
He who understands the distinctions of the pada-krama, who is versed in the vara-krama, and
nows the divisions of accent and quantity, may go and sit with the teachers. || 24-6 ||
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