TEXT ONE

German dream of unity is now a reality

Oct 3, 1990. Germany is one nation again. The rebirth was at midnight with a
triumphant sound of bells. There were black, red and gold flags in the hands of hundreds of
people.
Forty-five years after the end of Second World War, Germany was free and united in
liberty. The future is uncertain. There are many difficulties to be faced, but tonight there is
only joy.

(Adapted from Chronicle of the 20th Century, Dorling Kindersley, 1995, p.1343.)

TEXT COMPREHENSION

1-The end of World War II was in:

a) 1935 b) 1945

2-O texto é sobre:

a) 2ª Guerra Mundial
b) Hitler
c) A união da Alemanha Ocidental com a Alemanha Oriental.

GRAMMAR

TO BE (SIMPLE PAST)

Forma Afirmativa

I, he, she, it = WAS EX.: Germany was free and united in liberty.
You, we, they = WERE

Forma negativa

I, he, she, it = WAS NOT OU WASN’T Ex.: In 1989, Germany was not free and united
You, we, they = WERE NOT OU WEREN’T in liberty.

Forma interrogativa

WAS I, he, she, it? Ex.: Was Germany free and united in 1990?
WERE you, we, they?

Na forma interrogativo-negativa há duas possibilidades:

WAS I, he, she, it not...? ou WASN’T I, he, she, it…?
WERE you, we, they not…? ou WEREN’T you, we, they…?

Como você pode ver, o verbo to be (ser, estar) no passado apresenta duas formas: was
e were. Para todas as pessoas do singular (I, he, she e it) no passado, será utilizado WAS no
lugar de am ou is. E para todas as pessoas do plural (you, we e they) será usado WERE, no
lugar de are.
 I was (eu fui, eu era, eu estava, eu estive)
We were (nós fomos, nós éramos, nós estávamos, nós estivemos)...

Geralmente são usados advérbios e locuções adverbiais de tempo em sentenças com

verbos no passado. Por exemplo:
yesterday – ontem
the day before yesterday – antes de ontem, anteontem
last week – na semana passada
last month; last year – no mês passado; no ano passado
in 1999 – em 1999

EXERCISE

1- Complete as frases abaixo com a forma correta do verbo TO BE no passado:

a) My friends _____ sad last night.

b) Teresa ____ at the party last Saturday.
c) My brother and I _____ in the office yesterday afternoon.
d) The rock concert ____ wonderful! I love rock’n roll.
e) The cake and the juice _____ delicious. Thank you.
f) I ____ at the beach with my parents last summer.

2- Passe as frases para a forma interrogativa do Simple Past:

a) She was a beautiful princess.

b) They were happy together.
c) You were big friends.
d) Paul was a good student.

3- Passe as frases para o passado na forma negativa:

a) I am tall and thin.

b) This letter from Gary is very nice.
c) We are good students and the teacher is very happy.
d) Girls are very beautiful in Brazil.

4- Coloque as expressões abaixo no espaço correto, conforme o sentido delas:

a long time ago now last night in the past every day
at that time today at the moment yesterday this week

PAST PRESENT

GRAMMAR

TO BE – Respostas

Como responder perguntas no passado?

As respostas seguem a mesma estrutura no presente e no passado, podendo ser curtas
ou completas.
 RESPOSTAS CURTAS
Ex.: Was he an office-boy?
Resp. Yes, he was. ou No, he was not.

RESPOSTAS COMPLETAS
Ex.: Was she a beautiful girl?
Resp. Yes, she was a beautiful girl. ou No, she was not a beautiful
girl, she was ugly.

EXERCISE

1- Dê respostas completas para as perguntas abaixo sobre você mesmo:

a) Where were you on your vacation?

b) When were you born?
c) What was your first school?
d) Where were you born?
e) Were you at home yesterday morning?
f) Were you at school yesterday?

TEXT TWO

Where were you last night?

Last night I was at home alone.

My husband was at his office; my son was with him. My daughters were at school; there
was a basketball game
yesterday.
Fortunately, there was a good show on TV and there were two new books on the shelf.

TEXT COMPREHENSION

1- Where was she last night?

2- Where were her husband and her son?

3- Where were her daughters?

4- Was there a show at school yesterday?

5- How many new books were there on the shelf?

GRAMMAR

VERB THERE TO BE – PAST

O verbo haver, no passado, sofre as mesmas mudanças do verbo ser ou estar (TO BE).
Veja no quadro abaixo:

THERE TO BE – PRESENT

INTERROGATIVE
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATI -NEGATIVE
VE
 SINGUL THERE IS THERE IS NOT IS THERE? ISN’T THERE?
.

PLURAL THERE ARE THERE ARE NOT ARE THERE? AREN’T THERE?

THERE TO BE – PAST

INTERROGATIVE
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATI -NEGATIVE
VE

SINGUL THERE WAS THERE WAS NOT WAS THERE? WASN’T THERE?
.

PLURAL THERE WERE THERE WERE WERE THERE? WEREN’T THERE?

NOT

Ou seja, para todas as pessoas do singular no passado, será utilizado WAS no lugar de
is. E para todas as pessoas do plural será usado WERE, no lugar de are.

EXERCISE

1- Complete as orações, usando o verbo THERE TO BE no passado:

a) _____________ five horses on the farm last month.

b) _____________ ten students in the class.
c) _____________ six boys on the beach yesterday.
d) _____________ a show in the town last month.
e) _____________ some coffee at home yesterday.
f) _____________ a man at the corner last night.

2- Passe as sentenças para o passado nas formas afirmativa, negativa e

interrogativa:

a) In a monarchie there is a sovereign.

b) There are many monarchies all over the world.

c) There are many famous kings in France.