Bacterial Leaf Blight

Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli

Disease: Bacterial blight of bean

Symptoms: Infected seed is wrinkled and shrivelled with its hilum (the scar or eye of a bean or seed that marks its attachment to the stalk) being discolored and has a very poor germination rate. Infected seedling has injured growing tips. The primary leaves have angular watersoaked spots. Infected leaf has watersoaked spots with lemon-yellow or bright-yellow colored margins. As the disease progresses, the spots turn brown and the leaf may fall down prematurely. Infected pod has watersoaked spots with reddish-brown edges. When the infected tissue dries out, a bacterial crust is formed on the surface of the older pods lesions as a result of the drying of the bacterial discharges. A diseased-field shows plants with burnt appearance.

Bacterial Leaf Blight

X. axonopodis pv. malvacearum

Disease: Bacterial blight of cotton; Angular leaf spot of cotton Symptoms: Infected leaf has angular , dark-green watersoaked spots with red to brown margin that will eventually turn dark-brown or black due to death of the infected tissues. Severe infestation leads to premature falling of leaves (defoliation). As the disease progresses, the leaf petiole and stem may become infected resulting in premature defoliation. An infected stem is girdle with black lesions (black arm syndrome) causing it to die and break. An infected boll has round watersoaked spots causing it to rot.

Bacterial Leaf Blight

X. oryzae pv. oryzae
Disease: Bacterial leaf blight of rice Symptoms: An infected leaf has yellow watersoaked lesions at the margin of its leaf blade. The lesions run parallel along the leaf and when they join together may cover the whole leaf. Bacterial discharge appears on young lesion early in the morning that looks like a milky dewdrop. As the disease progresses, the leaf dries-up with white lesions and the leaf blade has wavy margin.

Bacterial Leaf Blight

X. campestris pv. vesicatoria
Disease: Bacterial leaf blight of tomato and pepper Symptoms: Infected tomato leaf has dark watersoaked circular spots which are about 3 mm in sizes but may become larger when the temperature is right. The spots become angular and turn brown-black. Eventually, the centre of the spots may dry And leaf may drop prematurely. Infected young fruit has small black spots. As the bacteria further develop, the spots turn brown, slightly sunken, scabby, and sometimes surrounded by rings. Severe infestation gives the plant the appearance of blight. Infected pepper leaf has small, circular pale-green raised spots. Eventually, the spots become chocolate-brown with a paler-brown center on the lower leaf surface. During severe infestation, the plant drops most of its leaves leaving its fruits exposed to direct sunlight. Infected fruit has circular green spots. As the bacteria progresses, the spots turn darkbrown to black and with raised, cracked, scabby surfaces.

Bacterial Leaf Blight

X. campestris pv. manihotis

Disease: Cassava bacterial blight Symptoms: Infested leaf has angular watersoaked spots along its veins, margin, and tip. The infected leaf blade turns brown with the typical watersoaked symptom at the leading edge of the brown patch. As the disease further develops, the spots join together into large patches killing the leaf blade as they expand. The leaf eventually dries and falls down.

Bacterial Leaf Blight

Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. glycinea; P. syringae pv. glycines
Disease: Bacterial blight of soybean Symptoms: Infected leaf has small angular watersoaked lesions that are surrounded by yellow-green rings. As the lesions enlarge, they joined together forming dark-brown or black dead areas with yellow margins. Eventually the lesions dry up and tear down giving the leaf ragged and tattered appearance.

Bacterial Leaf Streak

X. oryzae pv. oryzicola
Disease:

Bacterial Leaf Streak of Rice

Symptoms: Infected leaf has narrow, dark-green, watersoaked streaks of various lengths initially found on the leaf blade during tillering and booting growth stages. As the disease progresses, the streaks turn to yellowish-gray and transparent. Bacterial discharge appears as numerous yellow beads on the surface of the lesion. In its advance stage, the lesions turn brown to grayish-white and they remain linear on the leaf margins.