Chemistry Edexcel AS keywords Unit 1

Here is a big list of all the keywords you need for AS chemistry Unit 1 edexcel. I have mixed them all up!!! Enjoy = ] Moles: A mole of a substance is 6.02x10^23 chemical units or the same number of chemical units as 12g of carbon-12. Addition reaction: When you add two substances together without replacing or removing anything. Electrophile: An atom, ion or molecule which is short of electrons, so it is attracted to places where there are lots of electrons. Risk: The probability that a given hazard will cause damage to health or harm you. Structural isomerism: An isomer with the same molecular formula but a different structural formula. First ionisation energy: The energy required to remove 1 mole of electrons from 1 mole of gaseous atoms to form 1 mole of gaseous 1+ ions. Van de waals forces: Weak intermolecular attractions that form between uncharged molecules, temporarily. Mass number: The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom OR the mass of the nucleus of an atom. Geometric isomerism: Isomers with the same molecular and structural formulas but different spatial relationship. Ionic bonding: Bonding where one atom has complete control of the electrons in the bonding pair, forming ions, which are strongly attracted by electrostatic attractions. Enthalpy: The total energy content of reacting materials. Monomer: A single unit of a substance. Elimination reaction: A reaction where something is removed from a substance without it being replaced. Alkane: A saturated hydrocarbon with the general formula CnH2n+2

Nucleophile: A chemical "species" that donates an electron pair to an electrophile to form a chemical bond in a reaction. Relative atomic mass: The average weighted mass of the isotopes of an element relative to 1/12 of carbon-12. Compound: A substance which contains more than one element chemically bonded together. Bond enthalpy: The energy required to break a bond. hydrogen bonds: Weak intermolecular bonds that form permanently within a substance. Avogadro's constant: 6.02x10^23 particles of a chemical unit. Standard enthalpy change: This refers to a reaction which takes place Polymer: Multiple monomers chemically joined together. Alkene: An unsaturated hydrocarbon with the general formula CnH2n. Substitution reaction: A reaction where one element/substance is replaced with another. Covalent bonding: When the bonding electrons are shared between the two atoms equally. Enthalpy of vaporisation: This is the enthalpy change when one mole of liquid is evaporated to form one mole of gas. Pi Bond: A weaker, more reactive bond, which forms using the p orbitals to create a double bond with a sigma bond. Molecules: A group of atoms chemically bonded together. Hazard: An activity or substance which can cause damage to health. Enthalpy change: The total exchange of energy that takes place with the surroundings. Dative covalent bonding: A covalent bond where both of the electrons in the bonding pair come from one atom. Atom: The smallest unit of an element that can still be called that element. Element: A substance made up of one type of atom. Hess'Law: The total enthalpy change is independent of the route taken. Polarity: The distortion of the electron cloud of one atom by another.

Lattice dissociation enthalpy: The enthalpy change when one mole of an ionic compound is split into it's constituent ions. Ion: A charged atoms, which has more/less electrons than protons. Empirical formula: A formula which shows the simplest whole number ratio of atoms in a compound. Relative molecular mass: The mass of a substance's molecules relative to 1/12 of carbon-12. Electronegativity: The attraction of the bonding pair of electrons. Metallic bonding: The electrostatic attractions which form between the positive metal ions and their free moving delocalised electrons. Standard enthalpy of formation: The standard enthalpy change when one mole of a compound is formed from it's elements under standard conditions. Molecular formula: A formula which shows the actual type and number of atoms in a compound. Isotopes: An atom which has a different number of neutrons, but the same number of protons and electrons. Standard enthalpy of atomisation: The standard enthalpy change when one mole of gaseous atoms is formed from it's elements under standard conditions. Atomic number: The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. Sigma bond: The strong single bond which forms between two atoms. It is less reactive than a pi bond. Relative isotopic mass: The mass of an element's isotopes relative to 1/12 of carbon-12. Isoelectronic: Two or more atoms which have the same electronic configuration. Standard enthalpy of neutralisation: The standard enthalpy change when one mole of water is formed from an acid and an alkali reacting together. Electron affinity: The energy required to add 1 mole of electrons to 1 mole of atoms to form 1 mole of -1 ions. Lattice energy: The enthalpy change when one mole of an ionic compound is formed from it's ions. Free radical: An ion, atom or molecule with a lone electron from a bonding pair.

Hope this helps!

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