B OL T ING_ TORQUEAND LOADING

The torqueor turningeffortrequiredto producea certain stressin boltingis dependent

upon a numberof
conditions,
someof whichare:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

D i a m e t e ro f b o l t .
T y p e a n d n u m b e r o f t h r e a d so n b o l t .
M a t e r i a lo f b o l t .
C o n d i t i o n o f n u t b e a r i n gs u r f a c e s ,
L u b r i c a t i o no f b o l t t h r e a d sa n d n u t b e a r i n gs u r f a c e s .

The tablesbelowreflectthe resultsof manyCranetests

to determinethe relation betweentorque and bolt
stress.Valuesare basedon steelboltingwell lubricated

with a heavygraphiteand oil mixture.lt was foundthat

a non-lubricated
bolt has an efficiencyof aboutS0 per
cent of a well lubricatedbolt and also that different
lubricants
produceresultsvaryingbetween
the limitsof
50 and 100per cent of the tabulatedstressfigures.
For high temperatureinstallations,
particularlyover
500 F and up to 1050F, a compoundsuch as Crane
High Temperature
ThreadCompoundshouldbe used.
Throughits use,stud boltscan be morereadilyfollowed
up or disassembled
after beingsubjectedto heat.

Data for Use with Machine Bolts and Gold Rolled Steel Stud Bolts
Nominal
Diameter
of Bolt

Numbe
of
Threads

Inches

Per Inch

tl4
5/ 16
3/B
7/ 1 6
t/2

20
IB
t6

Minor
Diameter

Inches

Tensile
Stress
Area
Sq. Inch

. lB87
.2M3
.2983
.3499
.4056

.03l8
.0524
.0775
. l03
.1419

.403
.5135
.6273
.7387
.8466

l3/e
Ilz

7
7
o
o

l3A
2

Nominal
Diamete
of Stud

9/16
5/8
3/4
7/8
I
lyl
lY4

l35
l95
2505
345
4545

30
55
85
130

50r0
6930
9090

.9497
1.0747
1.1705
t.2955

.763
.969
1 .1 5 5
1.405

95
130
170
225

7268
8663
10538

185
260
340
450

11445
14535
17325
21075

5
AYz

I.504
| . 7 2 74

l 90
2.50

360
525

14250
t8750

Number
o1
Threads

Minor
Diameter

Tensile
Stress
Area

9/16
5/8
3/4
7/B
I

12
11
i0
9
8

.403
.5135
.6273
.7387
.8466

.tB2
.226
.M2
.06

\y8
7r/q

8
B
8
8

.9716
1.096
1.2216
1.34

.790
1.000
1.233
1.492

8
I
B

1.4716
r.5966
1.7216
1.846

8
B
8
B

2.0966
2.3466
2.5966
2.8466

Bolting materials . .. page 10

Inches

(702

477
786
I 163
1595
2t29

t?

2730
3390

28500
37500

I tJ

1050
Data for Use with Alloy Steel Stud Bolts

.0318
.0524
.0775
.103
.l 4 l 9

23/q

t2
t5
30
45
65

t2
1l
10
9
B

.1887
.2443
.2983
.3499
.405

2r/z

30,000psi

Tension
Lbs.

tB2
226
334
M2
606

t3

20
l8
l6
t4
l3

21/q

Torque
Ft. Lbs.

6
l0
l5

l4

ll4
5/1,6
3/8
7/ 1 6
t/2

ls/a
f3/+
l7/B
2

15,000psi

Tension
Lbs.

239
393
5Bl
797
1064

Per Inch

lVz

7,500psi
Torque
Ft. Lbs.
I
2
3
5
B

Inches

l3/a

Stress

Sq. Inches

Torque
Ft. Lbs.

Tension
Lbs.

954
t572
2325
3I89
4257

B
l2
20
30
*J

60
ll0

r70
260
370

540
6780
10020
13860
IBIBO

680
900

22890
29070
3450
42150

1425
2100

57000
75000

s20

Stress

30,000psi
Torque
Ft. Lbs.
A

8
12
20
30
45
60
ll0
t70
260

45,)0 psi

60,000psi

Tension
Lbs.

Torque
Ft. Lbs.

Tension
Lbs.

954
1572

6
t2
1B
30
45

l43l
2439
3488
4784
386

60

r90B
3t44
450
6378
8514

68
90
165

Bl90
10I70
15030
20790
27270

90
120
220
340
520

10920
13560
20040
27720
3360

750

47m0
60000
73980
89520

JZ)

3l89
4257
5460
6780
10020
r3860
18180

o(E

390

Torque
Ft. Lbs.

8
l6
24

Tension
Lbs.

525
7t5
925

23700
30000
3990
44760

790
1075
1395

3s550
45000
55485
67140

1.78
2.08
2.41
2.77

1200
1500
1850
2260

53400
62400
72300
83100

lB00
2250
2775
3390

80100
93600
r08450
124650

2400
3000
3700
4525

r06800
r24800
I4,1600
r6200

3.5
4.M
5.43
6.51

3260
4500
6025
7875

106800
133200
162900
I95300

4890
6750
9040
l l8I5

l0200
199800
2M350
292950

6525
9000
12050
15750

213600
266m0
32s800
39000

J/)

al,o)

r050
1425
1850

33