54

Physics
Physics
HkkSfrdh
(312)
Assignment - I
ewY;kadu i=k & I
(Lessons 1-12)
ikB 1 ls 12 rd
Max. Marks: 25
25
Note: (i) All questions are compulsory. Each question carries equal marks.
fVIi.kh% ii i i -i i l(i r| - -i r|
(ii) Write your name, enrolment number, AI name and subject etc. on the top of
the first page of the answer sheet.
-i l-ni i- i`- + i i i i-, >-i,
i i-, l(i il -- ii - lli|
1. Answer any two of the following questions.
lllin i - lri nks i -i il|
(a) State the law of conservation of momentum. Derive this law from Newton's third
law of motion. Illustrate the conservation of momentum with an example.
(^ -ii i l- ni;| ; l- i - n ni l- ,ii -
il| (^ -ii l- i iri ,ii ii il|
(b) A driver of a car travelling at 60 km/h applies the brakes and decelerates uniformly.
The car stops in 6 seconds. Another driver going at 36 km/h applies brakes slower
and stops after 10 seconds. Plot the speed time graph for two cars on the same
paper. Which of the two cars travelled farther after the brakes were applied?
60 km/h i i ni ri i i;( ^ini r i i i -i
-ln ni r| i 6 - ini r| 36km/h i i ni ri
i i;( i ii-i ^ln ^ini r i 10 in ini
r| ii ii i i- ^i ri i^ i;| ^i in
ii ii - i i i li i i`
(c) A stone of man 500 g tied to the end of a string 80 cm long is whirled in a horizontal
circle with a constant speed. If the stone makes 14 revolutions in 25 s, what is the
magnitude and direction of acceleration of the stone? Also calculate the tension in
the string.
80 cm ii^ l 500 g -i i -i iii ^i r i ;
-i i ii li -iln ( n - i-ii ini r| l -i 25 s - 14
^ini r ni -i -(i i lii- i i lii i ri^i` ii^ - ni( i
ii l il|
55
Physics
2. Answer any two of the following questions.
lllin i - lri nks i -i il|
(a) Define Young's Modulus for the material of a body. A steel rod has a radius of 10
mm and a length of 1.0 m. A 10 10
4
N force stretches it along its length. Calculate
(a) stress and (b) elongation on the rod. Young's Modulus of steel is 2.0 10
11
Nm
2
.
li (-n ii l ^ ^ii i liilin il| li --i i
i lii 10 mm nii i; 1.0 m r| i; 10 10
4
N

i ; ni i ;i
i; li iini r| - (a) ln nii i; - ( l, lln il|
--i i ^ -i-ini ^ii 2.0 10
11
Nm
2
li ^i r|
(b) State the theorem of perpendicular axes for the moment of inertia of a lamina.
Calculate the moment of intertia of a disc of radius R and man M about one of its
diameters. Given moment of inertia of the disc about an axis perpendicular to it
and through its centre is
2
2
MR
.
li - l -( iii (n -i - i lli| lii R nii
-i M i li l>i i li i ln -( iii lln
il| li r l l>i li(n nii ; ^ (ii -i
ln -( iii i -i
2
2
MR
r|
(c) State Pascal's law. Explain the working of a hydraulic lift. In a hydraulic lift how
much weight is needed to lift a car of man 1000 kg. Given the ratio of the areas of
cross section of the two pistons is 10.
i- i l- lli| ri;il l- i i iii -ni;| li ri;il
l- - 1000 kg -i i i i -i l ln ii i i(ni ri^i`
li r l ii l--i -i i- -ii i in 10 r|
3. Derive expressions for the values of g on the earth's surface and at a distance h above
the surface of the earth, where h is very small compared to the radius of the earth.
Calculate the value of g at an altitude of 16 km. Take the radius of the earth as 6400 km
and the value of g on the surface of the earth as 9.8 ms
2
.
(i i nr nii (i i nr h i g -ii - il| ri
h i -i (i i lii i ni - rn i-i r|
16 km i n^ni ( (i i nr +i;) g i -i lln il| (i i lii
6400 km nii (i i nr g i -i 9.8 ms
2
il|
OR vFkok
State Bernoulli's principle. With the help of diagrams explain its application in the
design of a carburetor and in the design of the body of an aeroplane.
i l,in i (i il| lii i rini li i- nii (ii i
ii i li; ni - ; i^ i (i il|
56
Physics
4. Define the term coefficient of thermal conductivity. List the factors on which it depends
An iron bar (L
1
= 0.1 m, A
1
= 0.02 m
2
, K
1
= 79 Wm
1
K
1
) and a brass bar (L
2
= 0.1 m,
A
2
= 0.02 m
2
, K
2
= 109 Wm
1
K
1
) are soldered end to end as shown in the following
figure. The free end of the iron bar and brass bar are maintained at 373 K and 273 K
respectively. Calculate the temperature of the junciton of the two bars.
+-i ini ^ii i liiii lli| r ^ii ll ii li ni r`
ir i (L
1
= 0.1 m, A
1
= 0.02 m
2
, K
1
= 79 Wm
1
K
1
) nii in i (L
2
= 0.1 m, A
2
= 0.02 m
2
, K
2
= 109 Wm
1
K
1
) i l li i li i -
i- li ^i r| ir i nii in i -(ni li i >-i 373 K nii
273 K ii ^i r| ii i i li i ni lln il|
OR vFkok
State the first law of thermodynamics and express it in the mathematical form. Write
the sign conventions for the signs of Q, U and W. What are the limitations of this
law?
+-i^lni i i- l- lli i ; ^lini - n il| Q, U nii
W lr l i^ i i (ii lr li-i i ni;| ; l- i i
i-i r|
5. Project Work
Take four beakers A, B, C and D of suitable size (about 100 mL). Four equal volumes
of clean water, sugar solution, detergent solution and kerosene in beakers A, B, C and
D respectively.
Procure four capillary tubes of the same internal diameters from some scientific store
or a school laboratory. Clean the capillary tubes and dry all of them with a dryer.
Now dip first capillary tube in beaker A, second in beaker B, third in beaker C and
fourth in beaker D. Observe and compare the rise of different liquids in the capillary
tubes. Try to measure the rise of liquid in each capillary tube. Arrange the liquids
according to their rise in the capillary tube.
Record your observations in your note book and interpret your findings. As you know
the surface tension of detergent solution is less than that of pure water, on this basis
Iron Brass
To
T
2
= 273 K
T
1
= 373 K
iri in
To
T
2
= 273 K
T
1
= 373 K
57
Physics
arrange these liquids in decreasing order of their surface tension.
Write a report of this project.
ifj;kstuk dk;Z
ln i; (^i^ 100 mL) i i A, B, C nii D il| ii ii A, B, C
nii D - >-i i, , ii i ii, l-- i ii nii il -i in
il|
li (nil ii l(>ni nii li l(ni i i^iii -i inl
i i i li li il| lii li i i li i ii
il|
ri lii i i i A -, i i i B -, nii i i C - nii iii
i i D - i;| lii li - l(li (i + -ii il i
i ni il| - lii i - ( n i -i i - il|
(i i lii i - + i (l-in il|
-iii i i i- - ln il i lii i l((i il| i
l i in r l l-- ii i `- ni( i, - rini r, ; iii
; (i i `- ni( i-n >- - (l-in il|
; lii i li- ni il|
58
Physics
Physics
HkkSfrdh
(312)
Assignment - II
ewY;kadu i=k & II
(Lessons 13-23)
ikB 13 ls 23 rd
Max. Marks: 25
25
Note: (i) All questions are compulsory. Each question carries equal marks.
fVIi.kh% ii i i -i i l(i r| - -i r|
(ii) Write your name, enrolment number, AI name and subject etc. on the top of
the first page of the answer sheet.
-i l-ni i- i`- + i i i i-, >-i,
i i-, l(i il -- ii - lli|
1. Answer any two of the following questions.
lllin i - lri nks i -i il|
(a) A plane, mechanical wave is represented by the following equation:
y = 30 sin (30 t + 0.03 x)
Where y is measured in cm, x in metres and time (t) is measured in seconds. Find
(i) amplitude of particle-velocity
(ii) wave-velocity
-n, ili n^ lllin -ii ,ii lln i ini r
y = 30 sin (30 t + 0.03 x)
ri y i -i-i-i -, x i -i-i - nii - (t) i i - -ii ^i r|
lln il
(i) i(^ i ii-
(ii) n^(^
(b) An astornaut carries a spring watch and a pendulum clock with him from the earth
to the moon. Both the devices were set to give correct time on earth. Will they
give accurate time on moon also? Explain.
nl-i iii ii l-^ iiiln ii i i ii (i
-i ini r| (i ii ili i ri - ni l -ln li
^i ii| i ili -i ri - ni^i` -ni lli|
(c) An air cored capacitor of capacitance 100 F is connected across a 10 V battery.
The dielectric between its plates is changed from air to a material of dielectric
constant 5. Find the new value of (i) Capacitance of the capacitor (ii) potential
difference between its plates (iii) Charge on the plates (iv) electric potential energy
stored in the capacitor.
59
Physics
(i >i n iili i li iini 100 F r 10 V -i li
ii ^i r| ;i -i i - (i -ii 5 (nni i ii i li
i ni (i) iili i iilni (ii) ;i -i i l(i(in (iii) -i i(i
(iv) iili - ^lrn (nn l-iln +i -ii i l il|
2. Answer any two of the following questions
lllin i - lri r i -i lli|
(a) In the adjoining circuit how much current will flow, whne
(i) Only K
1
is closed
(ii) K
1
and K
2
are closed but K
3
open
(iii) When K
1
, K
2
and K
3
all the
three are closed
(You may consider all
components to be ideal)
(iv) In case (iii) above how many
electrons flow through the resister
in 1 s.
ii - l ^ li - lni
iii (ilrn ri^i
(i) ( K
1
i li ini r|
(ii) K
1
( K
2
i li ini r
n K
3
i ii ii ini r|
(iii) K
1
, K
2
( K
3
ii i
ii ini r|
(i li ii ((i i
ii (( -i n r|)
(iv) + (lin l-iln (iii) -, 1
-, lnii ri ln
;-i (ilrn rin r|
(b) In the diagram shown along side S
1
and S
2
are two lead sheets each having a fine
hole at its centre. The lead sheets are placed
perpendicular to the plane of paper such that
the holes are in the same straight line. A
stream of -particles enters the hole in S
1
with a certain velocity v in x direction.
Between S
1
and S
2
the stream of -particles
is subjected to an electric field , by
applyng a potential difference of 100 V
across two metallic plates P and Q kept
seperated by a distance 5 cm as shown.
Simultaneously, a magnetic field of 0.1 T is also applied on the stream of -
particles. , and are mutually perpendicular to each other. Find
K
3
V = 10 V
R = 10
L = 0.1 H
C = 10 F
K
1
E
r
i 3
V = 10 V
R = 10
L = 0.1 H
C = 10 F
i 2
i 1
S
1
P
Q
S
2
-particles
+

60
Physics
(i) The magnitude of
(ii) The direction of
(iii) the magnitude of velociety
v
of -particles which entering the hole at S
1
come out through the hole at S
2
ii - l ^ ii - S
1
( S
2
i i i i r l- -n --
l r| i i i i^ n (n ; i ii r l ii l
ri ii - r| -i ii i (ir S
1
l -
v
(^ x--i
li (i ni r| S
1
( S
2
i -i li , - 5 cm i i
ii i iil-( -i P ( Q i ^
100 V l(i(in ,ii - (nn -ii
E
nii ii ri 0.1 T i i -ii
^ii ^i r|
v
,
E
( -
(n r| nin il
(i) i l-ii
(ii) i lii
(iii)

ii i (^ i S
1
l (i S
2
l ir in r|
-i i ii il|
(c) In the adjoining circuit operated on ac, the bulb is glowing to its full brightness
when K is closed. How will be brightnessof the bulb change when (i) K is opened
and then (ii) a soft iron bar is inserted in the
coil of inductor L and then (iii) A dielectric
slab is inserted between the plates of the
capacitor. Give reasons for your answer in
each case.
ii l ^ .i. li - i K i
- i i iln ilin
rini r| - i iln i ii( ^i
(i) K i ii n r, i l (ii) ln
L i i - - ir i i i
ini r, i l (iii) iili i -i
i i(nn l-i i i ini r|
- i l -i -i -
n il|
3. Refractive index of glass is 1.5. Find the value of critical angle of glass. A ray of light
is incident at 70
o
on a long glass slab, draw a ray diagram tracing the path of light
through the glass slab. What is the value of the angle between the incident ray and the
emergent ray? Give reason for each step you follow. Does the thickness of the slab
have any effect on this trace?
i i (ni 1.5 r| i (i l >iln ii i -i lln il|
i ^- i; ii li 70
o
ilnn r| i ^- ri
Bulb
L
C
K
E = E
0
sin wt
S
1
P
Q
S
2
-i()
i
+

-
L
C
i
E = E
0
sin wt
61
Physics
; li i i ilin il, iini li i l^n li i lni ii
ni r` ii i - i l ii i i li r - - l
ii lli| i i ^- i -i-i; i ii i iil(n ^i|
Or (rr)
(a) The image of a point object formed by a convex lens in white light is coloured and
spreads over a region as shown in the adjoining
diagram. What colour is obtained at (i) A (ii) B.
Explain.
(n ii - -i ,ii li l l i
lnl ^i rini r i -ii ni
r i l li - iii ^i r| ;- (i) A
(ii) B i i ^ rini r` ii il|
(b) The lens is made of glass of refractive index 1.5 and the radius of curvature of
each of its surface is 40 cm. Calculate (i) focal length (ii) power of the lens.
l i i r i (ni 1.5 r nii ; - - i (>ni
lii 40 cm r| i (i) i i (ii) -i-ni i l il|
(c) If the lens is immersed in water (refractive index = 4/3), what will be its new
power?
l i ii - i li i ni ;i -i-ni i ri i^i`
4. Show the set up of an astronomical telescope using lenses of focal length 10 cm, aperture
2.5 cm and focal length 100 cm, aperture 10 cm. Draw a labelled ray diagram showing
image information. Calculate (i) magnifying power (ii) resolvign power of the telescope.
Waht can be done to increase the magnifying powers and resolving power of the
telescope.
i i 10 cm ( ,i 2.5 cm nii i i 100 cm ( ,i 10 cm i i
i^ii i i (-ii ii ii;| ; lnl l-ii liin r
i-iln li ii i;|
i i (i) i(i -i-ni (ii) l(i -i-ni i l il| i i i(i
-i-ni i l(i -i-ni ii ri ni i li i ni r|
Or (rr)
Distinguish between interference and diffraction.
lni ( l((n - i il|
How will you experimentally show that light waves are transverse in nature? Explain
with the help of suitable diagrams.
i i^ ,ii r ii^ l ii n^ -i ln i rini r| n iii
i rini -ni;|
5. Project Work
Take two uniform bar magnets equal in length and breadth. Make a cotton thread
torsionless by rubbing wax on it. Make a stirrup to place magnets by folding the wire of
an aluminium hanger as shown. Suspend the stirrup with the help of thread from a rigid
support.
O
A
B
62
Physics
Place the two magnets over the stirrup with their N-poles on
the same side and let the arrangement stay in equilibrium -
check that the magnets stay in N-S direction horizontally.
(You may need to stick the two magnets together with the
help of cello-tape). Now bring one pole of another magnet
near the like pole of the suspended magnets and take it away.
The magnets on stirrup will oscillate with a time period (T
1
say). Measure T
1
using a
watch. [Given T
1
=
2
, where T
1
, is the time period of oscillations of the
combination of two magnet of moment of inertia I
1
and I
2
and magnetic moments M
1
and M
2
in a uniform magnetic field B.
Repeat the experiment placing the N-pole of one magnet in contact with south pole of
the other magnet on the stirrup and find time period (T
2
), for the oscillations of the
arrangement. [Given
B M M
I I
) ~ (
2
2 1
2 1
+

]. Using the given relations for T

1
and T
2
derive
the formula for M
1
/M
2
of the magnets in terms of T
1
and T
2
.
Using your values of T
1
and T
2
. Calculate the value of M
1
/M
2
for you pair of magnets.
|rr +r
-i i; i ii; i il| ni ii^ -i- ^ ; -
lrn i;| li -il- r^ i ni li - lii i -i i
l i i;| ; i i ii^ i rini iii -i;|
i i i i ; i li l -iii( ri i ri| (r ri ni
r l i i ; l-iln - i l ii r i - i rini lii
|) i i n (-ii - i illln il l n (-ii -
-i l-ii li - -iln r| li i i; i( - r i
-i i( i i; i l ; r-i il| i i r
lln i(n i (-ii T
1
) i ^| li ii i i^ T
1
, i -i
nin il|
[li r T
1
=
B M M
I I
) (
2
2 1
2 1
+
+

, ri T
1
, i i i i -i
i -ii - i(ni r l -( iii >-i I
1
i I
2
nii i iii M
1
( M
2
r ]
i ; i i ; i i i^ iri; l i l-iii(
-i i( + r| ; (-ii - ii i i(ni (T
2
) nin
il|
li r
B M M
I I
) ~ (
2
2 1
2 1
+

+ l ^ T
1
( T
2
ii i i^ i M
1
/M
2
i T
1
( T
2
ii
i - il| ,ii nin l ^ T
1
( T
2
-ii i i^
i l M
1
/M
2
i -i lln il|
63
Physics
Physics
-rr|n+|
(312)
Assignment - III
=-r+ >r III
(Lessons 24-29 and Optional Modules)
(ra 24 = 29 |-e+ =r=-=)
Max. Marks: 25
25
Note: (i) All questions are compulsory. Each question carries equal marks.
|c-r|: ii i i -i i l(i r| - -i r|
(ii) Question number 2 is from optional modules. You have to attempt either
from module A or from module B.
i l -i- r| ii -i A i(i B r|
(iii) Question 3 and 4 are also from optional modules. You have to attempt the
question of module A or B only.
ni nii i ii l -i- r| ii ( -i A i(i
-i B ri r|
(iv) Write your name, enrolment number, A.I. name and subject etc. on the top of
first page of the answer sheet.
-i l-ni i- i`- + i i i i-, >-i,
i i-, l(i il -- ii - lli|
Module VII
1. Answer any two of the following questions.
lllin i - lri r i -i lli|
(a) Draw a diagram to show the path traversed by -particles scattered by the gold
foil in Geiger and Marsden experiment. Which observations led Rutherford to
conclude that (i) most of the space in an atom is empty, (ii) the atom has an
extremely small positively charged core.
^i^-i i^ - i i ii ,ii ii -i () ii ,ii i ^
ii i ii l ii i;| ; i^ l -iii i r
li lii l (i) -ii - liii -ii ln r (ii) -ii - rn ri
i-i ii(lin >i rini r|
(b) What is meant by the half life of a radioactive element? 20 g of a radioactive
substance reduces to 2.5 g in 2079 day. What is the half-life and decay constant of
the substance? Why do we talk of half life and not of the total life of a radioactive
material?
li lil> (lii-i) n-( i i i i ni- r` li lii-i
ii i 20 g ii^ 2079 li in 2.5 g r ini r| ; ii i i i
nii -ii (-i lni) i -i lni ri^i` lin li lii-i ii i
ii i ri l> i li ini r, i i i i ri`
64
Physics
(c) How is it that energy is realeased when a heavier element (or nucleus) breaks up
into lighter parts (Fission) as well as when two lighter elements (or nuclei) combine
to form a heavier element (nucleus) (Fusion) Explain with the help of an example
in each case. Which process produce more energy per nucleon? Show by necessary
calculations.
i i rini r l li iii n-( (ili) i r- ii^i (ilii) - l(iiln
ri (l(i) ii +i i - rini r i i r- n-(i (ilii) l-
iii n-( (ili) i () ii| ii iii - iri i
rini -- il| l l>i (li-i) - lnli li +i i
- rini r` i( l ,ii ii;|
Module VIII
2. What is meant by the (i) Input characteristics (ii) output characteristics of an n-p-n
transister in common Emitter (CE) configuration. Draw a circuit diagram for drawing
these curves and state how these curves are obtained. Draw diagrams to show the
aproximate shapes of these curves.
li n-p-n -il-- il- - l(i - (i) l(ii nii (ii) l^- li-iii
i ni- r` ; li-i-iii i in l i( li i; i (i
il l ;r in li ini r| ; (>i i ^i^ ii lii l ii
i;|
OR
Following cirucuits represent switch implementaion of some logic gates. Name the
gates. Draw circuit diagrams to show the diode implementaiotn of these gates and
make trugh tables for each
(i) (ii)
(iii)
liln li ^-i l-( -i i iin r| ; ^-i i- lli| ; ^-i
i iii ,ii i i ii l li ii i; nii ; l --i
iii i;|
Battery
Battery
Battery
Bulb
Bulb
Bulb
Switch
Switchs
Switch
S
1
S
2
65
Physics
(i) (ii)
(iii)
Option I (Module IX A)
Electronics & Communication
(;cr|+| =r)
Answer any two parts.
lri r ii^i -i il|
3. (a) What is the basic diffeence between a burglar alarm and a fire alarm? Can a fire
alarm be replaced by a burglar alarm and vice versa? State reason for your answer.
^ i- nii l i- - i - n r` i l i- i -ii ^
i- ni r` i ; l(in ii ri ni r` -i l ii
lli|
(b) What is the frequency range of (i) Long waves (ii) medium wages and (iii) short
waves? Calculate the wave length range of short waves.
(i) ii n^i (ii) - n^i nii (iii) i n^i i( ln l lli| i n^i
n^ l i l il|
(c) A person brought a T.V. set from U.S.A., but it was not able to receive T.V. signals
in India, though the set was otherwise alright. What could be the reason for the
same? What should the person do to get the set work?
ln ,ii -li ii ^i -i.(i. - iin - -i.(i iii i ^ri
- -i r| ; -i.(i. i - - i; ii ri r ni iin ii
^ri i i ii ri ni r` ln i i i ilr nil r
-i.(i. - i `
-i
-i
-i
-
-
-
l-(
l-(
l-(
S
1
S
2
66
Physics
Option II (Module IX B)
(Photography and Audio-Videography)
(rcrnr| r|=r||=rnr|)
3. Attempt any two parts:
lri r ii^i -n il
(a) Video recording process is said to be comparable to the audio recording process.
Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer. Can audio recording techniques be
used for video recording? State reasons for your answer.
(ili lil^ i, ili lil^ ((l lil^) -i -ii ini r| i
i ; r-n r` ii lrn -i il| i ili lil^ nii i
i^ (ili lil^ - li i ni r` ii lrn -i il|
(b) Why are filters sometimes used in photography? A filter of a camera is marked
'4X'. If for a correct exposure the shutter speed is 1/100 second or a stop number f/
11, without the filter, what should be their value for the similar exposure when the
fitler is used with the camera? Why?
i-i^ii - iiii l--i i i^ i li ini r` - l--
- '4X' ln r| l l-- i i^ i- i i 1/10 i
--i i f/11 ri ni, -i ii l, l-- i i^ ; -i
i ri^`
(c) A person gets a correctly exposed photograph for an exposure of 1/30 second,
using the film of speed 'x' in ASA unit and of speed 'y' in DIN unit. What should be
the speed in these units if the exposure time is to be reduced to 1/60 second.
ln ASA -ii - 'x' i i l-- nii DIN -ii - 'y' i i l--
i^ 1/30 ii - - -- li in ni r, l ii
- 1/60 li i ni ; -iii - l-- i i lni ri^i` i`
Option- I (Module IX-A)
Electronics & Communication
(;cr|+| =r)
4. Name the type of wave propatation suitable for frequency range 3 MHz-30MHz.
Describe it with the help of a labelled diagram. Why is this wave propatation not suitable
for frequencies above 30 MHz? Which other modes of propagation are used for
frequencies above 30 MHz? What are the corresponding frequency ranges for these
propagation?
3 MHz-30MHz. i( ln i n^i i l n n^ i i i- lli
i-iln ii i rini ;i (i il| r n^ i l(li 30 MHz
li i i( lni l n i ri r` 30 MHz li i i( lni l
ll n^ i l(iii i i^ li ini r` ; l(iii l ^n i( lni
i l i r`
Or (rr)
67
Physics
What are the essential elements of a communication system? Draw a diagram to show
the schematic arrangement of a typical communication system. Describe the three
important characteristics of a raido receiver.
li i iii (ni) l(i i- i r` li i i ni i (-ii--
l(i ii l ii (li) i;| li li li^iri ni -r-(i
li-iii i (i il|
Option - II (Module IX-B)
(Photography and Audio-Videography)
(rcrnr| r|=r||=rnr|)
Name the four different types of camera lenses. Describe the characteristics and use of
each.
i l(li i -i i i- lli| - i -i-iii nii
i^i i (i il|
Or (rr)
Describe the construction of a compact disc (CD) with the help of a diagram of its cross
section. List three types of recordable CDs generally used and describe their special
features and applications.
rn l- (i.i.) i i i (i i -i i- ii i rini
il| i-in n ni i i lii i i.i. i- lli i
l(ii ^ii nii i^i i (i il|
5. Project Work
Collect various electronic components, such as transistors (n-p-n and p-n-p), junction
diodes, zeener diodes, phioto diodes, LEDs, solar cells, capacitors and resistors (each at
least of two different specifications) from any electronic equipment shop, repair shop
or discarded equipment. Fix each on a hard paper-sheet/ card board with a tape and
write its name, specifications, and uses.
|rr +r
l(li i ;-il (((i) -il-- (n-p-n nii p-n-p), li i,
ii, i-iii, .;.i., i, iili nii lnii (- - - i
l(li -ii ), li ;-il -i --i, --n (i ln i i r
;-il lni il i il| - i - li -i- i^ i ii-,^-i
li; i ln i i-, i - ii i nii i i^ lli|