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NATIONAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE KOVILPATTI

Paper presentation on topic

DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING

Submitted by

M.SUGANYA,
suganya004@gmail.com

S.SRINANDHINI, ssrinandhini@rocketmail.com

ABSTRACT:
This paper deals with the most interesting novel methods based on image quilting for texture synthesis and transfer , image analogies and image based lighting . This is one of the applications of digital image processing . This paper shows how the digital processing is used for creative works and viewing the real things in different ways. The main idea is to synthesise new texture by taking patches of the existing texture and stitching them together in a consistent way. A Markov random field model is assumed and the conditional distribution of the pixel given all its neighbours synthesised so far is estimated by querying the sample image and finding all similar neighbourhood. This method is well suited for constrained synthesis problems like hole filling which will help to improve or change the quality of the image.

generating novel visual appearance

in

which a new image is synthesized by stitching together the small patches of existing images An "image analogy" is a method of creating an image filter automatically from training data. In an image analogy process, the transformation between two images A and A' is "learned". Later, given a different image B, it's "analogy" image B' can be generated based on the learned transformation.

WORKING OF PROCESSING:
Digital collection manipulation Image of of

IMAGE

Processing for digital

is

a the by

techniques

images

computers. The raw data received from the imaging sensors on the satellite platforms contains flaws and deficiencies. To overcome these flaws and deficiencies inorder to get the originality of the data, it needs to undergo several steps of

INTRODUCTION:
The digital image processing system is used to analyse, enhance,

processing. This will vary from image to image depending on the type of image format, initial condition of the image and the information of interest and the composition of the image scene. Digital Image Processing undergoes three general steps:

interpret or display digital images. The image quilting and texture transfer , image analogy are some of the applications of image processing. Image quilting is the process in which a simple image based on the method of

Pre-processing Display and enhancement Information extraction

QUILTING:
Let us consider the unit of

synthesis B1 to be a square blocks of user specified size from the set SB of all such overlapping block in the input texture image. STEP 1 : Let us simply til.e new texture image with block taken randomly from SB. STEP 2 : Let us introduce some overlap in the placemant of blocks on to the new image.Now we will search SB which agrees with its neighbours along the region of overlap. STEP 3: We will let the blocks have ragged edges which will allow them to better approximate the features in the texture.

MARKOV PROPERTY:
It gives the idea to choose the pixels for synthesis. That is , it should be the most neighbour for synthesis.This property is widely used in image quilting.

MINIMUM ERROR BOUNDARY CUT SYNTHESIS RESULTS:

MINIMUMERROR BOUNDARY CUT:


1. We want to make the cut between two overlapping blocks on the pixels where the two textures match best.( that is, where the overlap error is low ). This can be done with dynamic programming. 2. It can be calculated in the following manner . If B1ov and B2 ovare the two blocks that overlap along the vertical edge with the region of overlap B1,B2 respectively.Then the error surface is defined as E = (B1ov B2ov )^2 2. It is also effective for semi structured texture, which is the hardest for texture synthesis. 1.This method is quite fast and produces the best results without compromising the imagequality.

Input texture Portilla & Simoncelli et .al Wei & Levoy Image Quilting

Xu

the hole or missed image

by stitching

together the most neighbour pixels from the patches. One such example is shown above. and Hole filling can also be used for photographs, removing other applications such as restoring old damaged objects from images, and special effects.

FAILURE CASE:
3D images cannot be synthesized by the image quilting to get better quality. An example is shown below.

Example:

HOLE FILLING ( INPAINTING)

In the above figure, the letter S is the unwanted one. It is removed and the original figure is restored by hole filling that is by image quilting followed by Marko property Another one novel method that is texture transfer using digital image processing is explained below.

TEXTURE TRANSFER:
The ability to cut and paste Hole filling is the process in which the already missed image patch or the removed large objects from the image can be filled by the sample patches available Image quilting is one of the tools available for hole filling or inpainting.That is filling material properties on arbitary objects.That is to transfer texture from object to another object. For texture transfer, image being synthesized must respect two independent constraints:

(a) the

output

are

legitimate,

synthesized examples of the source texture, and (b) that the correspondence imagemapping is respected. We modify the error term of the image quilting algorithm to be the weighted sum = a(the block overlap matching error ) + (1-a) ( error between the correspondence map pixels within the source texture block and those at the

CONCLUSION:
There is no area in the technical endeavor without the impact of digital image processing. We have pointed out some of the applications of digital image processing. These techniques like image quilting,hole filling , texture transfer have very good impact in almost all creative fields.Not only that but also have commercial values.Technically speaking ,it will improve the quality of the images especially from satellites which will help the researchers to goahead.Since creativity and technical knowledge play a vital role in these techniques, there is no doubt that we can explore the things beyond our imagination.

current target image position. ) ^2 The parameter a determines the tradeoff between the texture synthesis and the fidelity to the target image correspondence map. TARGET+SOURCE=TEXTURE TRANSFER IMAGE

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