POWER PLANTS IN PAKISTAN

Electricity generation is the process of generating electric power from sources of energy. The fundamental principles of electricity generation were discovered during the 1820s and early 1830s by the British scientist Michael Faraday. His basic method is still used today: electricity is generated by the movement of a loop of wire, or disc of copper between the poles of a magnet. For electric utilities, it is the first process in the delivery of electricity to consumers. The other processes, electricity transmission, distribution, and electrical power storage and recovery using pumped-storage methods are normally carried out by the electric power industry. Electricity in Pakistan is generated, transmitted, distributed and retail supplied by two vertically integrated public sector utilities: Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA) for all of Pakistan (except Karachi), and the Karachi Electric Supply Corporation (KESC) for the city of Karachi and its surrounding areas. There are around 20 independent power producers that contribute significantly in electricity generation in Pakistan. Pakistan had a total installed power generation capacity of 21,000 MWh in 2011. However, dependable or de-rated capacity is in the range of 14,000 to 16,000 MW during the year, due to variety of factors, whereas demand for electricity is increasing at an average annual rate of eight per cent. And according to World Energy Statistics 2011, published by IEA, Pakistans per capita electricity consumption is one -sixth of the World Average. World average per capita electricity Consumption is 2730 kWh compared to Pakistans per capita electricity consumption of 451kWh. Forty per cent of Pakistanis still have no access to electricity.

Installed Capacity
Electricity total installed capacity: 21,000 MW (20011) Types of Power plants operating in Pakistan - Electricity Sources (2007) 1. fossil fuel [diesel, coal, etc.] 12,580 MW 65% of total 2. 3. hydro 6,463 MW 33% of total nuclear 462 MW 2% of total

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There are four major power producers in country: WAPDA (Water & Power Development Authority), KESC (Karachi Electric Supply Company), IPPs (Independent Power Producers) and PAEC (Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission).

The break-up of the installed capacity of each of these power producers (as of Jan-2012) is as follows: 1.

WAPDA Hydel
Tarbela 3478 MW Mangla 1000 MW Ghazi Barotha 1450 MW Warsak 243 MW Chashma 184 MW Dargai 20 MW Rasul 22 MW Shadi-Waal 18 MW Nandi pur 14 MW Kurram Garhi 4 MW Renala 1 MW Chitral 1 MW Jagran (AK) 30 MW Khankhwar 72 MW AllaiKhwar 121 MW Total Hydel 6,654 MW

WAPDA Thermal
Gas Turbine Power Station, Shahdra 59 MW Steam Power Station, Faisalabad 132 MW Gas Turbine Power Station, Faisalabad 244 MW Gas Power Station, Multan 195 MW Thermal Power Station, Muzaffargarh 1350 MW Thermal Power Station, Guddu 1655 MW Gas Turbine Power Station, Kotri 174 MW Thermal Power Station, Jamshoro 850 MW Thermal Power Station, Larkana 150 MW Thermal Power Station, Quetta 35 MW Gas Turbine Power Station, Panjgur 39 MW Thermal Power Station, Pasni 17 MW Total Thermal 4811 MW

WAPDAs total hydel and thermal capacity is 11,272 MW. Hydel electricity generated by WAPDA varies between two extremities, i.e., between minimum of 2,414 MW and maximum of 6,761 MW depending upon the river flow.

2. Karachi Electric Supply Company

Thermal Power Station, Korangi 316 MW Gas Turbine Power Station, Korangi 80 MW Gas Turbine Power Station, SITE 100 MW Thermal Power Station, Bin Qasim 1260 MW

KESC total generation capacity is 1756 MW.

3. Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission

KANUPP 137 MW CHASNUPP-1 325 MW CHASNUPP-2 300 MW KHUSHAB 50 MW

Total electricity generated from PAEC is 812 MW.

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4. Independent Power Producers (IPPs)

Hub Power Project 1292 MW AES Lalpir Ltd, Mahmood Kot Muzaffargar 362 MW AES Pak Gen, Mahmood Kot Muzaffargar 365 MW Altern Energy Ltd, Attock 29 MW Fauji Kabirwala Power Company, Khanewal 157 MW Gul Ahmad Energy Ltd, Korangi 136 MW Habibullah Coastal Power Limited 140 MW Japan Power Generation, Lahore 120 MW Kohenoor Energy Limited, Lahore 131 MW Liberty Power Limited, Ghotki 232 MW Rousch Power, Khanewal 412 MW Saba Power Company, Sheikhupura 114 MW Southern Electric Power Company Limited, Raiwind 110 MW Tapal Energy Limited, Karachi 126 MW Uch Power Limited, Dera Murad Jamali, Nasirabad 586 MW Attock Gen Limited, Morgah Rawalpindi 165 MW Atlas Power, Sheikhupura 225 MW Engro Energy Limited, Karachi MW Kot Addu Power Company Limited (Privatized) 1638 MW Saif Power Plant Qadirabad, Sahiwal 225 MW Sitara Energy 80 MW Nishat Chunian Power 200 MW Nishat Power Limited 200 MW

Total generation capacity of IPPs is 7070 MW.

Electricity Production
Electricity production: 88.42 TWh (2005) Electricity production by source (2003) fossil fuel: 63.7% of total hydro: 33.9% of total nuclear: 2.4% of total

Electricity Consumption
Electricity consumption: 74.62 TWh (2004) Electricity exports: 0% Electricity imports: 0% Electricity Consumption per Capita = 430.183 kWh/capita (2006)
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Renewables
According to a USAID report, Pakistan has the potential of producing 150,000 megawatts of wind energy, of which only the Sindh corridor can produce 40,000 megawatts.
Station Location Capacity (MW) Status

Jhimpir Wind Power Plant

Sindh

Operational; Pakistan's first wind power station

FFC Wind Farm

Sindh

50

Operational

Thatta Power Plant

Sindh

150

Proposed solar power station

Solar Energy Pakistan Ltd

Thatta, Sindh

35

LOI issued

First Solar

Punjab

LOI issued

AM Pak Energy

Punjab

50

LOI issued

DACC LLC Solar

Sindh

50

LOI issued

Wah Industries Limited Solar

Taxila, Punjab

LOI issued

Tech Access Solar

Punjab

10

LOI issued

CWE Solar

Cholistan

50

LOI issued

Roshan Power Solar

Kasur

10

LOI issued

Bakhsh Energy Solar

Lodhran

20

LOI issued

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