Philosophy That Shape Malaysian Education

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Philosophy That Shape Malaysian Education

NO. i.

CONTENT PERSONAL DETAILS

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ii. iii. iv. 1.0

CONTENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT QUESTION NATIONAL PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION (NPE)

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2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0

CURRICULUM TEACHERS ROLE SCHOOL ACTIVITIES CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES CONCLUSION APPENDIX BIBLIOGRAPHY INTERVIEW QUESTIONS REFERENCES

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CONTENT

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Philosophy That Shape Malaysian Education ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I take this opportunity to express my profound gratitude and deep regards to my guide Mr. G.Danapalan for his exemplary guidance, monitoring and constant encouragement throughout the course of this report. The blessing, help and guidance given by him time to time shall carry me a long way in the journey of life on which I am about to embark. I am obliged to Sekolah Kebangsaan Felda Ulu Tebrau especially their Senior Assistant Mr. Mohd Saron Bin Salamon and school staff for the valuable information provided by them in their respective fields. I am grateful for their cooperation during the period of my assignment. Lastly, I thank almighty, my parents, brother, sisters and friends for their constant encouragement without which this assignment would not be possible

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Philosophy That Shape Malaysian Education QUESTION The national curriculum of the school reflects the objectives of national Philosophy of education (NPE). By implementing the curriculum effectively in schools, it can develop the students cognitive, affective and psychomotor (physical) with other potentials (JERIS) in students. By this the institutions can produce insan model as for the future generations. I. Interview and deduct the idealistic of a headmasters and a senior assistants

routine regarding 5 activities carried out in their school to visualize/ insist the objective of NPE. II. Explain teachers teaching activities that being focused/ carried out in class rooms

to actualize the National curriculum in the progress of molding the students behavior and believes.

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Philosophy That Shape Malaysian Education 1.0: NATIONAL PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION (NPE) National Philosophy of Education (NPE) acts as guidance, course of direction or rational opinion on matter that related to education. As we know, Malaysia is a developing country, so that it is important for us to have our own philosophy of education. The concept of NPE was formulated and proclaimed in 1988 based on Rational and critical thinking, Education reports and Ordinance, Culture of Malaysian society and National Principle (Rukun Negara). The report focuses on principles, values and human development. The aims of NPE clearly stated, which are Education in Malaysia is an on-going effort towards further developing the potential of individuals in a holistic and integrated manner, so as to produce individuals who are intellectually, spiritually, emotionally and physically balanced and harmonic, based on a firm belief in and devotion to God. Such an effort is designed to produce Malaysian citizens who are knowledgeable and competent, who possess high moral standards and who are responsible and capable of achieving a high level of personal well-being as well as being able to contribute to the harmony and betterment of the family, the society, and the nation at large .(Chong Lean Keow, 2008) NPE is the combination of goals, policies and educational practices to develop human and produce individuals who are intellectually, spiritually, emotionally and physically balanced and harmonic. More deepen, NPE are based on two aspects which are the branches of philosophy and the characteristics. There are four branches of philosophy in NPE which are Metaphysics, Epistemology, Axiology and Logic. The characteristic of Metaphysics is holistic and integrated which mean universal knowledge that must be taught by teacher to student. Meanwhile, Epistemology is on-going effort or in other word it is emphasis on life-long learning. Besides that, Axiology contains two characteristics which are firm believed and God devotion and high moral standards and responsibility. Lastly, Logic is competent which mean fostering self-competence. Thus, if all citizens carried out their tasks the NPEs objectives will become reality.

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Philosophy That Shape Malaysian Education 2.0: CURRICULUM The definition of curriculum based on New International Dictionaries is course content which is offered by an educational institution. There are a lot of changes happened to improve and develop education system. Started with Primary School Old Curriculum (KLSR) then moved to Primary School Integrated Curriculum (KBSR) and now Primary School Standard Curriculum (KSSR). The implementation of KBSR started in 1982, which is upholding the NPEs objectives. to ensure the holistic development of pupils. This development encompasses aspects including intellectual, spiritual, physical, emotional, talents, character, social aesthetic values (Primary School Integrated Curriculum, 1991:5) In order to achieved the aim and objectives of educational curriculum, KBSR had grounded into four principles which are integrated approach, holistic development of individual, one education for all and life-long learning. Integrated approach is an approach of knowledge, skills and values are combined then integrate to physical, emotional, spiritual and intellectual. Next, holistic development is implementation of physical, emotional, spiritual and intellectual in individuals through all subjects taught in school. Furthermore, life-long learning is continuously learning process and not restricted by time. Lastly is one education for all which means all pupils at the same school level received the same curriculum only the medium of instruction difference. There was a slight change which is from KBSR to KSSR. The goal of KSSR is to ensure that children nurtured the spirit of the Malaysian nation with knowledge, skills and competencies and positive values. KSSR compiles some new contents such as basic literacy, phonics, language arts, and penmanship. KBSR only focuses on three basic skills which are reading, writing and arithmetic but KSSR focuses four with additional of reasoning means critical thinking. Besides that, KSSR uphold eight principles consist of forms, pedagogy, content, time allocation, material, organization, curriculum organization, and assessment.

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Philosophy That Shape Malaysian Education 3.0: TEACHERS ROLE As a teacher who is responsible to fulfill the vision and aspiration of our country, they must have an effective knowledge, skills and values. As we know, teachers are regarded as role model. Most of students in primary school are really adore with their teacher. For them, teacher is the perfect person. Thus, teacher needs to have good behavior because it will influence students behavior too. Besides that, teachers role is as agent of change in education world because teacher is a person who is responsible for individual and society development. Other than that, teacher is a person that will teach or update about new knowledge or latest information. During teaching and learning process occur teacher will deliver all the knowledge and information that are useful to their students. In addition teacher also known as facilitator which means can be mentor, tutor and motivator. Teacher will lead all their students whether in small group or in the integrated practical class. Hence, without teacher, we are nothing same like candle without flames. 4.0: SCHOOL ACTIVITIES There are five activities that carried out by Sekolah Kebangsaan Felda Ulu Tebrau (SKFUT) to visualize the objectives of NPE. It is divided into two categories which are co-curriculum activities and curriculum. For curriculum SK Felda Ulu Tebrau conducted activities like Additional classes and Motivation programmed while cocurriculum are Co- Academic Programme, Camping for units uniformed and Games and Sports activities. Each programme must have their own objectives, reasons, benefits and product based on NPEs objectives.

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Philosophy That Shape Malaysian Education 4.1: EXTRA CLASSES FOR EXCELLENT STUDENTS

Figure 1: All students are focuses during extra class Common activities that always carried out in SK Felda Ulu Tebrau are Extra Classes for standard six students who are expected to get an excellent UPSRs results. There are around 30 students that selected based on their achievement in standard five. The aim for this programme is to prepare and guide students get an excellent result in UPSR examination. School performance can be maintained and enhanced by doing this programme. In addition, students who selected in this programme will be more focus and discipline. They also can teach other students who do not have opportunity to join this programme. Teacher will provide the specific teaching materials and there are examinations which later their results will be analyze to see their improvements during this programme. There are few learning activities that be used in this programme which are group discussion, pair discussion and test. Additional classes occur every Monday until Wednesday after the school session ended. Students will learn different subject each day based on timetable provided by their teacher. Their attendances are compulsory and teacher will monitor student progress from day to day. Thus, this programme are really achieve NPEs objectives which can develop students cognitive and affective with possess student high moral values and spiritual.

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Philosophy That Shape Malaysian Education 4.2: MOTIVATIONAL PROGRAMME

Figure 2: Motivational speech from Mr. Saron Motivational Programme for standard six students is conducted to prepare and stimulate students to be confident and enthusiastic for their UPSR examinations with great success. School will invite motivator to give advice, motivation and implant skills in all students. An excellent teacher for each subject will be invited too to give tips or method for students to improve students confident level. Motivation programme was conducted on weekends or days depend on the school. There are two types of motivation programme which are camping motivation programme and workshop for UPSR subject. For SK Felda Ulu Tebrau, the school had organized a motivation camp for three days and two nights on 8th February until 10th February 2013 run by Counseling Club SK Felda Ulu Tebrau and trained by Nur Insani Consultancy (Motivational Expert & Team Buliding) Motivational programme give many advantages for students because there are many slot which is each activity can develop and enrich students cognitive, affective, psychomotor, social and moral domain. In addition, students will be more confident and their self esteem levels will improve. After joining, this programme, students will feel fresh and enthusiastic to achieve flying colours in their examination.

4.3: UNIFORMED UNITS CAMPING

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Philosophy That Shape Malaysian Education

Figure 3: Opening ceremony for camping Next activity is under co-curriculum which is Camping for uniformed units. Cocurriculum is compulsory for each student in upper primary schools. Basically, for primary school they only have three or four uniformed units such as Persatuan Bulan Sabit Merah (PBSM), Puteri Islam, Kadet Remaja Sekolah (KRS) and Pengakap Darat. Co-curriculum teachers are responsible to conduct activity for each uniformed units and it will be evaluate based on students levels and achievements. Camp will be conducted based on the concept of "learning through activity". The objective for camping activity is to nurture students leadership, co-operation, develop social, emotional and spiritual. According to SK Felda Ulu Tebrau, Cocurriculum Club had planned camping for uniformed unit for 3 days and 2 nights at a school field. Each uniformed unit will send 20 participants that will be held on 22 nd March until 24th march 2013. Based on the concept, various activities have been planned to achieve the objectives of this camp. Students skills, attitudes and physical will be tested during camp activities take place. By joining this camp, students will get certificate, badge, new knowledge, experiences and improve skills that have been approved by uniformed units. At the end of this camp students psychomotor, affective and cognitive will improve while their self discipline, spiritual, moral become strengthen. 4.4: GAMES AND SPORT ACTIVITIES

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Figure 4: Sport day Games and Sport activities is another programme that school will organize each year. Many games club are formed such as chess, badminton, netball and ping pong club. Other than that, for annual sports usually schools will organize sport day so that all students who are selected will participate to show their skills abilities. The aim of this activity is to strike a balance between the intellectual development of the physical, social, emotional and physical development and strengthening of student interaction and integration among pupils. Meanwhile, the objectives of this activity are to expose the students with athletic events and provide valuable experience. Besides that, it is also another way for teacher to prepare and select students for represent school at district or state levels. Based on the interviewed, SK Felda Ulu tebrau have planned this programme will be held on 4th May 2013 at school field. Parents are invited to attend this event and support their children. Through this activity, it is contributed to the intellectual, physical, emotional, spiritual and social development based on the ability of individual students. In addition, it is a massive opportunity for students to boast their skill and improve their achievements in their life.

4.5: CO - ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES

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Figure 5: during Talentime activities under Music Committee The fifth activity that carried out in school is Co-Academic Programme. CoAcademic is programme that polishes students talents such as choir, dance, choral speaking, brass band, reciting Al-Quran, spelling bee and singing. The objectives of this programme are to develop students cognitive with spiritual, emotional and increase confident level. It also provides the opportunity for students to hone their talents and enhance their potential through areas of interest and apply a value of moral behavior among the students to prevent demoralization. Each committee subject is compulsory to organize at least one event that related with objectives of Co-Academic activities. Through this activity students can reduce their stress from study and exam. On 10th February until 15th February 2013 ago SK Felda Ulu Tebrau had organized Language week and they had provided a lot of activities such as spelling bee, sing English song, debate and choral speaking among class. Through these activities they will meet new friends, valuable experiences, increase general knowledge and enhances communication skills. Hence, this programme actually will produce talented and education students in a future. All activities are based on NPEs objectives to produce a future generation with knowledge, skill and good behavior.

5.0: CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES

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Philosophy That Shape Malaysian Education In Malaysian education institutions, students are classified according to their achievements and age. The most important thing in school is, how teacher conduct their students in classroom by providing the effective teaching activities based on NPEs objectives. As we know, each student has different learning style. Thus, teacher needs to be creative and dynamic while learning process occurs. Teacher must be alert with each student learning style so that all of them will get the same knowledge. According to Mr. Mohd Saron, Senior Assistants of SK Felda Ulu Tebrau, to actualize the National curriculum in the progress of molding students behavior and believes in classroom the teaching activities that teacher can do are students presentation, mentor-mentee activity, classroom trip, classroom decoration and classroom games.

5.1: STUDENTS PRESENTATION

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Philosophy That Shape Malaysian Education

Figure 6: presentation for Agama Islam subject Students presentation is one of classroom activity that can improve intellectual and skill. At the same time students can achieve NPEs objectives which are develop affective and productive domain. Through presentations teacher can teach and guide students how to prepare material for teaching, how to speak in front of the class and students can build confident level. For certain topic teacher will ask students to do the presentation, so that students can understand the topic clearly. Other than that, it is another way to attract students attention to be more focus in the class. Thus, teachers need to have a lot of teaching strategies or teaching style to avoid students boring and give a bad affect of students future. Usually when the teacher teach, students will give less attention but when their classmates teach they will focus. This respond is to help their classmate feel confident while talks in front of the class. When students feel confident, their self esteem increase they feel happy. Furthermore, through presentation both presenter and listener get new knowledge.

5.2: MENTOR-MENTEE

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Figure 7: Discussion session with group mates Mentor- mentee is activity in a group. It will be selected based on students achievement in the classroom. The objective of this activity is to help students who are weak in certain subject learn and improve their marks. In each group, there is one leader who will teach each student and every week the leader will change. Actually this activity wants to teach students for study and discuss with their friends. Students feel more comfortable to change idea with their friends compare to other people like teacher or parents. This activity gives opportunity for each student to helping each other in class. Teacher will provide all the materials that the students needs like notes and reference books. In addition, this activity can improve students cognitive, moral and spiritual because they are co-operate together while doing this activity. Their discipline and self esteem to get an excellent result will boast. Other than that, their relationship among peers will become close and it will distract them from argue each other. Thus, from mentor-mentee activity there are many valuable experiences and benefits can students get indirectly achieve NPEs objectives to molding students with good behavior and skills.

5.3: CLASSROOM TRIP

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Figure 8: 6 Arif trip to Petrosains Classroom trip is another activity that teacher can carried out with their students. Classroom trip is in small group and it is easier to handle and conduct. The aim of classroom trip is to doing research, learn and find the valuable experience. Usually, classroom trip is under science and language subject. Last year, SK Felda Ulu Tebrau, had doing classroom trip for 6 Arif which is all of them were going to Petrosains at Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre (KLCC) for 3 days 2 nights. Their classroom teacher want all of them get more information and want to expose them with science knowledge. Petrosains is an interactive science museum for children and schools student which is focuses on the oil and gas industry. Classroom trip gives a lot of advantages for students because they got lot of experiences and general knowledge. Through this activity, teacher had exposed them to the real life situation for their future. This activity not a vacation trip but this is a trip for teacher to implement and develop students cognitive, affective and psychomotor with balancing their spiritual and emotional.

5.4: CLASSROOM DECORATION

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Figure 9: classroom decoration based on students creativity Next activity is something that related with both students and teacher creativity and co-operation among them. Classroom decoration is very important because when class neat, organized and clean student will more enthusiastic to come to school and learn. Actually class decoration is effect students mood, emotional and psychology while they learn. According to SK Felda Ulu Tebrau, classroom decoration is activity that can teach student appreciate their environment, improve students creativity and assess the level of responsibility. Every week student will organize and decorate the class based on duty roaster that had provided in each class. Classroom decoration can make students more discipline and love to their class and school. They also can apply all these skill in their daily life. That means, teacher are succeeded to implement students with psychomotor and aesthetics domain with emotional and spiritual development. Their relationship among friends will become closer.

5.5: CLASSROOM GAMES

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Figure 10: play indoor games to release stress Classroom games is activity that occur in class but it is used our physical movement and cognitive thinking. Classroom games consist of three categories which are in group, pairs and individual. The aim of classroom games is to make students enjoys and fun with their friends and release stress. Meanwhile, the objectives of this activity are to make student more active and alert, strengthens friendships, build self esteem and confident level, make them more creative and dynamic and create a spirit of teamwork among students. Classroom games are not a heavy games, it is just games that can make all students have fun and enjoy themselves. Teacher need to be creative by providing various types of games such as the game of truth, Simon says, Whispering games and Ball games. Actually there are a lot of games that students can play in the class. Classroom games give many benefits for students because it can improve students cognitive and psychomotor. The most important things while playing the games are all students give full cooperation. Other than that, NPE objectives want students balance between cognitive and physical so classroom games are the best activities in class to implement all the aspects.

6.0: CONCLUSION

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Philosophy That Shape Malaysian Education In conclusion, each activity that conducted in class is all grounded on NPE objectives. All the activities aim to nurture and implant cognitive, psychomotor and affective domain along with improvement of physical, emotional, spiritual and intellectual balance. Whether teachers or students both of them need to co-operate with each other to achieve the objectives and implant the good skills and knowledge to students. According to the interview, Mr. Mohd Saron had stated to produce good quality of Insan model Students must focus while process teaching and learning occur, develop independence, self-discipline, set challenges, and solve problems, then inquire, apply critical thinking skills, and take action. Other than that, parents must always shows a good attitude to their child, help teacher to encourages their children to study and give fully support if their children participate or represent their school for co-curriculum or curriculum activities. In addition, all activities that carried out in school usually are grounded on education curriculum so all educators must organize suitable activities for all students in school to achieve NPEs objectives. If teacher are not following the guideline from Ministry of Education they cannot implement each activity with valuable knowledge such as nurture moral values to all students. All of them are still young, so it is not hard to implant moral values or civic. Hence, all activities must be grounded on National Philosophy of Education with all aspect in it and can develop other potential like physical, intellect, emotional and spiritual which is very useful for students in a future.

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Philosophy That Shape Malaysian Education 7.0: APPENDIX

Figure 12: Mr. Saron with his excellent students in UPSR Trial

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Figure 13: Motivational programme with standard 6 students conducted by USM students

Figure 14: Sport day launching

Figure 15: Motivational camp

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Philosophy That Shape Malaysian Education 9.0: REFERENCES 1. Choong L.K. (2008). PHILOSOPHY AND EDUCATION IN MALAYSIA. Kuala Lumpur, Kumpulan Budiman Sdn Bhd. 2. Phd, M. (2013) www.Teo-Education.Com Effective Teaching and Learning. [online] Available at: http://www.teo-education.com/teo/?cat=23 [Accessed: 3 Mar 2013]. 3. Teo-education.com (1988) www.Teo-Education.Com National Philosophy of Malaysian Education (NPME). [online] Available at: http://www.teoeducation.com/teo/?p=189 [Accessed: 1 Mar 2013].

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