Sing 4K SJKC CHUNG HUA ENGKILILI Topic: Subject : Time Frame: Lesson 8 - Getting Started (Animals reproduction) Science 60 minutes
This lesson plan is designed for students in the age of 9 who study in primary 4. There are 36 pupils in the class. They are streamed into class of 4K as a better performing class in the school. Most of them take part actively in the class. This group of students is computer literate as they attend for ICT lesson one hour per weeks in the school.
(a) Verbal information: 1. At the end of this lesson, students will be able to state that some animals give birth to their young and some lay eggs by answering question. (b) Intellectual skills: At the end of this lesson, students will be able to: 1. Name at least 4 animals that give birth to their young and by lay eggs in the assessment test. 2. Classify at least 10 animals by the way they reproduce in the assessment test. (c) Attitude: 1. Pupils realize that the reason animals reproduce is to maintain the survival of their species.
Educational Homepage:
http://a-z-animals.com/reference/life-cycles/ This site offers information about the reproduction of animals. It is suitable for primary 4 students to access it. The information provided in the web page includes images for kids to have better understanding. The web site also contains rich information about different types of animals. It also contains quizzes and games to enhance students learning. http://www.animalcorner.co.uk/animalgroups/reptile.html This site functions as an animal corner for kids. It contains information about various amazing animals live on the planet. Besides providing information about the reproduction of the animals, the web site also contains others facts and information of animal. Students can explore and learn additional knowledge from the web site.
Year 4 textbook, assessment worksheet, pictures of animal reproduction, power point slide shows, videos
Previous knowledge:
Students already learned that animals produce their young in Year 2. They learnt that one of the characteristics of living things is they can produce young. Students know that chicken come from eggs and dog give birth to puppy in their life experiences.
Nine Events of Instruction 1. Gain Attention: Contents Short Story: The Crow and Jackal Friendship Planned Instructional Activities 1. Teacher tells students todays lesson is about animal life. Teacher asks: How do animals multiple in numbers? 2. Teacher shows a video of an interesting short story The Crow and Jackal Friendship from YouTube.
Anticipated Learners' Activities Expected responses: Students may have no ideas of how animals multiple in numbers at first. Students watch the video that helps them to
(http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QZQwWC_I learn about the animal klI&list=PL2E8F7E5B539108A4) reproduction. As cited in Wei, (2012), Driscoll provides a great introduction to Gagnes first event as she states how Since learning cannot occur unless the learner is in some way oriented and receptive to incoming information, gaining attention is the obvious first event that must occur in instruction. Pupils come into classroom with their attention toward many other things. Therefore, to ensure that pupils are following the coming learning point, the first and most important stage that teachers have to do is to grab and arouse pupils attention towards the learning topic of the lesson. It is to ensure that pupils will be able to follow the following stage in the lesson. In order to gain pupils attention and arouse their interest in the lesson, storytelling has being chosen as the devices used in the lesson. The story is presenting in a video. Video has being chosen as the way to show the story because it stimulus the students by visually and audibly. Most of the students from primary school like story telling. Hence, it will be an appropriate way to gain their attention.
Nine Events of Instruction 2. Informing the learner of the objective Contents Animals reproduce to maintain the survival of species. Planned Instructional Activities 1. After watching the videos, teacher asks: What do you learn from the story? Why do the birds in the story have to protect the eggs after producing? So, do you all know what are we going to learn today? 2. Teacher inform the pupils the learning objectives of todays lesson: Today I will teach you on animals reproduction. We are going to learn that why do animals reproduce.We are going to learn that some animals give birth to their young and some lay eggs. So, at the end of the lesson, you will be able to classify animals by the way they reproduce.
Anticipated Learners' Activities Expected responses: The birds produce eggs and protect it so that their species can survive. Scientific Attitude: Realizing that science is the means to understand nature: Pupils realize that the reason animals reproduce is to maintain the survival of their species.
When learning goals are not clearly defined, students are likely to take their cues from what happens in class and what appears on tests (Driscoll, 2005 as cited in Wei, 2012). It is important to inform the students of the learning objective early in the lesson so that students can expect what are they going to learn in the lesson and this helps motivate the learner to following throughout the lesson. Teacher relates the story to the learning objective today. Teacher list out the learning objective and learning outcomes of the lesson and it is being informed to the students before the learning content being present.
Nine Events of Instruction 3. Stimulating recall of prerequisite learning Contents Prior Knowledge: The characteristics of living things. Planned Instructional Activities 1. Teacher ask question to recall students prior knowledge:
In year 2, we learn about the characteristics of year 2 that the living things, do you still remember what the characteristics of living things are? characteristics of livings are: they need food and water they breathe they can move they grow they can produce young
Nine Events of Instruction Contents Planned Instructional Activities 2. Teacher shows different types of animals in power point.
Anticipated Learners' Activities Pupils response to teachers question based on their experience.
Some of the students will be able to share on their experience about babies of animals 3. Teacher asks pupils: (a) Have you ever seen the babies of animals? 4. Teacher asks some brainstorming questions. (a) How do animals produce their young? (b) Do all animals reproduce in the same way? 5. Teachers direct the question to some of the students. Teacher asks question to activate pupils prior knowledge and personal experience. It is essential to associate new information with pupils prior knowledge and getting them to think about what they already know in order to facilitate the learning process. Students share their experience. especially common animals such as chicken, dog and fish, cats
Nine Events of Instruction 4. Presenting the stimulus material Contents The reason of animals reproduction: Animals reproduce is to maintain the survival of their species. If animals do not reproduce, they will become extinct. Planned Instructional Activities 1. Teachers use power point slide shows to present the content. 2. Teacher lets students know that only living things like human being, plants and animals reproduce. 3. Teacher ask: Why do animals reproduce? 4. Teacher present the reason of animals
reproduces.
Nine Events of Instruction Contents Ways of animals reproduction: By lay eggs Give birth to young one Planned Instructional Activities 5. Teacher asks: How do animals reproduce? As we saw in the story, some animals reproduce by lay eggs like the crow. However, the Jackal in the story is happy because they do not lay eggs, they give birth to the young ones.
Anticipated Learners' Activities Expected responses: Animals lay eggs. Animals produce babies.
6. Teacher presents different picture of animals Expected Responses: and asks: Which animal below lay eggs? Which animal below give birth to its young? Butterfly, fish, birds, frogs, chicken, turtle, crocodile.
7. Teacher present the information to students: Birds, insects and fish lay eggs.
Nine Events of Instruction Contents Animals give birth to young one: Mammals Mammals give birth to their young. Planned Instructional Activities
Teachers present new content to the pupils. The content is organized, explained and demonstrated using power point slides show. It is presented with pictures of different animals. Images are important to retain their attention in the classroom. It is able to attract them to the focus on the content. Besides, teacher guide students to the content by asking provoking questions. It helps to promote higher order thinking.
Nine Events of Instruction 5. Providing learning guidance Contents Identification of animals gives birth to young one and by lay eggs. Planned Instructional Activities 1. Teacher asks: How do we know which animals giving birth by laying eggs or give birth to young one? 2. Teacher shows various pictures of animals Scientific skills and thinking skills: (a) Relating: Pupils related the young animals to the external features (b) Comparing, Contrasting and Classifying: Pupils compare the external features of animals and classify animals into different way of reproduction. using power point slide shows. 3. Teacher shows students: the way they give birth. their body? visible easily?
This is a guide for you to identify animals of Students Can you find out animals whose have hair on on
external
Can you find out animals whose ears are zebra, lion, kangaroo, bear, cow, gorilla,
Nine Events of Instruction Contents Planned Instructional Activities 4. Teachers guide students by drawing to the concept that: Those animals whose have hair on their body and have external ears are animals that give birth to the young ones. mammals. 5. Teacher presents a reproduction chart. Animals reproduction They are call as
Egg lying
Nine Events of Instruction Contents Planned Instructional Activities 6. Teacher guides students to understand the concept: So we can see that they are two ways of animals reproducing. Animals reproduce by lay eggs are birds, insects, reptiles, and amphibian. Animals reproduce to young ones are mammals with hair on body and external ears.
This activity guide students to meet the learning outcomes. Teacher present the pictures of animals in power point slides shows to guide pupils indentify and classify animals to their way of giving birth. It helps the learner to make meaning of the information and this is crucial to an effective instruction. Some of the students may have good knowledge of the reproduction of animals. They will able to catch up with the lesson and enjoyed it. However, others may not familiar with it. Therefore, teacher provides guidance by giving examples and provides a flow chart. It helps the pupils to encode information for long-term storage. It is to ensure that all levels of students are able to learn and be exposed to as much as possible in the limited time of the lesson.
Nine Events of Instruction 6. Eliciting the performance Contents Planned Instructional Activities 1. Teacher ask question: (a) Why animals reproduce? (b) In what ways do animals reproduce?
Anticipated Learners' Activities Students states that animals reproduce in two ways:
(c) Can you name five animals that reproduce Give birth to young by giving birth and another five that ones and lay eggs. reproduce by laying eggs? Students name animals that reproduce by 2. Teacher writes out pupils response on black giving birth and lay board. eggs.
In this event, the learner is required to practice the new skill or behavior. Eliciting performance provides an opportunity for learners to confirm their correct understanding, and the repetition further increases the likelihood of retention.
Nine Events of Instruction 7. Providing feedback Contents Planned Instructional Activities 1. Teachers provide immediate feedback and guidance while the pupils perform their answer. 2. If the student performs the correct answer, teacher can give praise and provide immediate feedback. For example: (a) You are right, dog give birth to young one. We can see that dog have both hair on body and easily visible ears. As we discussed just now, animals with both features: hair on body and external ears are give birth to young one. 3. If the student perform incorrect answer, teacher may provide guidance, for example: (a) Are the animals you mention just now having hair on their body and easily visible ears? (b) So, how do you think they are mammals? (c) Now, can you give the examples of animals that give birth to young ones again?
Anticipated Learners' Activities Students do correction on wrong answer. Students provide feedback for their peers.
This activity has informed pupils of their performance. It shows them what they can do. Pupils will be able to confirm their learning with the feedback provided by teacher. By providing feedback, pupils will be more confidence in answering the questions even with incorrect answer as the teacher are able to guide them to the correct answer by pointing out and asking deeper questions. It also helps pupils to reflect and builds deeper meaning with the knowledge.
Nine Events of Instruction 8. Assessing the performance Contents Activity worksheet: 1. Name 5 animals that give birth to young one and by lay eggs. 2. Classify animals to the way of reproduction. Planned Instructional Activities 1. Teacher distributes an assessment test to the pupils. 2. Teacher evaluates students performance by collect the assessment worksheet. 3. Teacher collects data for every child.
Anticipated Learners' Activities Pupils answer the questions individually without guidance or hints.
At this stage, a final evaluation is carried out by retrieving and reinforcing the content knowledge. Students demonstrate what they have learned throughout the lesson by completing the assessment test. This activity is important in instruction because it identifies whether or not the learning objectives have been met. Teacher would be very difficult to determine if the pupils know or able to met the learning outcomes without this assessment performance. This assessment activity also provoke students thinking skill in higher order while they are comparing, contrasting and classifying those animals into the way of animals give birth.
Nine Events of Instruction 9. Enhancing retention and transfer Contents Scientific skills and thinking skills: (a) Relating (b) Comparing, Contrasting and Classifying (c) Communicating Planned Instructional Activities 1. Teacher asks: What are the other animals who give birth by laying eggs? What re the other animals who give birth to young ones? Can you compare those animals features in order to identify their way of reproduction?
Anticipated Learners' Activities Students response to the question. Students download the pictures of various animals from internet. Students discuss with their friends and classifying the animals
Teacher has made sure that students reached the learning outcomes after the assessment. In order to increase the retention of their new knowledge gained over a long time period, teachers provide practice and activity that consolidate their learning. These activities enable students to work in group and transfer the knowledge and skill they have learnt in the lesson. Practice make prefect. By having students to repeat the new learn concepts, it is able to enhance their retention. Through retention and transfer, the pupils are able to use and apply the concept learnt in the future. This activity also promotes higher order thinking skills. Pupils relate the young animals to the different means of reproduction and they compare the different means of reproduction and classify the animals according to the different ways in which they are reproduces after discussion. It also enhances collaboration learning skills.
Nine Events of Instruction Reflective comments about Gagnes 9 events of instruction Contents Planned Instructional Activities
Gagnes 9 events of instruction provide teacher with an organized lesson plan. This instructional model assist teacher in becoming more organized and staying focused on the learning objective. The instructions make sure that students master one step before moving to the next. It emphasized on retention transfer which lead to durable learning. In addition, Gagnes 9 events of instruction ensure an effective and meaningful learning occur. It maximizes effectiveness of information processing during learning. Therefore, I am sure that teachers will be able to enhance students learning by implementing the 9 events of instruction in the lesson. It guides teachers to plan for a successful instruction.
APPENDIX I ASSESSMENT TEST: NAME: CLASS: TOPIC: SCIENTIFIC SKILLS AND THINKING SKILLS: (c) Relating: Pupils related the young animals to the different means of reproduction. (d) Comparing, Contrasting and Classifying: Pupils compare the different means of reproducing DATE:
Answer all the question below: 1. Name 5 animals that give birth to young ones: (a) ________________________ (b) ________________________ (c) ________________________ (d) ________________________ (e) ________________________
2. Name 5 animals that give birth by laying eggs: (a) ________________________ (b) ________________________ (c) ________________________ (d) ________________________ (e) ________________________
3. Cut off the pictures below and classify them into animals that give birth to young ones and animals that give birth by laying eggs.