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OTHER HEALTH IMPAIRMENTS

* CARDIOPULMONARY CONDITIONS (Heart and Lungs) Asthma it is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by repeated episodes of difficulty in breathing. Cystic Fibrosis An inherited disease characterized by chronic respiratory and digestive problems. Lungs and pancreas may be blocked with mucus. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) A fatal virus. Causes illness resulting in a breakdown of the immune system leaving the individual vulnerable to chronic and ultimately fatal infections from a wide variety of microbes. Cooleys Anemia A blood cell disease of genetic treated with frequent blood transfusion. (Blood from the parent blood pushes the foreign blood)

An interference of blood supply to the retina, improper functioning of the muscles of the eyes.

Stabismus - Cross-eyedness 2. INFECTION DISEASE Rubella Syphilis (STD) Gonorrhea (STD) 3. POST NATAL CAUSES Retrolental Fibroplasia - is due to over exposure of premature babies to oxygen resulting in the malformation of the blood vessels of the eyes. Glaucoma due to the gradual build up of pressure inside the eye which destroys the retina and optiuc nerve. - can also happen to middle-aged person Cataract the clouding of the lens of the eye due to old age, metabolic disturbance or action of certain drugs and poison, illness or injury.

VISUAL IMPAIRMENT
Physical disability Nature of the Visually Impaired (VI) - The VI are those whose central visual activity is 20/200 or less in the better eye with correcting glasses. Visually impaired children are considered to be more like normally-seeing children than different from them. The visually impaired are basically with the same needs for belonging, acceptance, selfactualization, opportunity for learning and encouragement to grow, gain independence as the normally seeing children.

4. ACCIDENTS/TRAUMA Eye injury caused by pointed objects, scissors, pencils and other sharp objects. OVEREXPOSURE TO: -Sunlight -Eclipses -Reflection of Snow -Intense flash of electricity/ Short circuit

EDUCATIONAL APPROACHES:
o BRAILE Special adaptations for student who are blind. Primary means of literacy for people who are blind. It is a tactile system of reading and writing in which letters, words, numbers and other systems are made from of arrangements of raised dots.

CAUSES OF VISUAL IMPAIRMENT:

1. CONGENITAL CAUSES Diabetic Retinopathy

Students who are blind may also use special equipment to access standard print through touch, reading materials and pre-recorded materials. Students who are blind or have severe VI need instruction in orientation (knowing where they are, where they are going and how to get these) and mobility (moving safely and efficiently from one point to another)

needs that the individual cannot be accommodated in a special education program designed solely for children with HI or VI. Multiple Disabilities Neurological / Psychological + Physical Disabilites Helen Keller- deaf and blind

SPECIAL ADAPTATIONS FOR STUDENTS WITH LOW VISION o Optical Devices - The cannot give normal vision to children with low vision but may help them perform, better at certain task such as reading small print and seeing distant objects. Glasses Contact Lenses Small Handheld Telescope Magnifiers o Large Prints - For kids: Because their Retina is still developing. - Children with low vision should be taught visual efficiency. Systematic development of listening skill is an important component of the educational program of every child with Visual Impairment.

TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY


Acquired disabilities No specific age Can even happen to adults An acquired injury to the brain caused by an external physical force, resulting in total or partial functional disability, psychological impairments or both that adversely affect a childs educational performance.

GIFTED AND TALENTED

They get bored in a regular class and less motivated. Those who score in the top 2% on Standardized Test of Intelligence Children and youth with outstanding talent performance or show potential for performing at remarkably high levels of accomplishment when compared with others of their age, experience or environment. They also exhibit high performance capability in intellectual, creative and artistic areas, possess an unusual leadership, academic skills. They require the services or activities not ordinarily or provided by the schools (Ross, 1993)

SPEECH AND LANGUAGE IMPAIRMENT An impairment in the ability to receive, send,


process, and comprehend concepts or verbal nonverbal and graphic symbol system. Receptive- How you receive the message Expressive- Sending (ability to talk and express your ideas whether verbal, non-verbal and symbols)

A communication disorder may be evident in


the process of hearing, language, speech. Audiologist Speech Pathologist

Partners

DEAF-BLINDEDNESS Any combination of hearing and visual


impairments that causes such a severe communication, development and educational

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