Despite the similarities of the origins of these two places, by the eighteenth century they
had evolved into two distinct societies. Although there were many reasons that contributed
to the varying cultures, family, religion, geography, and gold played major parts.
From viewing a list of various emigrants bound for New England in March of
1635, it is apparent from viewing the document that the majority of the to-be settlers
came with a family consisting of sons, daughters, babies, and, in most cases, a servant.
By using this information, one can determine that a major value of the New Englanders
was family and that this value would have had a great impact on how the colonies toward
the north developed. A direct contrast for the family-loving New Englanders is seen in a
list of emigrants heading toward the Chesapeake region, but this register tells an
immensely different tale about the colonizers. With the exception of three pairs of
brothers and sisters, absolutely no families made the journey to Virginia from England in
July of 1635. Single men with ages varying from fourteen to fifty dominated the
population of the ship and most likely the settlement where they were aimed. Only a
small portion of the ship’s occupants was taken up by women and their age only ranged
from 18 to 24. Compared to the Englanders bound for Massachusetts, those journeying to
Another example of the importance of family in New England can be found in the
Articles of Agreement for Springfield, Massachusetts of 1636 which states, “We intend
by God’s grace, as soon as we can, with all convenient speed, to procure some Godly and
faithful minister with whom we purpose to join in church covenant to walk in all the
ways of Christ.” These words state that one of the main intentions of the settlers was to
keep religion important in their society by keeping the church strong. After this
statement, the document tells of another one of major values that these New Englanders
found extremely important. By stating that their town will contain forty families, they are
While New Englanders cared about religion and family, those in the Chesapeake
region, like Captain John Smith, desired to be like the Spaniards who journeyed to the
New World. In order to achieve that goal, the settlers in Virginia and Maryland had to be
focused on discovering gold. Captain John Smith’s History of Virginia makes it very clear
that the intention of the majority of the colonists was to become rich. The desire to find
gold in the Chesapeake region obsessed many of the people to the point where all they
did was, “ . . . dig gold, wash gold, refine gold, load gold . . . ” Opposite of the New
Englanders who appear to have been a very together and united people, Virginia could
not be defended against the Dutch and Native Americans. Due to information found in
Governor Berkeley and His council on Their Inability to Defend Virginia Against a Dutch
Attack, readers know that geography and large amounts of men who were unable to fight
Due to differences between the two regions during their settling in the 1600s, two
completely individual societies existed by the 1700s. The groups of people that came
from England to settle in the Chesapeake region and New England were entirely different
which led to varying societies. While New England colonists were very concerned with
religion and family, the main priority of those in the Chesapeake was to find gold.