PRESENT PERFECT IT IS USED : When there is always a connection with now.

. The action in the past has a result now : e.g. I cant find my bag. Have you seen it ? (do you know where it is now? ) To give new information or to announce a recent happening e.g. Ow! I have cut my finger. With just, already,yet e.g. I have just had breakfast. He has already done his homework. Has it stopped raining yet ? Ive written a letter but I havent posted it yet. When we talk about a period of time that continues from the past until now e.g. Have you ever eaten caviar? We have never had a car. To talk about a period that continues until now : recently, in the last few days, so far, since breakfast e.g. Have you heard from George recently? Ive met a lot of people in the last few days. With today ,this morning , this evening etc. when these periods of are not finished at the time of speaking e.g. I have drunk four cups of coffee today.( perhaps Ill drink more before today is finished ) With its the first time something has happened e.g. Its the first time John has driven a car. FORMS AFF: S + HAVE/ HAS +VB(III) e.g. I have lost my keys. INT : HAVE/HAS + S + VB (III ) e.g. Have you seen my glasses? NEG : S + HAVENT/ HASNT + VB(III ) e.g. She hasnt finished writing the letter yet.

exercises Use the PRESENT PERFECT of the verb in parentheses : 1 He ( take / not ) another gold medal since the last contest. 2 She (be) ill since last Monday. 3 The traffic speed (increase) for 11 months. 4 I (ride/not) a horse since I was a child. 5 You (see) my paper? I (just/put) it somewhere but I cannot remember . Use the words given to make sentences; use PRESENT PERFECT. 1 I/ buy/ a new car. 2 My father/ start/ a new job. 3 I / give up /smoking. 4 Charles and Sarah/go /to Brazil. 5 Suzanne /have/a baby. Use the verb in brackets + just/ already/ yet. 1 2 3 4 5 Would you like to eat something? No, thanks. I (just/have) lunch. Do you know where Julia is? Yes , I (just/see) her. What time is David leaving? He (already/leave) Whats in the newspaper today? I dont know. I (not/read/yet). Are your friends here yet? Yes, they (just/arrive).

Put the verbs in brackets into the PRESENT PERFECT. 1 Mike is looking for his key. He cant find it . He (lose) his key. 2 Margaret cant walk and her leg is in plaster. She (brake) her leg. 3 Marias English wasnt very good. Now its much better. She (improve) it. 4 Tim didnt have a beard last month. Now he has a beard. He (grow) a beard. 5 This morning I was expecting a letter. Now I have it. It (arrive). Complete the sentences using today, this year , this term etc. 1 2 3 4 5 I saw Tom yesterday but I (not/see) I read a newspaper yesterday but I (not/read ) Last year the company made a profit but it (not/make) Tracy worked hard last term but she (not/work) hard It snowed a lot last year but it (not/snow)