LASER

1. What is the ratio of the stimulated emission to spontaneous emission at a temperature of 2500C for sodium D2 line? 2. Calculate the ratio of spontaneous emission to stimulated emission if the wavelength of the radiation is 550nm at 2000K. Given h= 6.6 x 10-34 Js. k= 1.38 x 10-26 SI unit? 3. The ratio of population of two energy levels out of which upper one corresponds to metastable state is 1.059 x 10-30. Calculate the wavelength of light emitted at 330K. 4. Calculate the energy difference in eV between two energy levels of Ne atom of He- Ne gas laser, the transition between which results in the emission of light of = 632.8 nm. Also calculate the number of photons emitted / second if optical power output is 1mW. 5. At what temperature are the ratio of spontaneous and stimulated emission equal (take = 500 nm)? At what wavelength are they equal at room temperature? (T =300K)? 6. An atom has two energy levels with a transition wavelength of = 694.3 nm. Assuming that all the atoms in an assembly are in one or other of these levels, calculate the percentage of the atoms in the upper level at room temperature ( T = 300K) and at ( T = 500K). 7. Calculate the electric field of a laser beam of wavelength 630 nm, power 1mW and cross section 3mm2. (Hint : ).

8. The ratio of population of two energy states is . Determine the temperature if the lasing wavelength is = 600 nm. 9. What is the ratio of population for energy levels corresponding to 1060nm at 300K? 10. In a He- Ne laser beam, the two plane mirrors forms the resonant cavity are at a distance 0.5m. Find the mode separation of longitudinal cavity in terms of frequency. 11. Calculate the energy difference in eV between two energy levels of Ne atoms of He- Ne gas laser, the transition between which results in the emission of light of wavelength 632.8 nm. Also calculate the number of photons emitted/s if optical power output is 1mW. 12. Calculate the threshold power for an Nd- glass laser, given that the critical population inversion is 9 x 1021 m3 , the spontaneous life time is 300s and that the upper laser level is at energy of 1.4eV. 13. A laser beam of wavelength 6000 is focused by a lens of diameter 2m on to the moon. If the distance of moon from earth is how big is the spot on the moon. 14. A laser beam of 50mW has a wavelength the 7200 and aperture 5mm. The beam is focussed using lens of focal length 10cms. Calculate the area and intensity of image. 15. Imagine that we chope a continuous laser beam of = 623.8 nm into 1ns pulses using a shutter calculate coherence length, line width and band width. 16. The coherence length for sodium D2 line ( = 588.9 nm) is 2.5cm. Deduce a. The coherence time . b. Spectral width of the line. c. Purity factor Q