Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering

Winter 2013 Petroleum Engineering (ENPE) 515 - DRILLING and WELL COMPLETIONS ASSIGNMENT #3 Assignment Due Date: Monday, 8th April 2013 at 6:30 pm Student Name: ID #: NOTE: Answer All questions listed below. Please state any relevant assumptions made, wherever necessary. 1. A vertical tight gas well requires stimulating with a frac job. The well data is as follows: Well: Depth: 3800 m TVD Intermediate Casing: Set at 3,300 m (C75, OD 219.08 mm, ID 201.19 mm, 47.62 kg/m with couplings) Production Liner: Set from 3,200 to 3,800 m (P110, 139.70 OD, 54.17 kg/m with couplings) Production Tubing: Set at 3,760 m(N80, 88.9 mm OD and 13.69 kg/m with couplings) Perforations: 3,760 3,780 m Wellhead: 35 MPa Reservoir: Pressure: Temperature: Porosity: Permeability: Formation Breakdown Pressure:

44.0 MPa 88oC 16% <1.0 md 5.0 MPa

Frac Job: Fracture Fluid: Fracture Gradient: Anticipated Fluid Injection Rate: Tubing Friction Pressure Gradient: Proppant: Friction Pressure Loss Across Perforations:

Gelled hydrocarbon ( f = 760 kg/m3) 21.0 kPa/m 4.0 m3/min 2.5 kPa/m 50.0 tonne of #20/40 mesh sand 2.0 MPa

Evaluate and explain: a. Surface injection pressures to (a) initiate and (b) maintain the fracture b. Is the existing tubing adequate for the job? If not, what specifications are required? c. Is a down hole packer needed for the job? Why or why not? d. Is a wellhead tree saver required? e. What pressure needs to be maintained in the annulus? How? Why?
ENPE 515 - Assignment #3, Winter 2013 Page 1 of 2

f. Pump and prime mover outputs required (assume appropriate volumetric and mechanical efficiencies. 2. A vertical water injection well is need to be fractured for improving the injectivity. The Reservoir pressure is 16 MPa, temperature is 35oC, permeability is 580 md, and porosity is 28%. The perforations are located at 1,515 m to 1,520 m. The fracture gradient of the area is 19.8 kPa/m. The production casing is 139.7 mm, 23.07 kg/m, J 55, and it is set at 1,600 m. The well head working pressure is 25 MPa. The tubing that will be used is 73.0 mm, 9.67 kg/m, J 55, and the packer will be set at 1,500 m. The treatment conditions are: Tubular Friction Gradient is 11.0 kPa/m, Hydrostatic Gradient is 9.97 kPa/m, Rate is 3.00 m3/min, Perforation Friction is 1.3 MPa, and the additional pressure required to initiate the fracture is 5 MPa. a. b. c. d. e. f. What is the surface pressure to initiate the fracture? What is the surface pressure to maintain the fracture? Do we have to protect the wellhead? Why? What is the power requirement at the surface? Is the use of this tubing safe? Why? In case, the packer breaks, is it safe to continue with the operation? Why? If yes, How?

3. Describe in brief, with appropriate sketches, the Drillers Method and the Wait and Weight (Engineers) Method of circulating out a pressure kick during the drilling of a well.

ENPE 515 - Assignment #3, Winter 2013

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