Experiment Name:

To develop a temperature control system using PLC. Objective: The purpose of this experiment is temperature control to facilitate cooling system to a specified temperature, then maintain it at that temperature in a controlled manner using programmable logical controller (PLC).

Description of the control mechanism:

In a cold room, the temperature must be maintained below zero degree Celsius. Temperature fluctuations are monitored by means of a sensor. If the temperature rises above zero degrees Celsius, the cooling system switches on for a predetermined time. The Cooling system On lamp is lit during this time. The cooling system and the lamp are turned off if one of the following conditions is fulfilled: The sensor reports a temperature fall below zero degrees Celsius. The preset cooling time has elapsed. The pushbutton switch Stop has been pressed. If the preset cooling time has expired, and the temperature in the cold room is still too high, the cooling system can be restarted by means of the pushbutton switch Reset.

Implementation:
The following table shows the definition of the tags used: Name Sensor Reset Stop Max Cool Time Max Cool Time Cool System Lamp Data type BOOL BOOL BOOL TIME TIME BOOL BOOL Comment Temperature sensor signal Reset The cooling system is switch off. Predetermined cooling time. This tag is defined in the DB_Cool data block. Currently elapsed cooling time. This tag is defined in the DB_Cool data block. The cooling system is switched on. The cooling system On lamp is switched on.

The following network shows the LAD programming for controlling room temperature:

When the temperature in the cold room rises above zero degrees Celsius, the signal state at the sensor operand switches from 0 to 1 (positive edge). On a positive edge at input IN of the timer function, the predetermined cooling time is started, and the cooling system and lamp are switched on. If the temperature in the cold room falls below zero degrees Celsius, the signal state of the sensor switches back to 0. This switches the cooling system and lamp off. If the sensor does not signal a temperature drop, the cooling system and lamp are switched off after the predetermined cooling time, at the least. In this case, the cooling process can be restarted by pressing the Reset push button switch. Pressing and releasing the push-button switch generates a new positive edge at input IN , which restarts the cooling system.

Description of instructions used in this experiment:

Symbol

Parameter
IN PT Q ET

Data type BOOL TIME BOOL TIME

Memory area I,Q,M,D,L I,Q,M,D,L or constant I,Q,M,D,L I,Q,M,D,L

Description Start input Duration of the pulse. PT must be positive Pulse Output Elapsed time

Description:
We can use the Generate pulse operation to set the Q output for a pre-programmed period of time. The operation is started when the result of logic operation(RLO) at the IN input changes from 0 to 1. When the operation is started, the time programmed for PT starts running. Output Q is set for the period of time, PT, regardless of the subsequent course of the input signal. Even when a new positive edge is detected, the signal state at the Q output is not affected as long as PT is running. It is Possible to query how long the current timer function has been running at output ET. This time starts at T#0s and ends when the value set for the PT timer is reached. The value at the ET output can be queried as long as the PT timer is running and the input IN has signal state 1. When inserting the Generate pulse operation, an instance data block is created in which the operation data is saved.

Placement:
The Generate pulse operation requires a preceding logic operation for the edge evaluation. It can placed within or at the end of the network.

Pulse Diagram:

Discussion:
In this experiment at first we design the network mentioned above. And we set a predetermined time 5sec. when we execute this program after 5sec the lamp switch become off according to the sensor indicator. If the sensor does not signal temperature drop, the cooling system and lamp are switched off after the predetermined cooling times has elapsed, at the least.