PCMA Journal of Business

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Instructions for Contributors Copyright: Articles, papers, abstracts or cases submitted for conference/publication should be original contributions and should not be under consideration by any other publication at the same time. Authors submitting articles/papers/abstracts/cases for publication warrant that the work is not an infringement of any existing copyright, infringement of proprietary right, invasion of private, of libel and will indemnify, defend, and hold PCMA harmless from any damages, expenses and cost against any breach of such warranty. For ease of dissemination and to ensure proper policing of use, papers/articles/abstracts/cases and contributions become the legal copyright of Punjab Commerce and Management Association, unless otherwise agreed in writing. PCMA-JBS looks for conceptually sound and methodologically rigours articles that extend knowledge on particular topics of management through empirical work or by building on existing theory, and draw out the implications of the research for practitioners. Consequently, we expect the articles to have a long shelf life and the potential to advance management theory and practice. Our readership comprises managers in public, private and not-for-profit sectors, consultants, and academics and students of management schools in India and abroad. We invite articles relevant to this group, covering the fields of general management; corporate strategy, policy and governance; finance, control and law; public policy; IT; marketing; OB/HR; technology and manufacturing; and related areas like economics and social sciences. Articles may be either conceptual or application oriented, with a rigorous research methodology. Articles that consist solely of literature surveys or descriptions of particles in a particular field will not be considered. Authors may also contribute to some other features of review Editorial and Review Process PCMA-JBS is a refereed journal. Articles submitted for publication are initially screened by the editors for relevance to our readership, theoretical framework, methodological rigour, and potential to advance theory/practice. Articles that present conceptually and methodologically rigorous ideas in the friendly format to our readership and highlight key insights and managerial implications of the proposed ideas in the manuscript stand a better chance for active

consideration. Those considered appropriate are put through a double blind review, a process that may take from four to eight months. Authors may be asked to revise and resubmit the manuscript based on the referees comments. Accepted articles are edited to suit our format. Authors may consult the detailed format and style guidelines given below. Published articles become the exclusive copyright of PCMA-JBS, which includes the right for electronic distribution. We regret our inability to provide detailed comments on rejected manuscripts. While PCMA-JBS cannot publish all the submissions it receives, we appreciate the time invested and the interest shown by the authors. Academics and practitioners are encouraged to share through the various features of the journal. Formats & Styles 1. Contribution should be submitted in duplicate, the first two impressions of the typescript. It should be typed on a quarter or foolscap sized paper, in double space with at least one and a half inch margin on the right. Two copies of a computer printout along with a CD are required. They should subscribe strictly to the journal format and style requirements. 2. Though there is no standard length for articles, a limit of 20 to 30 typed pages including tables, appendices, graphs etc. would be appreciated. 3. The cover page of the typescript should contain: (i) title of the article, (ii) name(s) of author(s), (iii) professional affiliation, (iv) an abstract of the paper in less that 200 words including a few keywords, and (v) acknowledgements, if any. The first page of the article must also provide the title, but not the rest of the item of cover page. 4. Tables should preferably be of such size that they can be composed within one page area of the journal. The source should be given below each table containing data from secondary source all results from previous studies. Tables should be invariably included in the text wherever the reference comes. 5. Indication of notes should be serially numbered in the text of the articles with a raised numeral and the corresponding noted should be given at the end of the paper. 6. Figures and charts, if any, should be professionally drawn using such materials (like black ink on transparent papers) which allow reproduction by photographic process. Considering the prohibitive costs of such process, figures and charts should be used only when they are most essential. 7. A reference list should appear after the list of notes. It should contain all the articles, books, reports, etc. referred in the text and they should be arranged alphabetically by the names of authors or institutions associated with those works. a. Reference to publications mentioned should present the following details in the same order : name, year of publication(within brackets), title of publication(underlined/italic), place of publication for example: Kotler, Philip (1999), Marketing Management, Prentice Hall of India, Delhi.

b. Reference to institutional publications where no specific author(s) is (are) mentioned should present the following details in the same order: institutions name, year of publication (within brackets), title of publication(underlined/italic), place of publication for example: Reserve Bank of India (1998), RBI Bulletin, Vol. 1, No. 5, Mumbai. International Labour Office (2000), Child Labour: A Briefing Manual, Geneva. c. Reference to articles in periodicals should present the following details in the same order: authors surname and name (or initials), year of publication (within brackets), title of the article (in double quotation marks), title of periodical (underlined/italic), number of the volume and issue (both using Arabic numerals), and page numbers. For example: Sharma, Amit (1996), Foreign Investments and its Impact on Corporate Sector, The Indian Journal of Public Enterprises, Vol. 30, No.1, pp. Vinten, Gerald (1998), Internal Auditing, Managerial Auditing Journal, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 100-105. d. Reference in the text or in the notes should simply give the name of the author or institution and the year of publication, the latter within brackets, e.g., Shekhar (1999). Page numbers too may be given wherever necessary, e.g., Shekhar (1999) pp. 10-15. Other Details

The editors reserve the right to accept or refuse an article for publication, and they are under no obligation to assign reasons for their decision. Authors will receive a complimentary copy of the review in which their articles are published; they will also receive ten reprints of their articles for their personal use. A regular reprint service is available and further copies required may be obtained, or prior permission sought for limited and specified reproduction, on payment of prescribed charges. For more details authors are encouraged to visit the journal page at www.publishingindia.com and go through sample articles of the journal.

Address for Communication The Chief Editor, PCMA Journal of Business Studies, Ludhiana (Pb.) Email : coordinator@pcma.co.in Sitelinks

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Title of the Research Work Should be written in This Style and Font Author Name 1, Author Name 2 , Author Name 3
ABSTRACT
The abstract serves two major purposes: it helps a person decide whether to read the paper, and it provides the reader with a framework for understanding the paper if they decide to read it. Thus, abstract should describe the most important aspects of the study within the wordlimit provided by the journal. As appropriate for research, try to include a statement of the problem, the sample you studied, the dependent and independent variables, the instruments, the design, major findings, and conclusions. If pressed for space, concentrate on the problem and, especially, findings. A

research paper abstract is very similar to other parts of a research paper, such as an introduction. An introduction also tells readers more about what they are going to learn from the research paper. However, the difference between introductions and research paper abstracts is that introductions provide background information and introduce the topic of the research paper. Abstracts give a general overview of the paper, but may not include any background information. Keywords: Author Guidelines, Research Paper Template, AJMR, IPA, Template 1. Introduction

Start your report with a paragraph or two presenting the investigated problem, the importance of the study, and an overview of research strategy. The introductory paragraphs are usually followed by a review of the literature. Show how research builds on prior knowledge by presenting and evaluating what is already known about research problem. Assume that the readers possess a broad knowledge of the field, but not the cited articles, books and papers. Discuss the findings of works that are pertinent to specific issue. Usually will not need to elaborate on methods. The goal of the introduction and literature review is to demonstrate "the logical continuity between previous and present works" (APA, 1994). This does not mean need to provide an exhaustive historical review. Analyze the relationships among the related studies instead of presenting a series of seemingly unrelated abstracts or annotations. The introduction should motivate the study. The reader should understand why the problem was researched and why the study represents a contribution to existing knowledge. Use font style Times Ne Roman, font size 12 with line spacing 1.0 only. Asian Journal of Management Research, Vol.1, No.1, 2010
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2. Review of Literature/Theatrical Background of the Study A literature review is a body of text that aims to review the critical points of current knowledge including substantive findings as well as theoretical and methodological contributions to a particular topic. Literature reviews are secondary sources, and as such, do not report any new or original experimental work. Most often associated with academicoriented literature, such as theses, a literature review usually precedes a research proposal and results section. Its ultimate goal is to bring the reader up to date with current literature on a topic and forms the basis for another goal, such as future research that may be needed in the area. A wellstructured literature review is characterized by a logical flow of ideas current and relevant references with consistent, appropriate referencing style proper use of terminology and an unbiased and comprehensive view of the previous research on the topic. 3. Research Objectives/Research Questions/Hypotheses To Develop a template for publishing work in AJMR

 To find out the font size, font style and line spacing in order to write article/case study/research paper according to AJMR format. To formulate the guidelines for AJMR authors 4. Research Methodology The method section includes separate descriptions of the sample, the materials, and the procedures, If needed. Describe sample with sufficient detail so that it is clear what population(s) the sample represents. A discussion of how the sample was formed is needed for reliability and understanding your study. The APA Task Force on Statistical Inference points out "how a population is defined affects almost every conclusion about an article" (Wilkinson, et al., 1999).. A description of instruments, including all surveys, tests, questionnaires, interview forms, and other tools used to provide data, should appear. Evidence of reliability and validity should be presented. Since reliability is a property of scores from a specific use of a specific instrument for a specific population, provide reliability estimates based on data. The design of the study, whether it is a case study, a survey, a controlled experiment, a metaanalysis, or some other type of research, is conveyed through the procedures subsection. It is here that the activities of the researcher are described, such as what was said to the participants, how groups were formed, what control mechanisms were employed, etc. The description is sufficient if enough detail is present for the reader to replicate the essential elements of the study. It is important for the procedures to conform to ethical criteria for researchers (APA, 1992). 5. Analysis and Interpretation Present a summary of what found in analysis. Describe the techniques that used in each analysis and the results of each analysis. Start with a description of any complications, such as protocol violations and missing data that may have occurred. Examine data for anomalies, such as outliers, points of high influence, miscoded data, and illogical responses. Asian Journal of Management Research, Vol.1, No.1, 2010
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Use common sense to evaluate the quality of data and make adjustments. Describe the process that used in order to assure readers that editing was appropriate and purified rather than skewed results. With

todays availability of statistical packages, it is fairly easy to use very sophisticated techniques to analyze data. Understand the techniques are used and the statistics that are reported. Try to use the simplest, appropriate technique for which can meet the underlying assumptions. If using inferential statistics, determine the power a priori based on anticipated distribution, design, and definition of practical significance. This information must stem from related literature and not the data that collected. If fail to reach statistical significance, then this analysis can be used to show that the finding does not stem from low power. Where appropriate, compute and report effect sizes or, at a minimum, be sure to provide enough information so effect sizes can be computed. Effect sizes provide a common metric for evaluating results across studies and aid in the design of future studies. They will be needed by anyone who attempts a quantitative synthesis of study along with the others in given area of research. For most research reports, the results should provide the summary details about what found rather than an exhaustive listing of every possible analysis and every data point. Use carefully planned tables and graphs. While tables and graphs should be selfexplanatory, do not include a table or graph unless it is discussed in the report. Limit them to those that help the reader understand data as they relate to the investigated problem Table 1: Use Font Size 12, Times New Roman dont Bold the Heading Keep it in Centre (Source: Specify Source of Table) Table Heading Table Font Font Style Times New Roman Font Size 12 Line Spacing Single and Justify Top /Bottom Margin 1 Right/Left Margin .75 Figure 1: Use Font Size 12, Times New Roman dont Bold the Heading Keep it in Centre (Source: Specify Source of Figure) Asian Journal of Management Research, Vol.1, No.1, 2010
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6. Recommendation/Suggestion/Findings Font size Should be 12 Font Style Should be Times New Roman

 Single Line spacing should be used Align Justify 7. Limitation of the Study Abstract details: The Abstract should be a minimum of 200 and no more than 500 words including keywords. Abstracts have to include the proposed title for the paper, the full names of all the authors. Full paper: Should not to be more than 9,000 words including abstract, keywords and references. 8. Conclusions At this point, the expert data set gives an authority on the problem to address. In this section, discuss and interpret data for the reader,. Do not be afraid to state opinions. Many authors chose to begin the discussion section by highlighting key results. Return to the specific problem you investigated and tell the reader what now you think and why. Relate your findings to those of previous studies, by explaining relationships and supporting or disagreeing with what others have found. Describe your logic and draw your conclusions. Be careful, however, not to over generalize your results. Your conclusions should be warranted by your study and your data. 9. Future Work It should be described in one paragraph in order to give a clear direction for future research work, to put in more effort and does extensive research work on this work or topic. Try to anticipate the questions a reader will have and suggest what problems should be researched next in order to extend your findings into new areas. Asian Journal of Management Research, Vol.1, No.1, 2010 Nomenclature AJMR Asian Journal of Management Research APA American Psychological Association IPA Integrated Publishing Association Reference

There should be a onetoone match between the references cited in the report and the references listed in the reference section. Single line spacing, font size 11, font style Times New Roman American Psychological Association (1992). Ethical principles of psychologists and code of conduct. American Psychologist, Vol.47, pp.15971611. American Psychological Association (1994). Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (4th

Ed.). Washington, DC Gay, L.R. & P.W. Airasian (1999). Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Application. 6th edition. New York: Prentice Hall. Peters, D.C., & Ceci, S.J. (1982). Peer review practices of psychological journals: The fate of published articles, submitted again. The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Vol .5, pp.187255. Syrett, Kristen L. & Rudner, Lawrence M. (1996). Authorship Ethics. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, Vol.5.No.1. Thompson, B. (1995). Publishing your research results: Some suggestions and counsel. Journal of Counseling and Development, Vol.73, pp.342345 Wilkinson, L. and Task Force on Statistical Inference (1999). Statistical Methods in Psychology Journals: Guidelines and Explanations. American Psychologist, Vol.54.No.8

Notes http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literature_review www.google.com Biographical Notes

1. X had received name of the degree from university name. Presently he/she is working as designation at present institution name, city, and country. He/she has x years of industrial/academic experience along with the x years of research work (if any). His/her area of interest includes Email:xx@xx.com (maximum should be in 3 line with single line spacing, font size 9, font style Times New Roman. 2. Y had received name of the degree from university name. Presently he/she is working as designation at present institution name, city, and country. He/she has x years of industrial/academic experience along with the x years of research work (if any). His/her area of interest includes Email:xx@xx.com (maximum should be in 3 line with single line spacing, font size 9, font style Times New Roman. 3. Z had received name of the degree from university name. Presently he/she is working as designation at present institution name, city, and country. He/she has x years of industrial/academic experience along with the x years of research work (if any). His/her area of interest includes Email:xx@xx.com (maximum should be in 3 line with single line spacing, font size 9, font style Times New Roman