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Yogurt Lab Yvonne Do Ajju MIC 206 Tuesday & Thursday 1:30-2:55 15 April 2013

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Abstract: The purpose of this lab was to discover how to make the best yogurt using milk and a yogurt culture. It was hypothesized that the Yoplait would create the best yogurt at room temperature. It was discovered that Yoplait original yogurt at 1 part milk 4 parts yogurt is optimal for yogurt production. Although in serial dilution, the sample with the smallest dilution factor should have the least amount of bacteria, the opposite was true in the results. The sample plated with a dilution factor of 10-12 had the most amount of bacteria at 294 colonies of streptococcus. Introduction: Bacteria plays a large part in the production of many foods, one of which is yogurt. Lactobacilli and streptococcus is commonly found in yogurt. Yogurt has gained a reputation for being healthy and helping with the digestive system. The bacteria found in yogurt is responsible for these effects. One of the interesting things about yogurt is that it can be made at home. Materials and Methods: Firstly, a plan for the lab was devised and it was decided that two different types of yogurts, Yoplait original vanilla flavored yogurt and Greek Gods honey flavored Greek yogurt, would be tested at varying ratios of milk to yogurt and one sample would be incubated at a different temperature than the rest. The milk used was Whole Shamrock Farms Vitamin D milk. There were two control samples of milk at room temperature and another at 37 C. The results were then qualitatively assessed. A serial dilution was then performed using the yogurt with the best qualitative results according to the Lab manual and the results quantitatively examined (1). Results:

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Yogurt production results


Tube Composition Ratio Temperature Viscosity Smell Adhesion Homogenous Color Texture

(milk:yogurt) (C) Control just milk #1 Control just milk #2 Test tube #2 Test tube #3 Test tube #4 Test tube #5 Test tube #6 Test milk and greek yogurt milk and greek yogurt milk and greek yogurt milk and yoplait original milk and yoplait original milk and 1 to 4 25 5 1 5 1 white solid 1 to 2 25 5 2 4.5 1.5 white thick solid 1 to 1 25 5 1 4.5 1.5 white thick solid little liquid 1 to 4 25 5 5 4.5 1.5 white solid with a little liquid 1 to 2 25 5 5 5 1 to 1 25 4 5 2 4 white thick bottom with liquid chunks 1 white solid NA 25 1 4.5 5 NA 37 2 3.5 5 1 white creamy liquid 1 white liquid

Do 4 tube #7 Test tube #8 yoplait original milk and yoplait original 1 to 1 37 4 1 3 3 white thick chunks some liquid

Viscosity 1- Milk 3 yogurt 5 solid Smell 1 good 3 - no smell 5 - bad Adhesion 1 - not stuck 5 - stuck Homogenous 1- Uniform

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5 - separated Serial dilution results Dilution 10-7 Factor LSD TSA 72 strep 8 yellow 1 fungus 28 flat milky 300 tiny white OCD 7.2E10 / / 15 strep 1 yellow 2 flat white 211 tiny white 10 strep 1 pink wrinkly 1 yellow 113 tiny white 8 strep 2 flat milky 1 pink wrinkly 1 yellow dome 26 tiny white / / 2.94E16 5 strep 16 tiny white 294 strep 1 yellow 9 tiny white 10-8 10-9 10-10 10-11 10-12

Discussion: According to the results of this lab, 4 parts of Yoplait original vanilla flavored yogurt in 1 part milk at room temperature created the best yogurt. It was observed that the Greek yogurt created a sour smelling sample of yogurt. This may be because the Greek yogurt used was honey flavored. Honey is known to inhibit microbial growth. For the results of the serial dilution, the growth was not what was expected. It was expected for the number of colonies observed at 10-12 dilution would be the smallest however, it turned out to have the largest number of colonies on the LSD plate. It is likely that somewhere along the line, an experimental error occurred. It is possible that the glass rod was still hot when the bacteria was spread on the plate killing some of

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the bacteria. The results for the TSA plates were more in line with what one would expect. The sample with 10-7 dilution factor had the most number of colonies and the sample with the dilution factor of 10-12 had the least number of colonies. Conclusion: Overall, it was discovered that Yoplait original vanilla flavored yogurt at room temperature created the best yogurt. This is in line with what was hypothesized at the beginning of the lab. The results of the serial dilutions on LSD plates were a little strange but that is probably due to spreading bacteria with a hot glass spreader. The results of the serial dilutions on the TSA plates were more in line with what was expected. Bibliography: 1. Leboffe, M. J. , Pierce, B. E. 2010. Microbiology Laboratory Theory & Application. Morton Publishing Company, Englewood, Colorado

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