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Dangerous marine life

Oktiyas Muzaky Luthfi

Notice and tips!

Almost all aquatic life injuries are caused by defensive behavior on the part of the animal. As I tell new divers, don't try to pull eels out of their holes, poke the lobsters, or attempt to ride the stingrays, and you should be just fine. DON'T BOTHER THE FISH AND THEY WON'T BOTHER YOU.

1. Moray Eels - Not Dangerous

Habitat : commonly found sheltering under ledges or inside holes in the reef. Ancaman: New divers may find eels frightening because they have visible sharp teeth and because they hang around with their mouths open as if they are about to bite. Facts: This behavior, which may look like an eel is threatening divers, is really just a way for the eel to pump water across its gills to breathe. Tips aman: Give moray eels space and they pose no threat.

Reefbuilder.com and coralbyst.com

2. Coral - Dangerous If Touched

Habitat : almost in shallow to deep waters (1-30m) Ancaman:
A coral head is composed of a hard (sometimes sharp) limestone support covered by thousands of tiny coral animals. A diver who contacts the reef may be cut by the sharp limestone or stung by coral polyps. Depending upon the species of coral, these injuries range from minor scratches to stinging welts. Not only is contact with coral dangerous to divers, contact with divers is dangerous to coral. Even the gentlest touch of a diver's fin or hand may kill delicate coral polyps. A diver who touches the reef does more damage to the coral than the coral does to him. Tips: Of course, a diver can avoid coral injuries completely by maintaining good buoyancy and awareness in order to stay clear of the reef.

3. Stingrays - Not Dangerous

Habitat : Common stingray behavior includes the stingray burying itself in the sand (camouflaging itself) and beating the sand with its wings and nose (the stingray is looking for food). Ancaman : A stingray's sharply pointed stinger may frighten new divers. Facts : Stingrays will occasionally swim calmly beneath divers. This is not threatening behavior, but a a sign that the stingray is relaxed an unafraid. Tips: A stingray will only sting a diver as a last, desperate defense. Never trap, grab, or press on a stingray's back. Allow stingrays space and the opportunity to escape and they pose no threat.

http://photography.nationalgeographic.com

4. Jellyfish - Dangerous But Rare

Habitat : Swim entire waters and flowing with current Ancaman: The danger with jellyfish is that they frequently have long transparent tentacles that are difficult to spot. A diver may accidentally swim into a jellyfish's tentacles if he does not see them. Facts: jellyfish do not attack divers. Tips :
Before diving in a new location, a diver should talk to local divers Most jellyfish stings can be avoided by wearing a full wetsuit or dive skin to prevent inadvertent contact with the tentacles. Vinegar as immediate first aide for a jellyfish sting. Vinegar has two primary benefits - to minimize pain and discomfort, and to stop the delivery of jellyfish venom.

Logos.co

5. Lobsters and Crabs - Not Dangerous

Habitat : bottom of substrate or hidden in coral Ancaman: Lobsters and crabs have powerful claws for crushing prey (such as clams) and for defense. Fact : Their claws are not for pinching divers. As divers are not typical lobster/crab prey, a diver need not fear these crustaceans' claws unless he is threatening the animal. Tips : A diver who does not attempt to extract lobsters or crabs from the reef, but simply enjoys observing these colorful creatures from a respectful distance will not be pinched.

6. Sharks - Not Dangerous Unless You Feed Them

Habitat : coloumn of sea water until estuary Ancaman : Sharks are probably the most misunderstood creatures in the ocean. Sharks are aggressive predators, but scuba divers are not their natural prey. Facts: Most sharks appear shyly curious if they encounter divers underwater. Something about a diver's noisy bubbles and bugeyed mask must scare them off. The few shark-related diving injuries I know about occurred when scuba divers were feeding sharks. Tips : When fed (especially by hand) sharks sometimes become frenzied and may mistakenly nibble a diver. For this reason, divers should never feed sharks or other marine life without the supervision of a knowledgable professional. Is Scuba Diving With Sharks Dangerous?

reefguide.org http://carlchapman.photoshelter.com

7. Damselfish - Aggressive, But Not Dangerous

Habitat: In coral Ancaman : With all the ugly, toothy, and spiny fish in the sea, the last fish a diver may be expecting to attack is the damselfish. Facts: Damselfish are relatively small (about 3-5 inches in general) and sometimes very pretty. Damselfish are dedicated gardeners, tending a small algal patch which provides their food. If a diver violates the damselfish's territory, the angry little fish will aggressively nip at the diver. Tips: Perhaps the most aggressive of the damselfish is the Sergeant Major, becomes very defensive when tending eggs.

8. Sea Urchins - Dangerous to Touch

Habitat : bottom of sediment Ancaman :
Sea urchin spines are sharp and brittle, and can easily penetrate a wetsuit and break off under a diver's skin. In addition, certain species of sea urchins defend themselves by injecting a painful venom into creatures that touch or attack them.

Facts : Like coral, sea urchins do not pose a danger to conscientious, controlled divers. Tips: As long as a diver is careful to touch nothing while underwater, he can be certain to avoid a sea urchin sting.

richard-seaman.com

9. Triggerfish - Dangerous
Habitat : Surrounding coral reef Ancaman: These fish have been known to seriously injure divers, and are not to be taken lightly (Titan Triggerfish). Facts : Some species of triggerfish are friendly, and others defend their territory against intruders. An example of a highly aggressive triggerfish is the Titan Triggerfish. Titan Triggerfish are found in the Indo-Pacific. They are quite large -- over a foot long -- and have specialized teeth and powerful jaws. Titan Triggerfish will defend their nests and territory violently, biting and butting at intruders. Tips: Stay with the dive guide and follow his advice. In many cases guides can help divers to avoid dangerous triggerfish territories.

10. Remoras - Annoying But Not Dangerous

Habitat: Remoras are large, gray, parasitic fish usually found stuck to the sides of sharks, manta rays, and other large species.
They simply attach to the larger animal and hitch a ride. While attached to a host, remoras snack on scraps of meals and waste matter from the larger creature. In some cases, remoras will clean bacteria and small parasites from the host.

Ancaman: Unattached remoras can make themselves obnoxious to divers. Remoras have been known to attach to a diver's tank or body. However, a remora that attaches directly to a diver's skin may scrape him. Tips:
As long as the diver is covered by a wetsuit, the remora does no harmThis is yet another reason to wear a full wetsuit or dive skin. A remora can usually be frightened away by purging a regulator alternate air source in its face.

11. Barracuda - Generally Not Dangerous

Habitat: in column of water Ancaman : This fish looks scary to many divers -- it has a mouth full of sharp, protruding teeth and moves at lightening speed. However, barracuda attacks on scuba divers are extremely rare. Facts:
As with most aquatic life injuries, barracuda attacks are almost always either defensive or mistaken. A human who attempts to spearfish a barracuda and misses or only injures the animal may find himself on the receiving end of defensive action. A person who feeds a barracuda or other fish near a barracuda may get nipped accidentally.

Tips: There are also unconfirmed stories of barracudas mistaking reflective or sparkling objects for prey - such as diamond rings and shiny jewelry. Leave jewelry on the surface, and don't hunt or feed these fish and they should pose no danger.

12. Lionfish - Dangerous to Touch

Habitat: Coral reef Ancaman : As with many other spiny fish species, lionfish spines release a powerful neurotoxin when touched. The sting of a lionfish is excruciatingly painful, and may lead to severe allergic reactions. Facts: In the Atlantic, increasing numbers of divers attempt to remove invasive lionfish from the reef because they are disrupting the food chain..

13. Humans - Dangerous

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References
http://www.oahu-diving.com/ http://scuba.about.com/bio/Natalie-Gibb70567.htm

TERIMA KASIH