Proses penyearahan : Selama polaritas + dari V1 (dari 0): dioda D3 lebih dahulu ON karena V3 lebih + dari V1 (dari 0/6), selanjutnya mulai /6-5/6 dioda D1 ON, tetapi p karena V2 lebih + dari V1 saat 5/6- maka D2 ON, dan seterusnya.
the rms current in each transformer secondary winding can also be found as
Prosespenyearahan :
D1, D3, dan D5 akan ON jika anoda terhubung dengan tegangan fasa tertinggi saat itu. Da, D4, atau D6 akan ON jika katoda terhubung dengan tegangan fasa terendah saat itu. D1 dan D4, D3 dan D6, D2 dan D5 tidak boleh ON secara bersamaan. Tegangan luaran pada beban dihasilkan dari tegangan line sumber. Dioda ON secara berpasangan (6,1), (1,2), (2,3), (3,4), (4,5), (5,6), (6,1),. Jadi, dioda ON dengan urutan 1,2,3,4,5,6,1,
Single thyristor rectifier with: (a) resistive-inductive load; and (b) active load.
Rectifier for an R - L load. When the thyristor is turned ON ON, the voltage across the inductance is
Tegangan luaran (output) efektif, Vo,rms dan Arus luaran efektif, Io,rms :
V o , rms = E rms = V m
sin 2 + 4 2
1/ 2
cos
Jika dipasang Jik di DIODE KOMUTASI yang dihubungkan dih b k paralel l l dengan d beban b b RL, RL maka:
Vm
Vo , DC = Edc =
(1 + cos )
Single phase bridge rectifier: (a) fully controlled; and Single-phase (b) half controlled.
This picture shows the voltage and current waveforms of the fully controlled bridge rectifier for a resistive load. Thyristors T1 and T2 must be fired simultaneously during the positive half wave of the source voltage vs so as to allow conduction of current. Alternatively, thyristors T3 and T4 must be fired simultaneously during the negative half wave of the source voltage. To ensure simultaneous firing, thyristors T1 and T2 use the same firing signal. The load voltage is similar to the voltage lt obtained bt i d with ith th the biphase bi h half-wave rectifier. Waveforms of a fully controlled bridge rectifier with resistive load. The input current is given by
The high-load inductance generates a perfectly filtered current and the rectifier behaves like a current source. With continuous load current, thyristors T1 and T2 remain in the on-state beyond the positive half-wave of the source voltage vs . For this reason, the load voltage vd can have a negative instantaneous value. value The firing of thyristors T3 and T4 has two effects: i) they turn off thyristors T1 and T2; and ii) after the commutation they conduct the load current. This is the main reason why this type of converter is called a naturally naturally commutated commutated or line line commutated commutated rectifier. rectifier The supply current is has the square waveform for continuous conduction.
The current waveforms shown above are useful for designing the power transformer. Starting from
where a is the secondary to primary turn relation of the transformer. On the other hand, a relation between the currents is also obtainable.
and
The meaning of above equation is that the power transformer has to be oversized 21% at the primary side, and 48% at the secondary side. Then, a special transformer has to be built for this rectifier. In terms of average VA, the transformer needs to be 35% larger that the rating of the dc load. The larger rating of the secondary respect to primary is because the secondary carries a dc component inside the windings. Besides, the transformer is oversized because the circulation of current harmonics, which do not generate active power. The core saturation, due to the dc components inside the secondary y windings, g , also needs to be taken in account for iron oversizing.
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