Code No: T0221

SET - 1

II B.Tech II Semester (R07) Regular/Supply Examinations, Apr- 2010

POWER SYSTEM - I
(Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks Max Marks: 80

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Draw the schematic diagram of a modern thermal power station and explain its operation a) Discuss various factors associated with rapid growth of nuclear power industry b) Describe the construction and use of nuclear reactor core a) Discuss briefly various electrical distribution systems b) A D.C. two-wire distributor of length 1000 m is loaded uniformly at 2 A/m run. The distributor is fed at one end at 220 volt. Determine (i) the voltage drop at a distance 250m from the feeding station and (ii) voltage drop at the far end. The loop resistance is 3x 10-5 /m.

4 . A single-phase distributor has loop resistance of 0.3 and a reactance of 0.4. The far end of the distributor has a load current of 100A and a power factor 0.8 lagging at 220 V. The midpoint Q of the distributor has a load current of 50 A at power factor 0.9 lagging with reference to voltage Q. Determine the sending end voltage and power. 5 a) What are the merits and demerits of indoor substations over outdoor substations? b) Briefly discuss the classification of substations a) Explain the function of a synchronous phase modifier placed at the receiving end of the transmission line b) A 3-Phase, 50 Hz, 3000 V motor develops 600 HP, the p.f being 0.75 lagging and the efficiency 0.95. A bank of capacitors is connected in delta across the supply terminals and the p.f raised to 0.98 lagging. Each of the capacitance units is built of five similar 600 V capacitors. Determine capacitance of each capacitor

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Code No: T0221

SET - 1

a) Explain the significance of daily load curve b) A central station supplied energy to two sub stations A and B; Four feeders take off from each of the sub-stations. The maximum demands are as given below. Central station: 10 MW Sub station A: 6 MW Sub station B: 8 MW Feeders on substation A: 1.50, 2.0, 5.0, 3.0 MW Feeders on substation B: 2.0, 4.0, 5.0, 1.0 MW Calculate the diversity factors between (i) Sub stations, (ii) Feeders on sub stations A and (iii) Feeders on substation B. a) Explain the various costs of electrical energy b) Calculate the number of units to be consumed so that the annual bill on the basis of two part tariff is same for the following data Maximum demand = 15 kW Two part tariff Rs.1,000 per annum per kW of maximum demand plus Rs. 1.6 per unit consumed. Flat rate tariff Rs. 2.5 per unit

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Code No: T0221

SET - 2

II B.Tech II Semester (R07) Regular/Supply Examinations, Apr- 2010

POWER SYSTEM - I
(Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks Max Marks: 80

1. 2.

Explain the important components of a thermal power station a) What is a nuclear reactor? Describe briefly various components of a nuclear reactor b) Draw the schematic diagram of a nuclear power station and discuss its operation a) Discuss the relative merits and demerits of DC distribution and AC distribution systems. b) A two-wire distributor is fed at F1 and F2 at 230 V and 220 V respectively. Loads of 150 A and 100 A are taken at points P and Q. Resistance of both the conductors between F1P is 0.03, between PQ is 0.05 and between QF2 is 0.02. Determine the current in each section of the distributor and voltage at each load point. A single phase line (PQR) of length 3 km has resistance and reactance (go and return) as 0.05 and 0.2 ohms / km. P is the feeding point, Q is the mid point of the line taking a load of 50A at 0.707 p.f. lag and R is the far end taking a load of 100 A at UPF. The voltage at the far end R is 230V. Determine the voltage at the sending end and the phase angle difference between the voltages of two ends. If i) power factors of the loads are with reference to far end voltage ii) power factors of the loads are with reference to the voltages at the load points. a) Briefly discuss the classification of substations b) Explain the single bus bar system with sectionalization and list their merits and demerits a) Describe off load and on load tap changing transformers b) A 3 phase, 50 Hz, 400 V motor develops 100 H.P., the p.f. being 0.7 lag and efficiency 93%. A bank of capacitors is connected in delta across the supply terminals and p.f. is raised to 0.95 lag. Each of the capacitance units is built of 4 similar 100 V capacitors. Determine the capacitance of each capacitor.

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Code No: T0221

SET - 2

a) Discuss the difference between load curve and load duration curve b) A certain power station annual load duration curve is a straight line from 20 MW to 7MW. To meet this load, three turbine-generator units, two rated at 12 MW each and one rated at 8 MW are installed. Calculate the following (i) Installed capacity (ii) Plant factor (iii) Units generated per annum (iv) Utilization factor a) What are the factors influencing the formulation of tariff b) The data of a power station as follows: Installed capacity =200 MW Capital cost = Rs. 350 106 Rate of interest and depreciation = 20% Annual cost of fuel oil, salaries and taxation = Rs. 40 106 Load factor = 0.5 Determine the cost of generation and cost of saving per kWh if the annual load factor is raised to 0.6.

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Code No: T0221

SET - 3

II B.Tech II Semester (R07) Regular/Supply Examinations, Apr- 2010

POWER SYSTEM - I
(Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks 1. a) Discuss various factors which affects the selection of site for a thermal power plant b) Describe with a neat sketch the construction, principle of operation and application of an economizer Draw a typical layout of a gas turbine power plant and describe the function of different components of this plant a) Prove that the total voltage drop in a uniformly loaded distributor fed at one end is equal to the drop produced by the whole load assumed contracted at the midpoint of the distributor b) A D.C. two wire distributor F1F2 is fed at both ends at the same voltage of 220 Volt. The length of the distributor is 250 m and the loads tapped off from the end F1 are: Distance in meter: 50 75 100 150 Load in amps : 10 40 30 25 The resistance per kilometer of both distributors is 0.2 ohms. Find (i) the current in each section and (ii) the voltage at each load point. A 3 - phase ring distributor PQRS, fed from the end P at 11 kV, supplies balanced loads of 40 A at 0.85 pf lag at Q, 60A at 0.8 pf lag at R and 50a at UPF at S, the load currents being referred to the voltage at P. The impedances of the sections PQ, QR, RS and SP are (3+5j),(2+j2), (4+j5) & (1+j3) respectively. Calculate the currents in various sections and bus bar voltages at Q,R and S a) What are the merits and demerits of GIS substations b) Explain the main and transfer bus bar system with circuit diagram a) Why voltage control is required in power systems? Mention the different methods of voltage control employed in power system b) A single phase system supplies the following loads i) Light load of 50 kW at unity power factor ii) Induction motor load of 125 kW at p.f. 0.707 lagging iii) Synchronous motor load of 75 kW at p.f 0.9 leading iv) Other miscellaneous loads of 25 kW at p.f. 0.8 lagging Determine the total kW and kVA delivered by the system and p.f at which it works 1 of 2 Max Marks: 80

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Code No: T0221

SET - 3

a) Explain the significance of load factor and diversity factor b) Calculate diversity factor and annual load factor of a generating station supplies loads to various consumers as follows: Industrial consumer = 1500kW; Commercial establishment = 7500kW Domestic power = 100kW; Domestic light = 400kW And assume the maximum demand on the station is 2500kW and the number of units produced per year is 40 10 5 . a) What are the various types of tariff and explain the Two-part tariff method b) A customer takes a constant load of 200kW at a p.f. of 0.85 lagging for 12 hours per day and 365 days per annum. Calculate the annual payment under each of the following tariffs. (i) Rs.1.3 per kWh + Rs.1,000 per kVA per annum (ii) Rs.1.25 per kWh + Rs.1,000 per kW per annum + 30 paise per kVArh.

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Code No: T0221

SET - 4

II B.Tech II Semester (R07) Regular/Supply Examinations, Apr- 2010

POWER SYSTEM - I
(Electrical and Electronics Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks Max Marks: 80

1.

a ) Discuss and compare the performance of different types of boilers used in thermal power plants b) Explain with the help of a neat diagram, working of a feed water supply system a) What is half period of a radioactive material and explain its significance b) Explain clearly how the operation of nuclear reactor is controlled for generation of electrical power a) Compare underground distribution systems with over head distribution systems b) A two wire 400 m long distributor is loaded as follows: Meters from feeding point : 100 200 275 325 400 Load in ampere : 25 10 30 50 20 8 If the resistivity of conductor is 1.5 x 10 -m, what must be the cross-section of each conductor, in order that the voltage drop may not exceed 10 volt. A single phase two wire feeder 1 km long supplying a load of 50 A at 0.707 p.f lag. 35A at 0.8 p.f lag and 60 A at 0.9 p.f lag at distance of 250m, 500m and 1000m respectively from the feeding end. The resistance and reactance of the feeder per km length are 0.05 and 0.2 ohms respectively of the voltage at the far end to be maintained 230V. Determine the voltage at the receiving end voltage? a) Compare air insulated substations with gas insulated substations b) Explain the single bus bar arrangement with neat sketch and what are its merits as well as demerits a) Explain the method of improving power factor by using synchronous condenser. Discuss its merits and demerits. b) A single circuit 3-phase, 220kV, line runs at no load. Voltage at the receiving end of the line is 205kV. Find the sending end voltage, if the line has resistance of 20 ohms, reactance of 85 ohms and the total succeptance of 5.3210-4 mho. The transmission line is to be represented by -model. 1 of 2

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Code No: T0221

SET - 4

a) Define the following (i) Load factor, (ii) demand factor, (iii) diversity factor, (iv) plant capacity factor and (v) utilization factor b) A power station is to feed four regions of load whose peak loads are 10MW, 5MW, 14MW and 6 MW. The diversity factor at the station is 1.3 and the average annual load factor is 60%, determine the (i) maximum demand on the station (ii) Annual energy supplied by the station and (iii)suggest the installed capacity. a) Explain the various types of power factor tariff methods b) A power station has got maximum demand of 40 MW with annual load factor is 60%. Determine the cost per kWh generated from the following data: Capital cost = Rs. 80 10 5 , annual cost of fuel & oil = Rs 8 10 5 and taxes, wages & salaries = Rs 5 10 5 and the rate of interest and depreciation is 12% .

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