Demo Report For Partial Discharge Testing New Revised Malaysia

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Hoestar Reliability Instruments Sdn Bhd (693347-T) CT-04-07, Subang Square Business Centre Jalan SS 15/4G, Subang Jaya 47500 Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia Email: hoestar@streamyx.com Tel: 02-03-56326832 Fax: 02-03-56376832
PARTIAL DISCHARGE MEASUREMENT SAMPLE REPORT FOR ABC COMPANY PTE LTD ON 19TH NOVEMBER 2004
Report Prepared : 19th November 2004 Tested By : Lim Chee Meng Certified Infrared Thermographer
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COMPANY PROFILE
We are a specialist company providing Equipment Condition Inspection services for the benefits of our customers in Singapore and the region for the past 10 years. We have been successful in working with our clients on providing a one-stop solution to their various needs and problems in Condition Monitoring and Maintenance. We can provide non-invasive testing of airconditioning systems, mechanical and electrical installations using proven methods of infrared, partial discharge testing, vibration analysis & motor signature test for customers at reasonable cost. Also, we have been involved in the fight against SARS by providing SARS fever detection services to various organizations in Singapore. To further enhance our ties with customers such as you and to further develop our infrared, vibration analysis and other reliable condition monitoring techniques, we would be happy to work with you by providing the relevant training and sharing of our experience and expertise necessary to help you extend your expensive equipment life. We can detect early problems in equipment before damage occurs, and provide other support services through the use of innovative techniques and equipment. All these have been done with one very important objective of assisting you in managing your costly equipment and reduce downtime due to equipment failure and reduce expensive replacement of equipment. The benefits to you, our valued customers, are immeasurable. Not only do you get see the results of our work by having to spend less on equipment maintenance but also machine utilization is maximized as well. To be Asias leading Equipment Condition Inspection Specialist and other related services provider by providing high quality value-added products and services to meet the rising needs of our customers in the region. To provide the best and reliable inspection service to customers in the region. Infrared Thermography Inspection for the Low Voltage Electrical System, Building Faade and Mechanical Equipment Partial Discharge Testing with Spectrum Analyzer for High Voltage Equipment of more than 3.3KV without the need to shut down AHU Performance Management Program Condition Monitoring with Maintenance Vibration Analysis and Diagnostic for rotating equipment. Motor Signature Test for Low Voltage Motors of less than 600V EMI (electromagnetic inference) Measurement & Solutions Power Quality Analysis & Solutions
INTRODUCTION

OUR BUSINESS
OUR VISION
OUR MISSION
They are as follows:-
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Name of the Company
Hoestar Inspection International Pte Ltd Hoestar PD Technology Pte Ltd Hoestar Reliability Instruments Sdn Bhd Leong Weng Hoe Certified Thermographer Level II Certified Vibration Specialist Level II
Managing Director
Our Place Of Business
SINGAPORE Established 3rd July 1991 5A Siang Kuang Avenue, Singapore 347923
Tel: 64881603 Fax: 62819477 MALAYSIA Established 1st June 2005 CT-04-07, Subang Square Business Centre Jalan SS15/4G, Subang Jaya 47500 Petaling Jaya Selangor Darul Eshan, Malaysia Tel: 03-56326832 Fax: 03-56376832 12 with 4 Certified Thermographers Inframetrics PM 350 1 in No. (for Infrared Inspection) FLIR PM675 1 in No. (for Infrared Inspection) MTech PM200 1 in No, (for Infrared Inspection) Ultrasound SDT 100 1 in No. (for Ultrasound Inspection & Partial Discharge Testing in HV equipment) Partial Discharge Analysis proprietary Analytical Software Spectrum Analyser 1 in No. ( for Partial Discharge Testing in HV equipment) Entek IRD DataPAC 1500 Analyser /Data Collector - 1 in No. (for Vibration Analysis Inspection) Motor Current Analyser Kit 1 in No. (for Motor Analysis Inspection)
Staff Strength Equipment Used
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Services
To provide: a) Advanced Vibration Diagnostics and Motor Signature Analysis of rotating equipment e.g., AC motors, turbines, compressors, Chillers, Pumps b) Advanced Infrared Thermography of: Electrical System: i) LV Transformers ii) Sub Station 3.3KV & below iii) Main Switch Boards iv) Bus Ducts v) Chiller Switch Boards vi) Sub Boards Building: i) Facades falling tiles moisture ingress and energy loss ii) Roof Inspection for leaks Mechanical Equipment: i) Furnaces ii) Refractories iii) Chiller & Steam Pipes iv) Rotating Equipment bearings & motors v) Heat Exchanger corrosion leak detection c) To provide Partial Discharge Testing using Ultrasound & Spectrum Analyser for High Voltage Equipment of more than 3.3 KV without the need to shut down. Use of PD Test to check Oil Quality before Oil Test. d) AHU Performance Management Program Condition Monitoring with Maintenance.
Training
a) b) c) d)
Basic and Advanced Vibration Analysis Infrared Thermography Precision shaft alignment In-house training for Vibration Analysis, Thermography e) Partial Discharge Testing Certification.
Infrared
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Partial Discharge Testing-DO YOU NEED IT?

Oct 2002
Written by Leong Weng Hoe,
Partial Discharge Test

Because of the problems mentioned above, Hoestar Inspection International Pte Ltd in consultation with A/Prof S Birlasekaran, an expert in Partial Discharges in High Voltage Distribution,have developed a reliable, accurate and effective method in detecting the presence of partial discharges . This technique can identify the various types of discharge present and determine their severity. This is done through the use of proprietary software and hardware. With a powerful scopemeter and probe, waveforms of the partial discharges present are converted to spectrums and analysed. With Spectrum and Waveforms Analysis, we are able to:i. ii. iii. iv. v. Identify type of discharges present Determine severity of the discharge Determine true magnitude of discharge present as interference is removed Verify the measurements produced by the PDL-01 Verify the measurements produced by Ultrasound Detectors Detect any discharges in noisy environment where Ultrasound Detectors cannot be used. Detect and identify early onset of discharge in HV equipment. Locate the source of discharge.
whleong@hoestarinsp.com.sg
HOESTAR INSPECTION INTERNATIONAL PTE LTD
INTRODUCTION:
A number of users with high tension equipment such as HV Switchgears ,transformers and motors have rightly or wrongly assume that Partial Discharges do not occur in their systems. However from our work done ,it can be shown that partial discharges do and are occurring in all HV equipment though their magnitudes are usually very small .However they can change because of the following factors; a)Environment b)Manufacturing Defects c)Electrical, Thermal and Mechanical Stresses d)Poor maintenance e)Poor equipment design From our field work there are many instances of partial discharge occurring due to the above factors. As a result, massive losses had resulted from equipment failure. Most of the time this can be prevented if the correct and proper testing had been used.
1] Yu Ming and S Birlasekaran, Characterization of partial discharge signals using wavelet and statistical techniques, Proc. of the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation, Boston, MA, USA, April,2002, pp 9-13.
vi.
vii.
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viii.
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DIAGNOSTIC PARTIAL DISCHARGE MEASUREMENT SUMMARY

1. The Diagnostic Partial Discharge Measurement was carried out for ABC COMPANY Pte on 10th December 2004. The details of the PD Measurement readings are indicated in the attached report. 2. The method of analysis being used will provide a more comprehensive understanding of partial discharge detection and analysis as compared to previous analysis. Please note that the methods used here are in conformance with international acceptable practice for partial discharge analysis. Yorkshire SWGR 22KV, Main Substation, Panel 11 In the course of our inspection, hissing sound was heard emanating from the rear of the Panel 11 in the Main Substation. Thereafter a thorough measurement was made to verify if the sound is the result of partial discharges occurring on the conductors within the switchgear panel. Please see details in report. Would suggest an urgent shutdown for service as breakdown voltage could occur when the right conditions are present.
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DIAGNOSTIC PARTIAL DISCHARGE MEASUREMENT FOR HIGH TENSION SWITCHGEAR Date : 10 December 2004 Client : ABC COMPANY Page : 1 of 1 Time : 1500Hrs Location : Main Substation Floor : 1st Storey Voltage : 22 KV Brand / Type : Yorkshire Switchgear / Oil Dry Test Instrument Partial Discharge Analyser HT SWITCHGEAR PANEL
B
BACK Environmental Reading:
Location of Sensor
Panel No. Partial Discharge Measurement (mV) BACK T B 234 800
Status X
Panel No. 11
Legend: = Acceptable Level

X = Unacceptable Level NOP = Not Operating
Remark:
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Customer Date Location Equipment 10 /12/ 2004 Main Substation 22KV SWBD Panel 11
ABC COMPANY
Time Level Brand / Type 15:00 PM 1st Storey
Yorkshire / Dry Type
Remarks : No significant cavity discharge detected for Panel 12 during this measurement.
Remarks : Corona discharges detected with some pulses occurring at very high magnitude.
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Customer Date Location Equipment 10 /12/ 2004 Main Substation 22KV SWBD Panel 11
ABC COMPANY
Time Level Brand / Type 15:00 PM 1st Storey
Yorkshire / Dry Type
Corona
Remarks: Significant Corona Partial discharges are detected within this panel.
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Equipment: Yorkshire YSR6 Switchgear 22kV. Main Incoming

Rear Panel R Y B Terminations
Skirting Cable
3 core cable joint
Type of discharge: Corona PD max magnitude: 16V
Section A
Section B
Skirting Conductor
Skirting Gap ~ 0.5mm
Discharge present between skirting & cable insulation due to dust ingress in gap.
Plan View Charring found on surface as a result of corona discharge
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HIGH CORONA PARTIAL DISCHARGE
CORONA DISCHARGE @ 21mV,25.11 MHZ DETECTED for 22 KV SWITCHGEAR
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CAVITY DISCHARGE 6.6 KV CABLE 3 CORE
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Transformer Surface Discharge
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Customer Date Location Equipment
ABC Company Pte Ltd 12 / 10 / 2005 Time Arc Furnace Room Level 33 KV Reactor Brand / Type
1713 hrs 1st Storey - / Oil
Remarks : Minor partial discharges on the corona (derive from the pattern below) are detected within this transformer. The max. PD magnitude for 1 pd pulse is 1726mV after eliminating the surrounding noise.
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Remarks : Density of the Partial discharges on corona (derive from the pattern above) are shown above with max. number of pulses detected at 51
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PD PAC Spectrum Analyzer Specifications

Description Casing (Weight) Trolley (Weight) (Optional) Casing (Dimensions) Trolley (Dimensions) Casing material Electrical Power Input Acquisition Signal inputs Digital Signal Recording Performance Approximately 13 kg Approximately 14 kg L (49),W (28), H (10.8) cm L (51),W (50), H (91.3) cm Steel casing 2 X laptop battery (12V, 10 AmpHr) 1 X lithium battery (16V, 8 AmpHr) for internal apparatus 1 X metal hydride (12V, 1.4 AmpHr) for PD sensor 25 mV to 25 V input range
Wideband pulse measurement (100Mhz) Sampling rate 100MS/s Large internal storage buffer (32MB) 40 GB hardisk with 3 USB ports for greater storage capability Computing and processing Ultra fast 1.7Ghz Centrino laptop, 2M cache & 512M DDR2 R Dual Batteries operation for longer operating time unit Fast Data PCI transfer rate (32MB/S) Sensors 1) Capacitive sensor 100 MHz bandwidth. Ultra sensitive to detect PD signal as low as 2.5mV with amplification 2) High Frequency Current Transformer (HFCT) Output sensitivity in 0.5 V/A Maximum current (rms) 5A Rise time 0.7 ns High cut-off frequency (-3db) 500 MHz Software Data Acquisition software (exe file) Data analysis software (exe file) All specifications are subject to change without prior notice
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NON-INTRUSIVE PARTIAL DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS 1. INTRODUCTION Partial discharges in high voltage metal-clad switchgear or transformers can result in catastrophic failure of the individual plant and in some cases of the substation. Therefore, there has been a need for detection and location of the damaging discharges without the plant or substation being taken out of service. The conventional partial discharge detection technique requires either the use of Infrared Thermography or Ultrasound which requires the panels to be opened in order to see any thermal anomaly generated by Partial Discharge activity or to hear them. The PD Pac has been designed to fulfil this important requirement. The PD Pac uses the principle of ElectroMagnetic Wave (EM) measurement. The PD Pac is a portable instrument used to survey high voltage switchboards and transformers while live without endangering the lives of the PD Specialists. 2. ELECTRO MAGNETIC WAVE MEASUREMENT (EM) TECHNIQUE If a partial discharge occurs in the phase to earth insulation of a conductor in a high voltage system such as metalclad switchgear, a Partial Discharge current pulse will flow on the surface of the conductor and the metal cladding. This current will generate an EM wave which will penetrate through the metal cladding to be detected by the EM sensor of the measuring system. Advantages of TEV Technique: Non-invasive diagnostic technique Measurement can be made on live equipment No switching of power system is required No high voltage test source is required No need for a sanction for test
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Figure 1 is a simplified cross section showing just one phase of a high voltage busbar with a gasketed joint on the left hand side.
PD PAC & MONITOR
Figure 1 : Transient Earth Voltage Detection of Partial Discharge Activity. Electromagnetic Sensor (EM Sensor) When partial discharge occurs, Partial Discharge (PD) of very short duration (in a few nanoseconds) current pulses will flow along the metal cladding or on the skin of the conductor. This current will then generate both electric or magnetic field and emits electromagnetic radiation known as Electromagnetic wave (EM wave). This EM wave will either penetrate through the metal cladding or propagate through an opening in the metal cladding. When Partial Discharge is sensed using this Electromagnetic sensor, this EM wave will be converted to a voltage signal with a few nanosecond rise time and an amplitude from milivolts to volts. In conclusion, this electromagnetic sensor basically senses for EM wave and acts as a antenna to detect the radiated EM radiation.
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3. CONCLUSIONS
The EM Wave technique is designed for use on metalclad high voltage switchgear and transformers from 3.3KV above containing compound, oil or air insulation. With this method, the higher the voltage the greater is the distance of detection. Therefore it is suitable for Partial Discharge detection in outdoor or indoor high voltage applications. As the EM probes used is sensitive to micro pd discharges, the test can be used to determine the health of high voltage equipment early before damage occurs. Also it will help engineers to decide which equipment is in need of service thus saving companies from downtime losses. In fact if servicing is really warranted, a pre & post pd inspection will go a long way in preventing damage which may occur due to human errors or cavity discharges which is usually not detectable during normal servicing. However, Partial Discharge Test is in no way replace calibration of protection devices for high voltage equipment. From numerous site tests carried out, a severity table for determining the condition of high voltage equipment has been developed to help electrical engineers decide on the next course of action to be taken before failure occurs. Finally, with this test, we can measure the condition of High Voltage equipment while it is in operation without the need to open the panels or shutting it down.
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Demo Report For Partial Discharge Testing New Revised Malaysia

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Demo Report For Partial Discharge Testing New Revised Malaysia

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They are as follows:-

Our Place Of Business

Staff Strength Equipment Used

Partial Discharge Testing-DO YOU NEED IT?

Partial Discharge Test

DIAGNOSTIC PARTIAL DISCHARGE MEASUREMENT SUMMARY

Legend:  = Acceptable Level

Yorkshire / Dry Type

Yorkshire / Dry Type

Equipment: Yorkshire YSR6 Switchgear 22kV. Main Incoming

3 core cable joint

Type of discharge: Corona PD max magnitude: 16V

Skirting Gap ~ 0.5mm

Plan View Charring found on surface as a result of corona discharge

HIGH CORONA PARTIAL DISCHARGE

CORONA DISCHARGE @ 21mV,25.11 MHZ DETECTED for 22 KV SWITCHGEAR

CAVITY DISCHARGE 6.6 KV CABLE 3 CORE

Transformer Surface Discharge

1713 hrs 1st Storey - / Oil

Customer Date Location Equipment

1713 hrs 1st Storey - / Oil

1713 hrs 1st Storey - / Oil

PD PAC Spectrum Analyzer Specifications

PD PAC & MONITOR

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Legend: = Acceptable Level