Feeling hot, hot, hot

modeling with sine waves Checkpoints.

Activity 1: Adelaide Look at the temperature data for Adelaide. 1. What is the highest monthly average, and in what month does it occur? 28.1 C in month 2 (February) 2. What is the lowest monthly average, and in what month does it occur? 14.9 C in month 7 (July) 3. What is the median temperature throughout the year? 21.4 C 4. By how much do the highest and lowest temperatures differ from the median? 28.1 21.4 = 6.7 C 21.4 14.9 = 6.5 C

Copy the values of a, b, c and d into the formula Y = a sin(bx + c) + d. The average maximum temperature in Adelaide, y, is modeled by the formula Y = 6.5 sin(0.5x + 1.0) + 21.5 where x is the time in months since December, so January is x = 1.

Now rewrite this formula as Y = a sin b(x + Cnew) + d Y = 6.5 sin 0.5(x + 2.0) + 21.5

Look again at the values of a, b, Cnew and d. In what ways do they match your answers on page 2? a is the difference between the median temperature and the max or min Cnew is the month with the highest temperature d is the median temperature

Copyright 2007, MJ Pallett

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Feeling hot

Activity 2: Toronto Look at the temperature data for Toronto. 1. What is the highest monthly average, and in what month does it occur? 26.4 C in month 7 (July) 2. What is the lowest monthly average, and in what month does it occur? -1.1 C in month 1 (January) 3. What is the median temperature throughout the year? 12.6 C 4. By how much do the highest and lowest temperatures differ from the median? 26.4 12.6 = 13.8 C 12.6 (-1.1) = 13.7 C

The average maximum temperature in Toronto, y, is modeled by the formula Y = 13.8 sin(0.5x 2.2) + 12.6 where x is the time in months since December, so January is x = 1. We can rewrite this formula as Y = 13.8 sin 0.5(x 4.4) + 12.6 How do these values compare with those you found at the start of Activity 2? a = 13.8 = difference between highest and median Cnew = -4.4 which means 4.4 months before December (ie July/August) d = 12.6 = median temperature

Apply your skills The median value for maximum temperatures in Madrid is 18.3 C. Its warmest month is July, with an average maximum temperature of 31.2 C. Predict a formula to model the average maximum temperature in Madrid. d=18.3 a = 31.2 18.3 = 12.9 Cnew = 7 for July y = 12.9 sin 0.5(x + 7) + 18.3 or y = 12.9 sin (0.5x + 3.5) + 18.3 b= 0.5

Copyright 2007, MJ Pallett

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Feeling hot
Activity 3: Singapore

The average maximum temperature in Singapore, y, is modeled by the formula Y = 0.5 sin(1.1x 2.9) + 30.9 where x is the time in months since December, so January is x = 1.

We can rewrite this formula as Y = 0.5 sin 1.1(x 2.6) + 30.9

Copyright 2007, MJ Pallett

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