Latihan Soal Difusi Padatan

1. A sheet of steel 1, 5 mm thick has nitrogen atmospheres on both sides at

1200C and is permitted to achieve a steady-state diffusion condition. The
diffusion coefficient for nitrogen in steel at this temperature is 6 x 10
-11
m
2
/s,
and the diffusion flux is found to be 1,2 x 10
-7
kg/m
2
s. Also, it is known that
the concentration of nitrogen in the steel at the high pressure surface is 4 kg/m
3
.
How far into the sheet from this high-pressure side will the concentration be 2,0
kg/m
3
? Assume a linear concentration profile.
2. Determine the carburizing time necessary to achieve a carbon concentration of
0.45 wt% at a position 2 mm into an ironcarbon alloy that initially contains
0.20 wt% C. The surface concentration is to be maintained at 1.30 wt% C, and
the treatment is to be conducted at 1000C. (D
0
= 2,3 x 10
5
m
2
/s)
3. At what temperature will the diffusion coefficient for the diffusion of copper in
nickel have a value of 6.5 10
-17
m
2
/s. Use the diffusion data (tabulasi data
difusi).
4. The diffusion coefficients for iron in nickel are given at two temperatures:
T (K) D (m
2
/s)
1273 9.4 10
16

1473 2.4 10
14

a. Determine the values of D
0
and the activation energy Q
d
.
b. What is the magnitude of D at 1100C (1373 K)?


.
Jawaban Latihan Soal


J = D
C
A
C
B
x
A
x
B
1. Gunakan rumus laju difusi steady state



x
B
= x
A
+ D
C
A
C
B
J



(

(
x
A
= 0 (pada permukaan)
D = 6 x 10
11
m
2
/s
C
A
= 4 kg/m
3
C
B
= 2 kg/m
3
J = 1,2 x 10
7
kg/m
2
.s
Jadi, x
B
= 1 mm
2. Gunakan rumus laju difusi non steady state



C
x
C
0
C
s
C
0
= 1 erf
x
2 Dt
|
\

|
.
|
C
x
= 0,45
C
0
= 0,20
C
s
= 1,30
x = 2 mm = 2 10
-3
m


erf
x
2 Dt
|
\

|
.
|
= 1 0.2273 = 0.7727
z = 0,854 (hasil interpolasi)


z = 0.854 =
x
2 Dt
Jadi, t = 7.1 10
4
s = 19,7 h
Jawaban Latihan Soal
3. Gunakan rumus hubungan koefisien difusi dengan temperatur



T =
Q
d
R(ln D ln D
0
)
D
0
= 2,7 10
-5
m
2
/s
Q
d
= 256000 J/mol
D =6.5 10
-17
m
2
/s
Gunakan R = 8,31 J/mol.K

Jadi, T = 1152 K
4. Gunakan rumus hubungan koefisien difusi dengan temperatur



Q
d
= R
ln D
1
ln D
2
1
T
1

1
T
2

D
0
= D
1
exp
Q
d
RT
1
|
\


|
.
|
|
Q
d
= 252400 J/mol
D
0
= 2,2 x 10
-5
m
2
/s
D (saat 1100C) = 5,4 x 10
-15
m
2
/s