CBSE PHYSICS CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTION AND ANSWERS

NCERT PROBLEMS:
CHAPTER 1.
ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS 1. Check that the ratio ke2/Gmemp is dimensionless. Determine the value of this ratio. Solution: Consider the diagram below. e r Part 1. e me r mp

r2 On dividing both the forces we get ke2/Gmemp, hence Force/Force will have no dimension.
Part 2.

Electrostatic force, Fe=

ke 2

Gm e m p Gravitational force, Fg= r2

ke2/Gmemp = (. ) / . . . ratio = 2.29 2. Four charges qA= 2C; qB = -5C; qC = 2C and qD = -5C are located at the corners of a square ABCD of side 10 cm. What is the force on a charge of 1C placed at the centre of the square? D (-5C) C (+2C) Solution: Consider the diagram. Length of each side of the square is 10cm. Therefore each diagonal is 102cm and half of the diagonal is 10/2cm. Along each diagonal equal forces are acting but O (+1C) in opposite direction, hence net force at O will be zero.

A (+2C)
3.

B (-5C)

A system has two charges qA = 2.5107 C and qB = -2.5107 C located at points A (0, 0, 15 cm) and B (0, 0, +15 cm) respectively. What are the total charge and electric dipole moment of the system? Solution: +qB B (0, 0, +15) Total charge = qA + qB = (2.5 2.5) 107 C = 0, Electric dipole moment = charge distance ,, = 2.5107 30102 30 102 m

qA

A (0, 0, 15)

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CBSE PHYSICS CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTION AND ANSWERS

4. If 109 electrons move out of a body to another body every second, how much time is required to get a total charge of 1C on the other body? Solution: From law of quantization of charges, q = ne = 6.251018 1.610 19 As 1 second is needed to move 109 electrons, hence 6.251018 electrons will need 6.2510 18 6.2510 9 9 = 6.2510 seconds = years 109 365246060 Total time needed = 198 years. n= 5. Two insulated identical charged copper spheres A and B have their centers separated by a distance of 50 cm and charge on each 6.5 10 7 C. A third sphere of same size but uncharged is brought in contact with the first, then brought in contact with the second, and finally removed from both. What is the new force of repulsion between A and B? Solution: Before solving this question let us look at the following principle. Principles of Charging by Contact a. When charged object contacts to a neutral object, they both have same charge. b. When two charged matter contact each other, total charge of the system is preserved and they distribute the total charge in accordance with their capacities. c. If the touching objects are spheres, they contribute the total charge according to their radii, because the capacities are directly proportional to their radius. When the spheres are the same, they share total charge equally. d. The following equation can be used to find the charge per spheres having radii r1 and r2. (1 + 2 ) (1 + 2 ) = 1 = (1 + 2 ) (1 + 2 ) 2 Where, q1 and q2 are the charges on the spheres before contact and QA and QB after redistribution of charges after contact. (Note: q1+ q2 = QA+ QB) In the above the size of each sphere is same and charges are also same, so when the charged spheres come in contact with each other, their charges are shared equally. Let, qA = qB = q = 6.5 107 C and qC = 0 Step 1. Step 2.
qA + qC 2 q C + q B 2

= qA = qC =

6.5 10 7 + 0 2

= 3.2510-7C

Final charge On A = qA =3.2510-7C And on B = qB =4.87510-7C

= qC = qB =

3.25 10 7 + 6.5 10 7 2

= 4.87510-7C

Step 3. FAB = 9109

q A q B 0.52

= 5.7103N.

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CBSE PHYSICS CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTION AND ANSWERS

6. Derive an expression for the motion of a charged particle in a uniform electric field.

Derivation: When charge + with mass moves with velocity v along x-axis it experiences upward force as long as it remains inside the field and follows straight line motion as soon as it comes out of the field. Upward force, =

Y-axis E +q
y

X-axis

And

For horizontal motion, = 0 and using, 1 = + 2 2 = For vertical motion using, = 0 = + 2 2 , 2 = 2 2

1

= 0 + 2

Conclusion:

a. b.

more the charge to mass ratio more the displacement, path of the charged particle inside the field is parabolic.

7.

Give the sign of the three charges. Which particle has the highest charge to mass ratio in the adjoining figure? Solution:
Charges 1 and 2 are negative and 3 is positive. As,

1 2

Hence, q/m for charge 3 is more as its displacement is more.

_ _ 3

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