BMEGEMMMW05 / Elasticity and Plasticity / Exercises

19 February 2013

EXERCISE 3 The displacement eld in a linear homogeneous isotropic material in a Cartesian coordinate system is given by u = ux (x, y, z ) e1 + uy (x, y, z ) e2 + uz (x, y, z ) e3 , u = y e1 + (x z ) e2 + xz e3 , (1) (2)

where e1 , e2 , and e3 represent the Cartesian unit basis vectors, whereas x, y and z are the coordinates along the orthogonal axes. Determine the components of the innitesimal strain tensor using cylindrical coordinate system. SOLUTION The components of the displacement vector eld using cylindrical coordinate system is obtained by the formula [u] = [Q] [u] ,
(r,,z ) (x,y,z )

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where the proper orthogonal tensor Q, which describes the transformation between the basis vectors of the two coordinate systems, is given by cos sin 0 [Q] = sin cos 0 . (4) 0 0 1 The transformation rules for the coordinates: x = r cos, y = r sin, z = z. (5)

Thus, the component of u in the cylindrical coordinate system, after simplication, become ur (2r cos z ) sin [u] = u = r cos2 z cos . (6) (r,,z ) uz rz cos The (symmetric) innitesimal strain tensor in cylindrical coordinate system is dened as rr r rz [] = r z , (r,,z ) rz z zz where rr = = zz = ur = sin2, r 1 r u + ur = sin2, (8) (9) (10) 1

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uz = r cos, z

BMEGEMMMW05 / Elasticity and Plasticity / Exercises 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 ur u u + r r r ur uz + z r u 1 uz + z r =

19 February 2013

r = rz = z = Thus,

= cos2,

(11) (12) (13)

1 (z cos sin) , 2

1 = (z sin + cos) . 2

1 ( z cos sin ) sin2 cos2 2 1 cos2 sin2 2 (z sin + cos) . [] = 1 (r,,z ) (z cos sin) 1 (z sin + cos) r cos 2 2 This result can be obtained in a dierent, but equivalent way as follows. First the strain tensor is obtained in the Cartesian coordinate system as 1 1 xy 2 xz x 2 1 1 xy y , [] = 2 2 yz 1 1 (x,y,z ) z 2 xz 2 yz uy 1 ux 1 ux uz ux + + x 2 y x 2 z x 1 ux uy uy 1 uy uz + [] = 2 y + x , y 2 z y (x,y,z ) 1 ux uz 1 uy uz uz + x + y 2 z 2 z z 1 z 0 1 2 1 1 0 2 . [] = 1 1 (x,y,z ) z x 2 2 [] = [Q] []
(r,,z ) (x,y,z )

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The components of the second order tensor in the cylindrical basis is obtained as QT , (18)

which gives the same solution (after simplication) 1 ( z cos sin ) sin2 cos2 2 1 cos2 sin2 2 (z sin + cos) . [] = 1 1 (r,,z ) (z cos sin) 2 (z sin + cos) r cos 2

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BMEGEMMMW05 / Elasticity and Plasticity / Exercises

19 February 2013

EXERCISE 4 The innitesimal strain tensor is A x2 B x1 x2 2 [] = B x1 x2 A x2 1 0 0

given in a Cartesian coordinate system with its matrix as 0 0 . (20) 0

Determine the relation between parameters A and B required for there to exist a continuous single-valued diplacement eld that corresponds to this strain eld. SOLUTION The compatibility equations read as ( ) = 0, where = Thus 31,2 21,3 32,2 22,3 33,2 23,3 [ ] = 11,3 31,1 12,3 32,1 13,3 33,1 . 21,1 11,2 22,1 12,2 23,1 13,2 Let = , then 31,2 21,3 32,2 22,3 33,2 23,3 [ ( )] = 11,3 31,1 12,3 32,1 13,3 33,1 . 21,1 11,2 22,1 12,2 23,1 13,2 For this particular problem we have 0 0 0 0 0 0 [ ] = Bx2 2Ax2 2Ax1 Bx1 0 and B 2A 0 0 0 B 2A 0 . [ ( )] = 0 0 0 Therefore, the following relation must hold: B = 2A . (27) (26) (24) (23) bc ea (eb ec ) = bc,a abd (ed ec ) . xa (22) (21)

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