Basic Mechanical Engineering Basant Agrawal C. M. AgrawalBasie Mechanical Engineering Copytight © 2008 by Wiley india Pot. Lud, 4435.36/7, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi 110002. All rights reserved. No part ofthis book may be reproduced in any form without the written permission of the publisher. Limits of Liability: While he publisher andthe author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, Wiley India Pvt. Lid, and the author make no representation or warranties with respect to the accuracy oF completeness of the contents of this book, and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose. There are no warranties which extend beyond the descriptions contained in this paragraph, No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or writen sales materials. The accuracy and completeness of the information provided herein and the opinions stated nerein are not guaranteed ‘or warranted to produce any particular results, and the advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for every individual. Neither Wiley India Pvt. Lad. nor the author shal be liable for any loss of profit or any ‘other commercial damages, including bat not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages. Disclaimer of Liability: The contents of this book have been checked for accuracy. Since deviations cannot be precluded entirely, Wiley India Pvt. Led. orits author can not guarantee full agreement. Asthe book is intended {or educational purpose, Wiley India Pvt, Ltd. or its author shall not be responsible for any errors, omissions or damages arising out ofthe use ofthe information contained in the book. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information with regard tothe subject matter covered. It is sold on the understanding thatthe Publisher isnot engaged in rendering professional services. ‘Trademarks: All brand names and product names used in this book are trademarks, registered trademarks, or trade names of their respective holders. Wiley India Pvt, Ltd. is not associated with any product or vendor ‘mentioned in this book. First Indian Edition: November 2008 Printed at: Unique Color Cafton, New Delhi- ISBN: 978-81-265-18784Contents Preface 1 Li 12 Engineering Materials Learning Objectives Classification of Engineering Materials ‘Cast Tron hlelele ¢ 3 Classification of Cass L Gray Cast Iron White Cast leon Ductile Cast leon Malleable Cast Ira | Graphite Cast Iron Classification of Plain Carbon Stee! iD 15 Alloy Steel 4 ‘Effect of Alloying Elements in Steel Classification of Alloy Steel 1.6 Iron-Carbon Diagram 7 Points to Remember 2 Key Terms 2 Objective-Type Questions 9 Review Questions 10 ‘Answers. uW 2 Properties of Materials 12 ‘Learning Objectives 12 2.1 Mechanical Properties 12 22 Stress la Classification of Stress ais is Classification of Strain 24__The Tension Test 16 2.5 The Stress-Strain Diagram 17 ‘Terminology Related to Stress-Strain Diagram Key Terms 24 Objective-Type Questions 24 Review Questions 25 Problems. 26 Answers. 27 3 Testing of Materials 28 Learning Objectives 28 Copyrighted material